Canthon kästneri Balthasar, 1939: 193 Vulcano & Pereira 1967: 552 Canthon kaestneri : Blackwelder 1944: 199 Pereira & Martínez 1956: 114 Krajcik 2006: 28 Carvajal et al . 2011: 314 Krajcik 2012: 63 Scybalocanthon kästneri : Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 616 Scybalocanthon kaestneri: Halffter & Martínez 1977: 68 Carvajal et al . 2011: 314 Bezdek & Hajek 2011: 363 Chamorro et al . 2018: 87 Chamorro et al. 2019: 229 A taxonomic revision of the genus Scybalocanthon Martínez, 1948 (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini) Silva, Fernando A. B. Valois, Marcely Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-08 4629 3 301 341  Chamorro et al. 2019: 229  4W3LK (Balthasar, 1939) Balthasar 1939 [151,683,1197,1224] Insecta Scarabaeidae Scybalocanthon Animalia Coleoptera 21 322 Arthropoda species kaestneri  ( Figs. 1K, 3E, 4K, 5J, 6E)      Canthon kästneri Balthasar, 1939: 193, 227 (original description);  Vulcano & Pereira 1967: 552(distribution, identification key).     Canthon kaestneri: Blackwelder 1944: 199(checklist);  Pereira & Martínez 1956: 114(comment);  Krajcik 2006: 28(catalog);  Carvajal et al. 2011: 314(cited for Ecuador);  Krajcik 2012: 63(catalog).     Scybalocanthon kästneri: Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 616(distribution).     Scybalocanthon kaestneri: Halffter & Martínez 1977: 68(checklist);  Carvajal et al. 2011: 314(cited for Ecuador);  Bezdek & Hajek 2011: 363(catalog of types);  Chamorro et al. 2018: 87(fig. 10B), 98 (cited for Ecuador);  Chamorro et al.2019: 229, 230 (catalog of dung beetles species from Ecuador).   Diagnosis. Specimens of  S. kaestneriare readily distinguishable from all other species by pronotum with four black spots (two central spots with triangular shape and two lateral spots rounded) ( Fig. 2K); femora almost completely yellow or brown, with black spots only on the tips ( Fig. 3G); parameres of aedeagus slightly asymmetrical, dorsal margin of left paramere strongly curved outward at apical portion ( Fig. 4K); endophallus with bristles right beside the FLP sclerite ( Fig. 5J); and additional sclerite ( AS) absent ( Fig. 5J). A specimen from Napo, Ecuador, has only three black spots on pronotum (one spot at posterior margin with triangular shape and two lateral spots rounded).   Description. Body.Oval-elongate, with variable metallic sheen. Surface completely microgranulate. Color. Head and elytra opaque, pronotum with metallic sheen. Most of pronotum, hypomera, prosternum, mesoventrite, central portion of metaventrite, metaepisternae, lateral portion of abdominal ventrites, pygidium, and legs yellow or light brown. Head, some spots of pronotum, elytra, and central portion of abdominal ventrites black. Length.9.0–10.0 mm. Thorax. Anterior angles of pronotum approximately 90°. Lateral margin strongly curved outward at the middle portion. Elytra. Striae thin and impressed, with elliptical punctures. Eighth stria with a thin carina at the anterior portion. Aedeagus.Parameres slightly asymmetrical, obliquely truncate apically ( Fig. 4K). Dorsal margin of parameres curved inward from the basal to medial portions, and curved outward at the apical portion. Ventral margin of parameres curved inward at the basal portion and substraight from the medial to apical portions. SRP circular, with rounded handle-shaped extension ( Fig. 5J). FLP subelliptical, with dense set of bristles right beside it ( Fig. 5J). A+SA with two superposed and elongate sclerites ( Fig. 5J).   Type material.  Canthon kaestneriBalthasar,   lectotype ♀( here designated; NMPC): “ Equador” // “TY- PUS” // “ Kastneri / m.” // “ Scybalocanthon/ kaestneri (Balth.)/  Det. B. D. Gill’96” // “ LECTOTYPE/  Canthon ♀/  kaestneri/ Balth/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello/ 2013”.  Paralectotypes   2♀( NMPC): “Mera / Ecuador” // “Typus” // “ PARALECTOTYPE/  Canthon ♀/  kaestneri Balth./ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello”.  Non-type material [   18 males, 36 females]: ECUADOR: MORONA-SANTIAGO, Untsuantssitio 4,  1100 m,  20.i.2002, J. Celi& M. Ortega, pitfall trap, human feces— 1♂ 1♀( CMNC);  Untsuantssitio 6,  1100 m,  23.i.2002, J. Celi& M. Ortega, pitfall trap, fish— 1♀( CMNC);  Untsuantssitio  7, 900 m,  23.i.2002, J. Celi& M. Ortega, pitfall trap, human feces— 1♀( CMNC);  Bosque Domono,  22.viii.1997, 1650 m, C. Carpio— 1♂ 1♀( CEMT); PASTA- ZA, 22 kmSE Puyo,  900 m( 1°37’11’’S, 77°50’40’’W),  12–16.vii.1976, S. Peck, forest, dung traps( dung traps39–41)— 1♀( CMNC);  22 kmSE Puyo,  900 m( 1°37’11’’S, 77°50’40’’W),  12–16.vii.1976, S. Peck, forest, carrion traps( carrion traps42–43)— 1♂( CMNC);  25 kmNNE Puyo,  1000 m( 1°18’19’’S, 77°52’59’’W),  4–13.vii.1976, S. Peck, forest, dung traps( dung trap25-27)— 3♂ 16♀( CMNC, MZUFPA);  9 kmESE Veracruz,  900 m( 1°33’49’’S, 77°53’8’’W),  22–24.viii.1975, R. Webster, forest, dung traps— 1♂ 1♀( CMNC);  Llandia,  17 kmN Puyo,  1000 m( 1°21’3’’S, 77°58’4’’W),  16.vii.1994, F. Génier, remnant rainforest, hand collecting— 1♂( CMNC);  Llandia,  17 kmN Puyo,  1000 m( 1°21’3’’S, 77°58’4’’W),  19.vii.1994, F. Génier, remnant rainforest, feces trap— 4♂ 3♀( CMNC);  Llandia,  17 kmN Puyo,  1000 m( 1°21’3’’S, 77°58’4’’W),  20.vii.1994, F. Génier, remnant rainforest, feces trap— 1♀( CMNC);  Oglán River,  29.x. 2008, 809 m, F. Gallo& E. Camillo— 1♀( CEMT);  Mera, Estação Biológica Pinto MiradorUTE [Usina Termelétrica] ( 78°06’29”W, 1°27’25”S),  22.iii.2012, pitfallpig feces,  1000 m, C. Luzuriaga— 5♂ 9♀( CEMT);  Mera, Estação Biológica Pinto MiradorUTE [Usina Termelétrica] ( 78°1’00”W, 2°31’59”S)— 1♂( CEMT);  NAPO: Puerto Napo, 480 m—2 [unsexed specimens] ( MQCAZ).   Distribution.Known from Ecuador( Fig. 6E). Endemism areas: Brazilian sub-region: Boreal Brazilian dominion: Napo province(see Morrone 2014; fig. 12). 2847261339 NMPC Det. B. D. Gill' & F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello Ecuador Det. B. D. Gill' Equador 22 323 2 2 lectotype 2847261510 NMPC F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello Ecuador Ecuador 22 323 3 3 paralectotype 2847261343 2002-01-20 CMNC J. Celi & M. Ortega Ecuador 1100 Untsuants 22 323 56 37 19 Morona-Santiago 2847261416 2002-01-23 CMNC J. Celi & M. Ortega Ecuador 1100 Untsuants 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261450 2002-01-23 CMNC J. Celi & M. Ortega Ecuador 7900 Untsuants 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261549 [546,1329,548,575] 1997-08-22 CEMT Ecuador Bosque Domono 22 323 2 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261344 1976-07-12 1976-07-16 1976-07-12 CMNC S. Peck Ecuador 900 -1.6197222 Puyo 21 -77.844444 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261518 1976-07-12 1976-07-16 1976-07-12 CMNC S. Peck Ecuador 900 -1.6197222 Puyo 21 -77.844444 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261608 1976-07-04 1976-07-13 1976-07-04 CMNC, MZUFPA S. Peck Ecuador 1000 -1.3052777 Puyo 21 -77.88306 22 323 19 16 3 Morona-Santiago 2847261614 1975-08-22 1975-08-24 1975-08-22 CMNC R. Webster Ecuador 900 -1.563611 Veracruz 21 -77.88555 22 323 2 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261472 1994-07-16 CMNC F. Genier Ecuador 1000 -1.3508334 Llandia 21 -77.96778 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261316 1994-07-19 CMNC F. Genier Ecuador 1000 -1.3508334 Llandia 21 -77.96778 22 323 7 3 4 Morona-Santiago 2847261356 1994-07-20 CMNC F. Genier Ecuador 1000 -1.3508334 Llandia 21 -77.96778 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261494 [276,1075,873,899] 2008-10-29 CEMT F. Gallo Ecuador Oglan River 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261320 2012-03-22 CEMT Ecuador 1000 -1.4569445 Estacao Biologica Pinto Mirador 21 -78.108055 Mera 22 323 14 9 5 Morona-Santiago 2847261321 CEMT Ecuador -2.5330555 Estacao Biologica Pinto Mirador 21 -78.01667 Mera 22 323 1 1 Morona-Santiago 2847261446 [262,993,980,1007] MQCAZ Ecuador Puerto Napo 22 323 1 Napo