Two new species of Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil, and complete description of C. caparaoensis Pianissola, Evandro Machado Parma, Daniele F. Santos-Gonçalves, Ana Paula Clark, Lynn G. Phytotaxa 2018 2018-07-06 358 3 235 250 Clark 1997 McClure 1973 [386,749,158,185] Liliopsida Poaceae Chusquea Plantae Poales 12 247 Tracheophyta subGenus Swallenochloa    1. Foliage leaf sheaths deciduous from the lower nodes of the subsidiary branches.............................................................................2  - Foliage leaf sheaths persistent ............................................................................................................................................................8   2. Central bud/branch flanked by 1 ‒3 subsidiary buds/branches on each side in one linear row; branching intravaginal....................3  - Central bud/branch subtended by 1 ‒2 rows of subsidiary buds/branches, or subtended by 4 ‒5 tiers and flanked by 4 ‒5 subsidiary buds/branches; branching extravaginal..............................................................................................................................................4   3. Foliage leaf blades on vegetative branches 0.2–0.4 mmwide, L:W = 10.3 ‒20................................................................  C. fruticosa  - Foliage leaf blades (0.5 ‒) 0.8 ‒1 mmwide, L:W = 5.5 ‒8.6...............................................................  C. windischii Clark (1992: 405)   4. Central bud/branches flanked by slightly smaller subsidiary buds/branches, and subtended by 4 ‒5 rows of medium to small sized subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaves with inner ligules 0.2 ‒0.5 ( ‒1) mm long, truncate, and sheaths mottled.......  C. juergensii  - Central bud/branch subtended, not flanked, by 1 or 2 rows of subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaves with inner ligules 0.5 ‒4.0 mm long, rounded or slightly rounded, and sheaths uniform in color, not mottled...........................................................................5   5. Central bud nearly circular; culm leaf blade narrowly triangular, erect becoming reflexed, caducous; smaller subsidiary branches 4 ‒10 per node ...................................................................................................................................  C. nudiramea Clark (1992: 415)  - Central bud triangular; culm leaf blade triangular, erect, persistent; smaller subsidiary branches 15 ‒80 per node ..........................6   6. Central bud/branch subtended by 1 ‒2 more or less linear rows of subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaf blades 0.18 ‒0.25 cmwide, L:W = (22.5 ‒) 25.6 ‒33...............................................................................................................................................  C. caparaoensis  - Central bud/branch subtended and partially encircled by 1 ‒2 rows of subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaf blades (0.2 ‒) 0.5 ‒0.9 ( ‒1.2) cm wide, L:W = (4 ‒) 7.5 ‒24....................................................................................................................................................7   7. Culm leaf sheaths 1 ‒5 times as long as the blade; smaller subsidiary branches 15 ‒40 per node; foliage leaf blades (0.3 ‒) 0.5 ‒0.9 ( ‒1.2) cm wide, L:W = (4 ‒) 7.7 ‒15, base attenuate to rounded-attenuate ........................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................  C. mimosa McClure & Smith (1967: 37)subsp. mimosa  - Culm leaf sheaths (3.5 ‒) 12 ‒27.5 ( ‒50) times as long as the blade; smaller subsidiary branches 45 ‒80 per node; foliage leaf blades (0.2 ‒) 0.4 ‒0.7 cmwide, L:W = 10.6 ‒24, base attenuate.............................................  C. mimosasubsp. australis Clark (1992: 414)   8. Branching extravaginal; subsidiary branches (12 ‒) 20 ‒60 per node, more or less horizontally exserted, in 2 ‒6 rows, constellate ... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................9  - Branching intravaginal; subsidiary branches 3 ‒20 ( ‒30) per node, erect, in 1 row, linear ..............................................................10   9. Foliage leaf blades 1.3 ‒3.7 cmlong, 0.2 ‒0.4 cmwide; subsidiary branches 3 ‒15 cmlong, (12 ‒) 20 ‒45 per node, the central branch usually developing, robust; nodes with the supranodal ridge prominent; subsidiary buds in 2 rows in a crescent-shaped arrangement; culms 1 ‒2 ( ‒3.5) m tall.........................................................................................................  C. heterophylla Nees (1835: 488)  - Foliage leaf blades 0.8 ‒2 cmlong, 0.1 ‒0.2 cmwide; subsidiary branches 1.5 ‒4 cmlong, 30 ‒60 per node, the central branch usually not developing; nodes with the supranodal ridge obscure; subsidiary buds in 5 or 6 rows in a triangular arrangement; culms 0.5 ‒1 mtall..................................................................................................  C. microphylla(Döll in Martius 1880: 207) Clark (1992: 420)   10. Central branch curving away from the main culm, sometimes more or less erect at the base before curving ................................11  - Central branch erect and more or less appressed to the main culm for its full length......................................................................13   11. Foliage leaves 8 ‒10 ( ‒13) per complement; foliage leaf blades 0.3 ‒0.4 cmwide;  Serra do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais........................ .......................................................................................................................................................................................  C. riosaltensis  - Foliage leaves 3 ‒8 per complement; foliage leaf blades 0.4 ‒1 cmwide;  Morro da Igreja, Santa Catarina....................................12   12. Culms ca. 1 mtall; subsidiary branches 4 ‒11 cmlong; central branch strongly sinuous ...............................................  C. windischii  - Culms 1 ‒1.5 mtall; subsidiary branches 4 ‒16 cmlong; central branch gently curved....................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................  C. hatschbachii Clark & Blong (2009: 29)   13. Foliage leaf blades 0.06 ‒0.25 ( ‒0.4) cm wide, L:W = 17 ‒60, the base attenuate............................................................................14  - Foliage leaf blades 0.35 ‒1.1 cmwide, L:W = 6.5 ‒14, the base truncate-rounded to rounded-attenuate ........................................16   14. Central bud/branch flanked by subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaf blades L:W = (25 ‒) 33 ‒60; culm leaf sheaths fused at the base for 0.3 ‒1.5 cm, the blade usually not distinguishable from the sheath ...........................................  C. nutans Clark (1992: 398)  - Central bud/branch subtended by subsidiary buds/branches; foliage leaf blades L:W = 8 ‒31; culm leaf sheaths not fused at the base, blades distinguishable from the sheath....................................................................................................................................15   15. Internodes sulcate, 14 ‒20 cmlong; culm leaves deciduous, (20 ‒) 33 ‒55 cmlong, extending (1.4 ‒) 2 ‒3 times the internode length, abaxially with setose trichomes at the base; foliage leaf blades L:W = (8 ‒) 10 ‒17.3 ....................................................  C. imbricata  - Internodes terete, 3 ‒11 cmlong; culm leaves persistent, 5.3 ‒14.2 cmlong, usually shorter than or equaling one internode but sometimes longer, never more than 1.3 times the internode length, abaxially glabrous or retrorsely scabrous; foliage leaf blades L: W = 17 ‒31 ..............................................................................................  C. pinifolia(Nees in Martius 1829: 525) Nees (1835: 490)   16. Foliage leaf blades 0.8 ‒1.1 cmwide ..............................................................................  C. sclerophyllaDöllin Martius (1880: 200)  - Foliage leaf blades 0.35 ‒0.5 ( ‒0.7) cm wide....................................................................................................................................17   17. Foliage leaves 10 ‒13 per complement; foliage leaf blades with L:W = 6.5 ‒11; foliage leaf sheaths glabrous to softly pubescent toward the apex; culm leaves abaxially glabrous............................................................................  C. baculifera Silveira (1919: 99)  - Foliage leaves 19 ‒24 per complement; foliage leaf blades with L:W = 11 ‒14; foliage leaf sheaths pubescent-hispid between the nerves; culm leaves abaxially pubescent.................................................................................................  C. erecta Clark (1992: 397) Serra do Ibitipoca 12 247 1 Minas Gerais [901,1451,1284,1305] da Igreja Morro da Igreja 12 247 1 Santa Catarina