A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands Hong-Wa, Cynthia Boissiera 2016 2016-10-21 70 1 292 8WYQV 2491098 Hong-Wa [504,775,378,406] Magnoliopsida Oleaceae Noronhia Plantae Lamiales 69 69 Tracheophyta species clarinerva    Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: DIANA,  Diégo II,  Sakaramy, Montagne d’Ambre AP, 12°26’25”S 49°13’49”E,  319 m, 2. VI.2010, Hong-Wa 708(holo-: MO-6400693!; iso-: P!, TAN!).   Diagnosis   Noronhia clarinervaHong-Wa can be distinguished from its congeners by its oblong to rhombic, coriaceous leaf blades, its light-colored venation and its fasciculate pinkish flowers.   Description  Shrubsto 5 mtall, trunk to 3 cmdiameter; young twigs cylindrical, 0.8-1.4 mmdiameter, glabrous; bark whitish, smooth. Leavesopposite, persistent; bud scales persistent only on very young twigs; blades medium green above, lighter below, oblong to rhombic, 4.5-7.5 3 1-2.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base acute, margin flat to slightly undulate, apex acuminate, the acumen 2-16 mmlong, midrib sunken above, raised below, secondary veins conspicuous mostly below, 7-12 per side, 5-10 mmapart, looping 1-2 mmfrom the margin; petiole light gray to whitish, 3.5-7 3 1-2.5 mm, entirely woody, glabrous. Flowersfasciculate; pedicel 3-4 mmlong, glabrous; calyx moderately pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes deltate, 2 3 1.5 mm; corolla pinkish, urceolate, 4.5 mmlong, glabrous on both sides, the tube 3.5 mmlong, lobes widely ovate, apex obtuse to acute; corona present, 1.7 mmlong, undivided; stamens 2 mmlong, anthers oblong, 1.8 mmlong; pistil 2.5 mmlong, stigma slightly bilobed. Fruitingpedicel 5-11 3 0.8-1.6 mm; young fruits green, brown when mature, ovoid, 10-13.5 3 6.5-9 mm, surface smooth, apex apiculate; dry pericarp 0.4-0.7 mmthick; endocarp woody.   Etymology   Noronhia clarinervahas distinctively light-colored veins, which are almost white on dry specimens, thus the name of the species.   Distribution, ecology and phenology   Noronhia clarinervaoccurs in low- to mid-elevation dry forests in the north, from Montagne d’Ambre to Daraina ( Fig. 9). It produces flowers and fruits from December to June.   Conservation status   Noronhia clarinervais currently known from nine collections representing eight localities, which are encompassed within an EOO of 1,066 km 2, an AOO of 28 km 2, and four subpopulations representing four locations. All but one location occur entirely within protected areas (Loky-Manambato and Montagne d’Ambre) whereas the fourth sits just at the border of Montagne d’Ambre PN, with some individuals actually found outside of it. With the gradual encroachment for crop cultivation, wood harvesting, illegal logging, and cattle grazing already taking place there, this location is susceptible to decline in habitat quality and loss of mature individuals in the near future. Therefore,  N. clarinervais assigned a preliminary status of “Endangered” [EN B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)].   Notes   Noronhia clarinervaclosely resembles  N. crassinodis, but differs by lacking bud scales at maturity and by having lighter-colored and more conspicuous venation, oblong to rhombic (vs. obovate), acuminate (vs. mucronulate) leaf blades, and pinkish (vs. red purplish) flowers.    Paratypi   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Daraina, Ankijabe, forêt de Bekaraoka,  13°10’02”S 49°42’38”E,  150 m,  15.III.2003,  Gautieret al. 4386( Daraina, G, K, MO, P, TEF); Montagne d’Ambre PN,  12°29’22”S 49°10’16”E,  670 m,  8.XII.2006,  Gautier& Chatelain5084( G, K, MO, P, TAN, TEF); ibid. loc .,  12°25’40”S 49°13’56”E,  300 m, 29. V .2010, Hong-Wa 694( MO, P, TAN); ibid. loc .,  12°26’40”S 49°13’56”E,  300 m, 29. V .2010, Hong-Wa 696( MO, TAN); ibid. loc .,  12°26’28”S 49°13’58”E,  331 m, 1. VI .2010, Hong-Wa 704( MO, P, TAN); Analamazava, part of Binara Range, SW of Daraina,  13°15’S 49°38’E,  200-1180 m,  20.IV.1990,  Meyers98( G, MO, P, TAN); Daraina, forêt de Binara,  13°15’21”S 49°37’00”E,  340 m,  18.XII.2003,  Nusbaumer821( Daraina, G, K, MO, TAN); Montagne d’Ambre,  12°29’16”S 49°10’21”E,  650 m, 4. VI .2008,  Triguiet al. 535( G, MO, TEF). 4023241046 [455,1104,613,640] DIANA Typus Madagascar Prov. 69 69 1 Antsiranana 4023241039 [1131,1243,613,640] II Diego Madagascar 69 69 1 Antsiranana 4023241207 VI Sakaramy & Montagne d'Ambre AP Madagascar 319 -12.440278 21 49.230278 69 69 1 Antsiranana 4023241259 [454,1328,716,743] de Bekaraoka Madagascar Prov. Ankijabe Daraina 71 71 1 Antsiranana 4023240708 2003-03-15 G, K, MO, P, TEF Montagne d'Ambre PN Madagascar 150 -13.167223 Daraina 21 49.710556 Gautier 71 71 1 4023240689 2006-12-08 G, K, MO, P, TAN, TEF Gautier & Chatelain Madagascar 670 -12.489445 Daraina 21 49.171112 Gautier 71 71 1 4023240962 V Madagascar 300 -12.427778 21 49.232224 71 71 1 4023240685 [555,1101,865,893] MO, P, TAN Madagascar 300 -12.427778 21 49.232224 71 71 1 4023241173 V Madagascar 300 -12.444445 21 49.232224 71 71 1 4023240582 [553,1063,902,930] MO, TAN Madagascar 300 -12.444445 21 49.232224 71 71 1 4023240620 VI Madagascar 331 -12.441112 21 49.232777 71 71 1 4023241289 MO, P, TAN Analamazava & Binara Range Madagascar SW of Daraina 71 71 1 4023241069 1990-04-20 G, MO, P, TAN de Binara Madagascar 690 -13.25 Daraina 1291 49.633335 Meyers 71 71 1 4023241251 2003-12-18 G, K, MO, TAN Montagne d'Ambre Madagascar 340 -13.255834 Daraina 21 49.616665 Nusbaumer 71 71 1 4023241497 VI Madagascar 650 -12.487778 21 49.1725 71 71 1 4023240665 [509,960,1089,1117] G, MO, TEF Madagascar Trigui 71 71 1