Noronhia emarginata var. edentata H. Perrier in Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar , Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 296. 1949 A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands Hong-Wa, Cynthia Boissiera 2016 2016-10-21 70 1 292 8WYR4 (H. Perrier) H. Perrier [503,903,380,408] Magnoliopsida Oleaceae Noronhia Plantae Lamiales 104 104 Tracheophyta species edentata   ≡   Noronhia emarginatavar. edentataH. Perrierin Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 296. 1949.    Lectotypus(designated here): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: Forêt d’Analamazaotra, [ 18°55’48”S 48°25’48”E],  800 m, s.d.,  Perrier de la Bâthie8809( P[ P00791237]!; isolecto-: K[ K000233192, K000233193] image seen; P[ P03558849, P03558850]!).  Syntypi: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: Analamazaotra RS,  2.IV.1905, Thouvenot 58( K[ K000233191] image seen, P[ P00701239, P00701240]!); ibid. loc., comm.  3.XII.1934, Ursch 82( P[ P03558851]!).   Description  Treesto 25 mtall, trunk to 35 cmdiameter; young twigs cylindrical, 1-6 mmdiameter, glabrous; bark medium to light gray, smooth to rugose. Leavesopposite, persistent; bud scales persistent; blades dark green above, medium green below, elliptic to obovate, 5-17 3 2-7.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base acute to attenuate, margin slightly revolute, apex rounded to slightly acuminate, the acumen 0-5(-15) mm long, midrib sunken above, raised below, secondary veins conspicuous, 7-17 per side, 7-25 mmapart, looping 1.5-7 mmfrom the margin; petiole medium gray, 6-38 3 1.3-4 mm, entirely woody, glabrous. Thyrsesfasciculate, pauciflorous, compact; peduncle 8-9 mmlong, moderately pubescent; pedicel 1.5-8 mmlong, moderately pubescent; calyx moderately pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes triangular, 1-1.5 3 0.8-2 mm; corolla white sometimes tinged greenish, urceolate, 3-5.5 mmlong, glabrous on both sides, the tube 1.2-3 mmlong, lobes widely ovate, apex obtuse; corona present, 1.4-2.2 mmlong, undivided; stamens 1.8-2.5 mmlong, anthers widely oblong, 1.1-1.9 mmlong; pistil 1.4-2.5 mmlong, stigma capitate. Fruitingpedicel 2-9 3 1.8-3.6 mm; young fruits green, reddish black when mature, ovoid to subglobose, 12-31 3 8.5-26 mm, surface smooth, sometimes covered with a white pellicle, apex flat to bluntly pointed or apiculate; dry pericarp 1.3-4.2 mmthick; endocarp woody; seed 11.5-21.5 3 7-18 mm.   Distribution, ecology and phenology   Noronhia edentataoccurs in low- to high-elevation humid forests in the east, from Sambava to Ambondrombe ( Fig. 19). It produces flowers and fruits from September to May.   Conservation status The assessment was based on 27 collections representing 19 localities, resulting in an EOO of 38,642 km 2, an AOO of 68 km 2, and 13 subpopulations representing 12 locations, of which six occur within protected areas (Analamazaotra, Betampona, Makira, Makirovana, Masoala, and Zahamena). Being widespread and present in many protected areas,  Noronhia edentatais assigned a preliminary status of “Least Concern”.   Notes   Noronhia edentatacan be recognized by its leaves, which have broadly elliptic blades and long, woody petioles, its white greenish flowers and its large fruits, with thick pericarp. There is a slight leaf heteroblasty in this species. In particular, the leaf base is narrower and the acumen longer (up to 15 mmlong) in seedlings and saplings than in adult plants. This taxon was previously recognized as a variety of  N. emarginata, from which it differs by its habit, leaf shape, and flower color and shape. Moreover, these two entities belong to separate clades (HONG- WA & BESNARD, 2013, 2014). PERRIER DE LA BâTHIE (1949)described  N. emarginatavar. edentatabased on the following syntypes:  Perrier de la Bâthie8809,  Thouvenot58and  Ursch820; the latter is a typographical mistake for  Ursch82. Theoverall quality and completeness of  Perrier de la Bâthie8809justify the selection of one of the specimens at P as the lectotype.   Additional specimens examined   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Ambatobiribiry, [ 14°11’S 50°05’E],  50-345 m,  29-30.XI.1950,  Humbert & Capuron24423( G, MO, P).  Prov. Toamasina: Maroantsetra, Ambinanitelo, Ankirindro forest, 15°17’35”S 49°23’59”E,  664 m,  16.I.2003,  Antilahimena et al.1741( G, MO, P);  Manambolo, Amparihibe forest, 15°02’26”S 49°34’59”E,  800 m,  22.II.2003,  Antilahimena1919( MO);  Moramanga, Sahaevo, 18°50’38”S 48°16’54”E,  1006 m,  11.XI.2006,  Antilahimena & Edmond4944( G, MO, P, TAN, TEF);  Ambatovy, 18°51’43”S 48°17’39”E,  1049 m,  9.XII.2006,  Antilahimena & Edmond5092( MO, P, TAN, TEF);  ibid. loc., 18°50’28”S 48°18’16”E,  1085 m,  13.V.2010,  Bernard1566( MO, P, TAN);  AnalamazaotraRS, 18°56’12”S 48°25’09”E,  953 m,  2.V.2010,  Hong-Wa & Ortiz650( MO, P, TAN);  BetamponaRNI, 17°51’S 49°12’E,  275-650 m,  30.IX.1993,  Lewis711( K, MO, P, TAN);  AnalamazaotraRS, [ 18°56’S 48°26’E], 25.VII,  Louvel88( P);  Andasibe, 18°55’50”S 48°25’04”E,  963 m,  5.XII.2008,  Rakotondrafara et al.932( MO, P, TAN);  Moango, ZahamenaRNI, 17°33’32”S 48°53’55”E,  800 m,  4.V.2003,  Rakotondrajaona et al.274( CNARP, G, MO, P, TEF);  Lakato, Ambodigavo, forêt d’Analanjahana, 19°07’57”S 48°24’00”E,  794 m,  31.V.2007,  Razanatsima et al.266( G, MO, P, TAN);   32 kmE of Moramanga, 18°57’S 48°27’E,  870 m,  29.I.1993,  Schatz3452( MO, P, TAN);  Maroantsetra, Farankaraina, [ 15°25’S 49°52’E],  20-25 m,  16.IX.1952,  Service Forestier6151( P, TEF);  Périnet, [ 18°56’S 48°26’E],  1000 m,  1.VI.1954,  Service Forestier10374( P, TEF);  Masoala Peninsula, Ambanizana, 15°40’24”S 49°57’51”E,  110-260 m,  28.X.1994,  Vasey & Velo83( MO, P, TAN). 4023240881 P, K Perrier de la Bathie Madagascar 800 -18.93 Foret d'Analamazaotra 21 48.43 104 104 P00791237, K000233192, K000233193, P03558849, P03558850 1 Toamasina lectotype 4023240409 1905-04-02 1934-12-03 1905-04-02 M, K, P Analamazaotra RS Madagascar 800 -18.93 Foret d'Analamazaotra 21 48.43 104 104 K000233191, P00701239, P00701240, P03558851 1 Toamasina syntype 4023241036 1950-11-29 1950-11-30 1950-11-29 G, MO, P Humbert & Capuron Madagascar Prov. 198 -14.183333 Ambatobiribiry 1289 50.083332 Maroantsetra 107 107 1 Prov. Antsiranana 4023241533 2003-01-16 1950-11-30 1950-11-29 G, MO, P Antilahimena et al. Madagascar Prov. 664 -14.183333 Ambinanitelo 1289 50.083332 Maroantsetra 107 107 1 Prov. Toamasina 4023240953 2003-02-22 MO Antilahimena Madagascar 800 -15.040556 Amparihibe forest 21 49.583054 Manambolo 107 107 1 4023240540 2006-11-11 G, MO, P, TAN, TEF Antilahimena & Edmond Madagascar 1006 -18.84389 Sahaevo 21 48.281666 Moramanga 107 107 1 4023241552 2006-12-09 MO, P, TAN, TEF Antilahimena & Edmond Madagascar 1049 -18.84389 Ambatovy 21 48.281666 Moramanga 107 107 1 4023241131 2010-05-13 MO, P, TAN Bernard Madagascar 1085 -18.84389 Sahaevo 21 48.281666 Moramanga 107 107 1 4023240844 2010-05-02 MO, P, TAN Hong-Wa & Ortiz Madagascar 953 -18.84389 Analamazaotra 21 48.281666 Moramanga 107 107 1 4023240955 1993-09-30 K, MO, P, TAN Lewis Madagascar 463 -18.930555 Betampona 21 48.417778 107 107 1 4023240863 1993-09-30 P Louvel Madagascar 953 -18.930555 Analamazaotra 21 48.417778 107 107 1 4023241434 2008-12-05 MO, P, TAN Rakotondrafara et al. Madagascar 963 -18.930555 Andasibe 21 48.417778 Moango 107 107 1 4023240719 2003-05-04 CNARP, G, MO, P, TEF Rakotondrajaona et al. Madagascar Lakato 800 -18.930555 Zahamena 21 48.417778 Moango 107 107 1 4023240899 2007-05-31 G, MO, P, TAN Razanatsima et al. Madagascar Lakato 794 -18.930555 Ambodigavo 21 48.417778 Ambodigavo 107 107 1 4023241232 1993-01-29 MO, P, TAN Schatz Madagascar 870 -18.95 Moramanga 1273 48.45 Maroantsetra 107 107 1 4023240502 1952-09-16 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar 23 -18.95 Farankaraina 1273 48.45 Maroantsetra 107 107 1 4023241520 [454,1473,1500,1527] 1954-06-01 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar 1000 -18.95 Perinet 1273 48.45 Maroantsetra 107 107 1 4023240667 1994-10-28 MO, P, TAN Vasey & Velo Madagascar 185 -15.673334 Ambanizana 21 49.96417 Masoala Peninsula 107 107 1