The lace web spiders (Araneae, Phyxelididae) of Madagascar: phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomy
Griswold, Charles E.
Wood, Hannah Marie
Carmichael, Anthea D.
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2012
2012-03-20
164
4
728
810
CPH8
Griswold & Wood & Carmichael, 2012
Griswold & Wood & Carmichael
2012
[300,531,857,878]
Arachnida
Phyxelididae
Ambohima
Animalia
Araneae
66
794
Arthropoda
species
zandry
sp. nov.
( FIGS 7F, 15A–E, 24A–E, 34E–I, 38E, F, 43J–L, 59) Types: Holotypemale and paratypefemale ( CASENT9003543) collected by beating low vegetation in montane rainforest in Parc National Montagne d’Ambre, Antsiranana Province, Madagascar, 2–7 February 2001by J. J. Rafanomezantsoa, deposited in CASC. Etymology:The specific name is from the Malagasy word for a little one; a noun in apposition. Diagnosis:Male with palp as in Figures 15A–Cand 24A–E, embolic base convex, reservoir course across embolic base nearly straight. Female vulva as in Figures 15E, 34G, H, and 38E, F, spermathecal ducts spiralling around a central, longitudinal spiral chamber, ducts make three or fewer spiral turns. Male ( Holotype):Total length 3.80. Markings similar to Figure 7F, carapace pale yellow-brown, markings faint, legs unmarked; abdomen grey-brown, dorsum with obscure paired light markings. Carapace 1.85 long, 1.50 wide; thoracic fovea 0.22 long, length 0.12 times that of carapace; clypeus 0.10 high; ocular area 0.26 long, 0.56 wide; ratio of eyes AM/AL/PM/PL, 1.30:2.40:1.00:1.10, diameter of PM 0.10. Chelicerae 0.74 long, slender, smooth, pro- and retromargins of fang furrow with six teeth. Sternum 1.06 long, 0.90 wide; labium 0.30 long, 0.34 wide; palpal coxa 0.56 long, 0.30 wide. Legs long, femur I length 1.56 times carapace length; metatarsi I and II prolateral concavity and clasping spines as in Figure 43J–L, segment cylindrical at base of concavity. Leg measurements (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = [total]: I: 2.90 + 0.70 + 2.85 + 2.55 + 1.30 = [10.30]; II: 2.30 + 0.75 + 2.20 + 1.90 + 1.05 = [8.20]; III: 1.90 + 0.65 + 1.55 + 1.70 + 0.90 = [6.70]; IV: 2.60 + 0.70 + 2.35 + 2.50 + 1.05 = [9.20]; palp: 0.75 + 0.35 + 0.25 + (absent) + 0.75 = [2.10]. Palpus as in Figures 15A–Cand 24A–E; femur with basal triangular group of eight thorn-like setae; tibia with dorsal blade (DTA) broadened distally, prolateral hook (PTA) short; cymbium length 1.60 times width, 0.40 times carapace length; palpal bulb length 1.50 width, embolic base convex, reservoir course across embolic base nearly straight. Variation (N = 2):Carapace length 1.23–1.27 times width, height 0.30–0.40 times width; PER width 2.15–2.48 times OAL; OQP 1.21–1.30 times OQA; cheliceral length 5.50–7.40 times clypeal height; sternum length 1.13–1.18 times width. Female ( Paratype):Total length 3.70. Markings similar to Figure 7F. Carapace 1.70 long, 1.25 wide; thoracic fovea short, broad, length 0.08 that of carapace; clypeus 0.10 high; ocular area 0.20 long, 0.56 wide; ratio of eyes AM/AL/PM/PL, 1.37:2.62:1.00:1.12, diameter of PM 0.08. Chelicerae 0.72 long, robust, smooth, pro- and retromargins of fang furrow with five teeth. Sternum 0.90 long, 0.82 wide; labium 0.30 long and wide; palpal coxa 0.52 long, 0.24 wide. Femur I length 1.17 times carapace length. Palpal femur with row of five anterobasal thorns. Calamistrum origin at about 0.35 from metatarsus base, length 0.40 that of segment. Leg measurements (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = [total]): I: 2.00 + 0.65 + 1.80 + 1.55 + 0.95 = [6.95]; II: 1.55 + 0.55 + 1.20 + 1.20 + 0.80 = [5.30]; III: 1.30 + 0.40 + 1.00 + 1.00 + 0.70 = [4.40]; IV: 1.80 + 0.55 + 1.40 + 1.40 + 0.80 = [5.95]; palp: 0.70 + 0.30 + 0.40 + (absent) + 0.70 = [2.10]. Epigynum similar to Figure 15D; spermathecal ducts spiralling around a central, longitudinal spiral chamber, outer ducts make two spiral turns ( Fig. 38F). Variation (N = 5):Total length 3.70–4.10; carapace length 1.33–1.38 times width, height 0.37–0.44 times width; PER width 2.41–2.90 times OAL; OQP 1.23– 1.36 times OQA; cheliceral length 5.50–7.20 times clypeal height; promargin of fang furrow with 5–7 teeth, retromargin of fang furrow with 5–6 teeth; sternum length 1.10–1.16 times width; femur I length 1.18–1.34 times carapace length; metatarsus I 1.08– 1.11 times carapace length; median lobe of epigynum triangular to nearly trapezoidal, outer vulval ducts make 2–3 spiral turns ( Figs 15E, 34G, H, 38E, F). Natural history:Found on or near the ground in montane rainforest. Distribution:Known only from Montagne d’Ambre in far northern Madagascar( Fig. 59). Material examined: MADAGASCAR: Antsiranana Prov. P. N. Montagne d’Ambre, 2.79 air km NE of park entrance, 12°32′S, 49°10′E, elev. c. 1000 m, forest, 21–30 November 1993, C. Griswold, S. Larcher, R. Andriamasamanana, N. Scharff and J. Coddington, 2 ♀, CASC( CASENT9017021, 9017022), 1 ♀, ZMUC( CASENT9017019), 1 ♀, USNM( CASENT9017020); Parc Nationale Montagne d’Ambre, 12.2 km211° SSW Joffreville, 12°35′47″S, 49°9′34″E, elev. 1300 m, pitfall trapin montane rainforest, 2–7 February 2001, Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team, 1 ♂, CASC( CASENT9006874); Montagne d’Ambre, 12°30′57″S, 49°11′04″E, 12 August 1992, V and B. Roth, 1 ♀, CASC( CASENT9017023), beating low vegetation in montane rainforest, 2–7 February 2001, J. J. Rafanomezantsoa, holotype ♂, paratype ♀, CASC( CASENT9003543).
2001-02-02
2001-02-07
2001-02-02
CASC
J. J. Rafanomezantsoa
Madagascar
Parc National Montagne d'Ambre
66
794
CASENT9003543
2
Antsiranana
holotype
1993-11-21
1993-11-30
1993-11-21
R
P. N. Montagne d'Ambre & C. Griswold & S. Larcher
Madagascar
1000
-12.533334
Antsiranana Prov.
1293
49.166668
67
795
1
Antsiranana
1992-08-12
2001-02-07
1992-08-12
CASC, ZMUC, USNM, V
Andriamasamanana, N & J. Coddington
Madagascar
1300
-12.515833
Parc Nationale Montagne d'Ambre
21
49.184444
67
795
CASENT9017021, 9017022, CASENT9017019, CASENT9017020, CASENT9006874
5
4
1
Antsiranana
2001-02-02
2001-02-07
2001-02-02
CASC
B. Roth & J. J. Rafanomezantsoa
Madagascar
67
795
CASENT9017023, CASENT9003543
3
2
1
Antsiranana
holotype