Polyzonium malagassum de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902: 285
Saussure & Zehntner, 1902: 285
Polyzonium ' malagassum
P. malagassum
R. purpureus
R. purpureus
R. purpureus
Boninozonium Takakuwa, 1942
Orsilochus Attems, 1900
Paraburenia Verhoeff, 1939
R. purpureus
Orsilochus acuticonus
Polyzonium malagassum
P. malagassum
R. purpureus
R. purpureus
Redescription of ' Polyzonium ' malagassum, a new synonym of Rhinotus purpureus (Pocock, 1894), with notes about the occurrence of the order Polyzoniida on Madagascar (Diplopoda)
Wesener, Thomas
Zootaxa
2014
2014-04-23
3790
4
587
594
de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902
de Saussure & Zehntner
1902
[151,836,1447,1474]
Diplopoda
Polyzoniidae
Polyzonium
Animalia
Polyzoniida
1
588
Arthropoda
species
malagassum
Polyzonium malagassum de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902: 285(first description) ' Polyzonium' malagassum.— Enghoff 2003: (list).
Material examined. Typematerial: 1 M lectotype(designated herewith), 5 F paratypes(two missing the head), MNHNB019. Label data: Madagascar, Grandidier. No precise locality given. Label data fits the data mentioned in the first description 100%. Additional material: 3 F, MHNG, ' Madagascar', Polyzonium malagassum, H. de Saussuredet. 1903, newer label inside stating "after Hoffman Rhinotus? africanus(Cook)" [another synonym of R. purpureus].
Redescription.The specimens are in very good condition, ca. 7 mmlong with the male lectotypeslightly smaller. The width is 0.78 mmin the largest female. The specimens have 38 ( lectotype, 2 F paratypes) body rings plus telson. The colour is a faded dark brown with lighter antennae ( Fig. 1A). On each side of head with single, large black ocellus ( Fig. 1B). Collum overlapping head up to lower half of ocellus. FIGURE 1. Polyzonium malagassum de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902, Multi-layer photographs, lectotype (MNHN B019). A: Habitus; B: Head with ocellus. Abbreviations: Co = collum (tergite 1); Go = gonopods; O = ocellus. Not to scale. FIGURE 2.Gonopods of the lectotype (MNHN B019), caudal view. A: anterior gonopod; B:posterior gonopod. Abbreviations: Cx = fused coxae; s-c = apical end canal for the posterior gonopods; St = sternite. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. Gonopods: Anterior gonopod sternite with two rounded lobes, each carrying a long seta ( Fig. 2A). Coxae fused and massive, with sutures still visible. Each coxa with a long trichostele, carrying a long seta. First podomere small but wide, second podomere massive, third podomere carrying mesally a protruding channel for the tarsus of the posterior gonopod ( Fig. 2A), as well as a partly covered process further laterally. Podomere 3 laterally with ca. 4 short setae. Posterior gonopod sternite elongated into two widely separated, rectangular lobes, each carrying 4 or 5 strong setae ( Fig. 2B). Above the syncoxite with three basal, partly fused and difficult to distinguish podomeres, apically with a very long, slender tarsus. Tarsus apically with a short claw ( Fig. 2B).
P. malagassum, a new synonym of R. purpureus. Asnoted by Shelley (1998), R. purpureusis a widespread tramp species introduced to various pacific islands, West Africa, SE Asia, Middle America, the southern USA, several Seychellesislands as well as Madagascar. Individuals of R. purpureuswere often described as new species, leading to more than a dozen species synonyms ( Hoffman 1980), and generic synonyms such as BoninozoniumTakakuwa, 1942; OrsilochusAttems, 1900; ParabureniaVerhoeff, 1939; and ParaconusChamberlin, 1945. In fact, the Malagasy R. purpureuswas already described as Orsilochus acuticonusmore than a century ago ( Attems 1910), and recently synonymized ( Golovatch & Korsos 1992). Our illustrations of the gonopods of the lectotypeof Polyzonium malagassumare virtually identical with those illustrated by previous authors ( Mauriès 1980, Golovatch & Korsos 1992) and clearly show that P. malagassumrepresents another synonym of R. purpureus. Other localities of R. purpureuson Madagascar. FMNH-INS 3990, 1 M, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 8.0 km NE Ivohibe, camp IV, 22.4217 S, 46.8983 E, 1200 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 03.–09.xi.1997, pitfall traps; FMNH-INS 3991, 1 M, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Toamasina, Station Forestiere Tampolo, 10 kmNNE Fenoarivo Atn., 17.2833 S, 49.4167 E, 10 m, littoral rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 10.iv.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4002, 1 specimen, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, R. S. Ivohibe, 8 kmEast of Ivohibe, camp II, 22.4833 S, 46.9683 E, 1200 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 15.–21.x.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4006, 1 M, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, R. S. Ivohibe, 8 kmEast of Ivohibe, camp II, 22.4833 S, 46.9683 E, 1200 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 15.–21.x.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4016, ~ 100 specimens, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, R. S. Ivohibe, 6.5 kmESE Ivohibe, camp III, 22.4967 S, 46.9550 E, 1575 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 24.–30.x.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4023, 127 specimens, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, R. S. Ivohibe, 8.0 km NE Ivohibe, camp IV, 22.4217 S, 46.8983 E, 1200 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 03.–09.xi.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4034, 1 M, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, Rés. Andringitra, 8.5 kmSE Antanitotsy, 22.1667 S, 46.9667 E, 1990 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, Sylvain, 06.iii.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4038, 137 specimens, Madagascar, Province Toamasina, Station Forestiere Tampolo, 10 kmNNE Fenoarivo Atn., 17.2833 S, 49.4333 E, 10 m, littoral rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 04.iv.1997, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4049, 1 specimen, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 29 kmSSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, 20.7767 S, 47.1650 E, 1700 m, disturbed montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 07.i.1998, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4050, numerous specimens, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 29 kmSSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, 20.7767 S 47.1650 E, 1700 m, disturbed montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 07.i.1998, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4060, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 29 kmSSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, 20.7767 S, 47.1650 E, 1700 m, disturbed montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 07.i.1998, pitfall traps; FMNH-INS 4085, 2 specimens, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Enakara ( 13 kmNW), Rés. Andohahela, 24.5500S, 46.8000 E, 1250 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 30.xi.1992, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4099, 20 specimens, Madagascar, Province Antsiranana, Befingotra (11.0 km WSW), Rés. Anjanaharibe-Sud, 14.7500 S, 49.4500 E, 1565 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 16.xi.1994, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 4108, 1 M, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Sakaraha ( 59 kmNE), Vohibasia Forest, 22.4667 S, 44.8500 E, 780 m, tropical semi-dry forest, coll. B. L. Fisher, Sylvain, 13.i.1996, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 7987, 3 M, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Réserve Naturalle Intégrale d'Andohahela, parcel 1, 15.0 km NW Eminiminy, 24.5700 S, 46.7317 E, 1500 m, montane rainforest, coll. S. M. Goodman, 17.–27.xi.1995; FMNH-INS 8078, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Réserve Naturalle Intégrale d'Andohahela, parcel 1, 13.5 kmNW Eminiminy, 24.5833 S, 46.7350 E, 1200 m, montane rainforest, coll. S. M. Goodman, 17.–27.xi.1995; FMNH-INS 8088, 1 M, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Réserve Naturalle Intégrale d'Andohahela, parcel 1, 15.0 km NW Eminiminy, 24.5700 S, 46.7317 E. 1500 m, montane rainforest, coll. S. M. Goodman, 17.–27.xi.1995; FMNH-INS 8090, 1 M, 1 F, Madagascar, Province Toliara, Réserve Naturalle Intégrale d'Andohahela, parcel 1, 20.0 km SE Andranondambo, 24.5617 S, 46.7217 E, 1875 m, montane rainforest, coll. S. M. Goodman, 27.xi–05.xii.1995; FMNH-INS 8116, 26 specimens, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 43 kmS Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra, 22.2333 S, 47.0000 E, 825 m, rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 05.x.1993, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 8121,> 60 specimens, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 40 kmS Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra, 22.2167 S, 46.9667 E, 1275 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 15.x.1993, Winkler extraction; FMNH-INS 8130, 1 M, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 40 kmS Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra, 22.2167 S, 46.9667 E, 1275 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 14.x.1993, pitfall traps; FMNH-INS 8139, 2 M, Madagascar, Province Fianarantsoa, 36 kmS Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra, 22.2000 S, 46.9667 E, 1850 m, montane rainforest, coll. B. L. Fisher, 29.x.1993, Winkler extraction; CAS VCR002 (06210), 4 specimens; CAS BLF10502, 4 specimens, Madagascar, Province Toamasina, Analamy, 18°48'22" S, 048°20'13" E, 1068 m, montane rainforest, colls. Malagasyant team, 21.iii.2004, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); CAS10627 MW, 4 specimens, Madagascar, Toamasina, Torotorofotsy, 18°52'15" S, 048°20'51" E, 1070 m, montane rainforest, marsh edge, coll. Malagasyant team 24.iii.2004, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood).
3710543313
[580,995,1615,1640]
1
588
lectotype
3710543322
1
588
paratype
3710543328
MHNG
Madagascar'
H. de Saussure
Madagascar'
Polyzonium
1
588
3
3
3710543319
3
591
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3710543334
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