Noronhia louvelii A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands Hong-Wa, Cynthia Boissiera 2016 2016-10-21 70 1 292 47QHX 1296297 H. Perrier H. Perrier [500,845,380,408] Magnoliopsida Oleaceae Noronhia Plantae Lamiales 156 156 Tracheophyta species louvelii    Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: CentreE, forêt d’Analamazoatra, [ 18°56’S 48°26’E], s.d.,  Louvel79(holo-: P[ P00573411]!).   Description  Treesto 30 mtall, trunk to 45 cmdiameter; young twigs cylindrical, 0.8-2.1 mmdiameter, glabrous; bark medium gray, slightly rugose. Leavesopposite, persistent; bud scales persistent; blades dark green above, lighter below, elliptic, 3-12 3 1.5-5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia rare, base acute to attenuate, margin flat to slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate, the acumen 1-11 mmlong, midrib slightly sunken above, slightly raised below, secondary veins conspicuous, 6-11 per side, 3-17 mmapart, looping 1-5 mmfrom the margin; petiole medium gray, 2.5-10 3 0.8-2.4 mm, entirely woody, glabrous. Thyrsesfasciculate, pauciflorous, compact; peduncle 2.5-10 mmlong, moderately pubescent; pedicel 3-13 mmlong, moderately pubescent; calyx moderately to sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes oblong, 1-2.5 3 1-2.5 mm; corolla red, cupuliform, 2-7 mmlong, glabrous on both sides, the tube 1.5-4.5 mmlong, lobes widely ovate, apex cucullate; corona present, (0-) 1-2 mmlong, undivided; stamens 1.2-2.8 mmlong, anthers widely obovate, 1-1.3 mmlong; pistil 1.5-3 mmlong, stigma capitate. Fruitingpedicel 2-21 3 0.7-2.4 mm; young fruits green, dark red when mature, subglobose, 14-23 3 11-20.5 mm, surface smooth, apex flat to bluntly pointed, style persistent; dry pericarp 0.6-1.4 mmthick; endocarp crustaceous; seed 7-14 3 6-16 mm.   Distribution, ecology and phenology   Noronhia louveliioccurs in low- to high-elevation humid forests in the east, from Daraina to Vatomandry and in the Centre-West near Tsiroanomandidy ( Fig. 27). It produces flowers and fruits throughout the year except in March.   Conservation status Known from 61 collections representing 57 localities,  Noronhia louveliiis quite widespread. With an EOO of 141,234 km 2, an AOO of 192 km 2, and 39 subpopulations representing 26 locations, of which 10 occur within protected areas (Analamazaotra, Anjanaharibe-Sud, Anjozorobe-Angavo, Betampona, Loky-Manambato, Makira, Marojejy, Masoala, Tsaratanana-Ambohimirahavavy-Corridor Marojejy, and Zahamena), it is assigned a preliminary status of “Least Concern”.   Notes   Noronhia louveliican be recognized by its coriaceous, elliptic leaf blades, cupuliform, red flowers, and crustaceous, subglobose fruits subtended by short pedicels. It differs from  N. luteolaby its woody (vs. non-woody) petiole, elliptic (vs. oblong to ovate) leaf blades, cupuliform (vs. subrotate), red (vs. white) flowers, and crustaceous (vs. woody) endocarp. The collection Morat 4627from humid forest around Tsiroanomandidy in the Bongolava region extends the range of this species to the west. A collection of another species bears the same number as the typespecimen of  N. louvelii: viz.  Dalbergia maritimaR. Vig.(holo-: Louvel 79[P00060529], from eastern Madagascar).   Additional specimens examined   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: Anjozorobe, 18°24’30”S 47°56’15”E,  1320 m,  9.IV.1993,  Harder1544( MO, P, TAN);  Tsiroanomandidy, [ 18°11’S 45°16’E],  1300 m,  VII.1974,  Morat4627( MO, P, TAN);  c. 7 kmE of Anjozorobe, 18°22’S 48°00’E,  1300 m,  11.V.1987,  Schatz1387( K, MO, P, TAN).  Prov. Antsiranana: MarojejyPN, 14°26’S 49°37’E,  1080 m,  23.X.2001,  Gautier3905( G, MO);  Daraina, Ankijabe, forêt de Binara, 13°15’S 49°37’E,  1050 m,  3.XI.2001,  Gautier & Ravelonarivo3986( Daraina, G, MO, P, TEF);  Andapa, Ambodisatrana, 14°32’S 49°26’E,  1100-1200 m,  3.VIII.1997,  McPherson17204( K, MO, TAN);  Anjanaharibe-SudRS, 14°48’15”S 49°26’45”E,  1000-1100 m,  6.VIII.1997,  McPherson17252( K, MO, TAN);  Andapa, Ambodiangezoka, Antanambe, forêt de Betaolana, 14°32’18”S 49°26’18”E,  875 m,  9.X.1999,  Rakotomalaza & Ravelonarivo1911( G, MO, P);  Antalaha, Marofinaritra, Ampokafo, 15°16’49”S, 50°01’27”E,  610 m,  1-15.XII.1997,  Ranaivojaona et al.198( G, MO, P, TAN);  Bealampona, Anjanaharibe-SudRS, 14°44’45”S 49°29’40”E,  890-1041 m,  14.IX.1994,  Ravelonarivo et al.378( G, K, MO, P, TAN);  Anjialavabe, Ankiakabe, Andohan’Anjialava, 14°10’47”S 49°22’01”E,  1567 m,  20.II.2007,  Ravelonarivo et al.2198( G, MO, P, TAN);  Sambava, Andratamarina, Bemanasy, 14°23’54”S 49°50’55”E,  892 m,  23.X.2010,  Ravelonarivo & Raharivelo3562( MO, P, TAN);  Sambava, [ 14°16’S 50°10’E],  21.IV.1956,  Réserves Naturelles7954( G, P, TAN).  Prov. Mahajanga: Befandriana-Nord, Matsoandakana, Andranomena, forêt d’Anjiabe, 15°07’35”S 49°21’09”E,  1418-1446 m,  9.II.2008,  Ravelonarivo et al.2704( G, MO, P, TAN).  Prov. Toamasina: ZahamenaPN, 17°32’47”S 48°44’21”E,  1240- 1400 m,  28.IX.2001,  Andrianjafy et al.148( CNARP, MO, P, TEF);  Ambatovola, 18°55’13”S 48°30’49”E,  29.I.2005,  Andriatsiferana et al.2584( G, MO, P, TAN);  Maroantsetra, Anjahana, Hiaraka, 15°28’42”S 49°54’32”E,  300 m,  1.IX.2002,  Antilahimena et al.1287( G, MO);  Morafeno, Amboditavolo, 15°50’14”S 49°30’32”E,  326 m,  28.X.2003,  Antilahimena et al.2207( MO, P);  Vinanibe, Andongona, Makira, 15°27’40”S 49°17’46”E,  1153 m,  27.XI.2003,  Antilahimena2402( MO);  Ambinanitelo, Marovovonana, 15°18’57”S 49°25’04”E,  981 m,  1.IX.2004,  Antilahimena2700( G, MO);  Ambatovy, 18°48’29”S 48°18’50”E,  1060 m,  16.XII.2004,  Antilahimena et al.3012( G, MO, P, TAN);  ibid. loc., 18°51’34”S 48°18’00”E,  1115 m,  8.VIII.2008,  Antilahimena et al.6426( G, MO, P, TAN);  Andasibe, forêt d’Analamay, 18°51’16”S 048°19’35”E,  1130 m,  8.VI.2007,  Bernard549( G, MO, P, TAN);  Ambatovy 18°50’27”S 48°18’11”E,  1117 m,  17.V.2010,  Bernard et al.1574( MO, P, TAN);  AnalamazaotraRS, 18°56’12”S 48°25’09”E,  953 m,  2.V.2010,  Hong-Wa & Ortiz642( MO, P, TAN);  BetamponaRNI, 17°54’46”S 49°12’20”E,  427 m,  20.XI.2001,  Rabehevitra et al.14( G, MO, P);  Moramanga, Ambatovy-Beroy, 18°49’44”S 48°19’59”E,  6.V.2011,  Rajaonary121( MO, P, TAN);  ZahamenaPN, Antanandava, Ankosy, 17°28’58”S 48°44’10”E,  997 m,  12.VII.2000, Rakotonan-drasana et al. 417( G, MO, P);  Vavatenina, Savaharina, ZahamenaPN, 17°41’08”S 48°59’43”E,  650 m,  12.VI.2001,  Rakotonandrasana et al.489( G, MO, P);  Manakambahiny Est, Sahamalaza, ZahamenaRNI, 17°43’30”S 48°44’35”E,  800-900 m,  20.VII.2003,  Rakotonandrasana et al.695( MO, P);  Vavatenina, Ambodimangavalo, Antevibe-Sahandrazana, 17°32’S 48°48’E,  800-900 m,  30.VII.2003,  Rakotonandrasana et al.717( G, MO, P);  Lakato, Anivorano, Agnalatsara, 19°07’29”S 48°23’32”E,  815 m,  1.VI.2007,  Ranaivojaona et al.1723( MO, P, TAN);  Vatomandry, Ambalabe, 19°09’33”S 48°34’40”E,  21.XI.2004,  A. Randrianasolo et al.904( G, MO, P);  Lakato, 19°03’43”S 48°22’16”E,  1062-1100 m,  2.VI.2007, A. Randrianasolo et al.1132( MO, P);  ZahamenaPN, 17°28’28”S 48°44’12”E,  880 m,  16.VII.2000,  Randrianjanaka et al.562( G, MO, P);  Manakambahiny, ZahamenaPN, 17°39’20”S 48°54’22”E,  750 m,  6.X.2001,  Randrianjanaka et al.649( CNARP, G, MO, P, TEF);  Analamay, 18°48’38”S 48°20’30”E,  1100 m,  9.XI.2008,  Ratolojanahary et al.155( MO, P, TAN);  Ambodimangavalo, Moango, 17°33’57”S 48°53’58”E,  740-1200 m,  25.X.2000,  Ratovoson et al.333( CNARP, MO, P, TEF);  Ambatovy, Menalamba, 18°48’28”S 48°20’57”E,  1000 m,  7.VI.2007,  Ravelonarivo2511( G, MO, P, TAN);  Ankeniheny, 19°07’50”S 48°32’10”E,  922 m,  3.VIII.2007,  Razanatsima et al.296( G, MO, P, TAN);  Ambalabe, AmbinanindranoII, forêt de Vohibe, 19°09’31”S 48°34’40”E,  536 m,  19.II.2009,  Razanatsima et al.664( MO, TAN);  Moramanga, Ampitambe, Sahaevo, 18°50’00”S 48°17’45”E,  1139 m,  11.XII.2006, J. Razanatsoa & Marcellin285( G, MO, P, TAN);  Périnet, Beravina, [ 18°58’S 48°16’E],  8.VI.1951,  Service Forestier3779( TEF);  Moramanga, Ampasimazava,  10.VI.1954,  Service Forestier12224( MO, P);  Sandrangato, [ 19°06’30”S 48°14’30”E],  900 m,  18.XI.1965,  Service Forestier25491( MO, P, TEF). 4023241060 P Louvel Madagascar -18.933332 d'Analamazoatra 1273 48.433334 156 156 P00573411 1 Prov. Toamasina typus 4023241065 1993-04-09 MO, P, TAN Harder Madagascar 1320 -18.408333 Anjozorobe 21 47.9375 Prov. 157 157 1 Prov. Antananarivo 4023241235 1974-07 MO, P, TAN Morat Madagascar 1300 -18.183332 Tsiroanomandidy 1276 45.266666 157 157 1 4023240789 1987-05-11 K, MO, P, TAN Schatz Madagascar 1300 -18.366667 Anjozorobe 1275 48.0 157 157 1 4023241442 2001-10-23 G, MO Gautier Madagascar 1080 -14.433333 Marojejy 1288 49.616665 Prov. 157 157 1 Prov. Antsiranana 4023241348 2001-11-03 G, MO, P, TEF Gautier & Ravelonarivo Madagascar Daraina 1050 -13.25 Binara 1291 49.616665 Ankijabe 157 157 1 4023240607 1997-08-03 K, MO, TAN McPherson Madagascar 1150 -14.533334 Ambodisatrana 1287 49.433334 Andapa 157 157 1 4023241268 1997-08-06 K, MO, TAN McPherson Madagascar 1050 -14.804167 Anjanaharibe-Sud 21 49.445835 157 157 1 4023240795 1999-10-09 G, MO, P Rakotomalaza & Ravelonarivo Madagascar Andapa 875 -14.538334 Antanambe 21 49.438335 Ambodiangezoka 157 157 1 4023240606 1997-12-01 1997-12-15 1997-12-01 G, MO, P, TAN Ranaivojaona et al. Madagascar Antalaha 610 -15.280277 Ampokafo 21 50.024166 Marofinaritra 157 157 1 4023240379 1994-09-14 G, K, MO, P, TAN Ravelonarivo et al. Madagascar 966 -14.745833 Bealampona 21 49.494446 157 157 1 4023240497 2007-02-20 G, MO, P, TAN Ravelonarivo et al. Madagascar Anjialavabe 1567 -14.179723 Andohan'Anjialava 21 49.366943 Ankiakabe 157 157 1 4023241543 2010-10-23 MO, P, TAN Ravelonarivo & Raharivelo Madagascar Sambava 892 -14.398334 Bemanasy 21 49.84861 Andratamarina 157 157 1 4023241338 1956-04-21 G, P, TAN Reserves Naturelles Madagascar -14.266666 Sambava 1288 50.166668 157 157 1 4023240479 2008-02-09 G, MO, P, TAN Ravelonarivo et al. Madagascar Prov. 1432 -15.126389 Matsoandakana 21 49.352497 Befandriana-Nord 157 157 1 Mahajanga 4023240724 2001-09-28 CNARP, MO, P, TEF Andrianjafy et al. Madagascar 1320 -17.546389 Zahamena 21 48.739166 Prov. 157 157 1 Toamasina 4023240602 2005-01-29 G, MO, P, TAN Andriatsiferana et al. Madagascar -18.920277 Ambatovola 21 48.51361 157 157 1 4023241341 2002-09-01 G, MO Antilahimena et al. Madagascar Maroantsetra 300 -15.4783325 Hiaraka 21 49.90889 Anjahana 157 157 1 4023241080 2003-10-28 MO, P Antilahimena et al. Madagascar 326 -15.837222 Amboditavolo 21 49.50889 Morafeno 157 157 1 4023240565 2003-11-27 MO Antilahimena Madagascar Vinanibe 1153 -15.461111 Makira 21 49.296112 Andongona 157 157 1 4023240756 2004-09-01 G, MO Antilahimena Madagascar 981 -15.315833 Marovovonana 21 49.417778 Ambinanitelo 157 157 1 4023241540 2004-12-16 G, MO, P, TAN Antilahimena et al. Madagascar 1060 -18.808054 Ambatovy 21 48.31389 157 157 1 4023240448 2008-08-08 G, MO, P, TAN Antilahimena et al. Madagascar 1115 -18.859446 Ambatovy 21 48.3 157 157 1 4023240794 2007-06-08 G, MO, P, TAN Bernard Madagascar 1130 -18.854445 d'Analamay 21 48.32639 Andasibe 157 157 1 4023240390 2010-05-17 MO, P, TAN Bernard et al. Madagascar 1117 -18.840834 Ambatovy 21 48.303055 157 157 1 4023241342 2010-05-02 MO, P, TAN Hong-Wa & Ortiz Madagascar 953 -18.936666 Analamazaotra 21 48.419167 157 157 1 4023241463 2001-11-20 G, MO, P Rabehevitra et al. Madagascar 427 -17.912777 Betampona 21 49.205555 157 157 1 4023241206 2011-05-06 MO, P, TAN Rajaonary Madagascar -18.82889 Ambatovy-Beroy 21 48.333054 Moramanga 157 157 1 4023241066 2000-07-12 Madagascar Zahamena 997 158 158 -17.482779 Ankosy 21 48.73611 Antanandava 157 157 1 4023241108 2001-06-12 2003-07-20 2001-06-12 G, MO, P Rakotonandrasana et al. 650 -17.685555 Savaharina 21 -48.995277 Zahamena 158 158 1 Vavatenina 4023241477 2001-06-12 2003-07-20 2001-06-12 G, MO, P Rakotonandrasana et al. 650 -17.685555 Savaharina 21 -48.995277 Zahamena 158 158 1 Vavatenina 4023240668 2003-07-30 G, MO, P Rakotonandrasana et al. 850 -17.725 Ambodimangavalo 21 48.743057 158 158 1 Vavatenina 4023241168 2003-07-20 MO, P Ranaivojaoana et al. 850 -17.725 Anivorano 21 48.743057 158 158 1 Lakato 4023241063 2004-11-21 G, MO, P A. Randrianasolo et al. 815 -19.124722 Ambalabe 21 48.392223 158 158 1 Vatomandry 4023241247 2007-06-02 A Lakato 1081 true -19.159166 Lakato 21 48.577778 158 158 1 4023241252 2000-07-16 MO, P Zahamena PN 880 -17.474445 Zahamena 21 48.736668 158 158 1 4023241356 2000-07-16 G, MO, P Manakambahiny & Zahamena PN 880 -17.474445 Zahamena 21 48.736668 158 158 1 Manakambahiny 4023241494 2008-11-09 MO, P, TAN Ratolojanahary et al. 1100 -17.655556 Analamay 21 48.906113 158 158 1 4023240654 2000-10-25 CNARP, MO, P, TEF Ratovoson et al. 970 -18.810555 Moango 21 48.341667 158 158 1 Ambodimangavalo 4023241180 2007-06-07 G, MO, P, TAN Ravelonarivo 1000 -18.810555 Menalamba 21 48.341667 158 158 1 Ambatovy 4023241123 2007-08-03 G, MO, P, TAN Razanatsima et al. 922 -18.810555 Ankeniheny 21 48.341667 158 158 1 4023240476 2009-02-19 MO, TAN Razanatsima et al. 536 -19.130556 Ambinanindrano 21 48.53611 158 158 1 Ambalabe 4023241299 2006-12-11 G, MO, P, TAN, II Ambalabe & Ambinanindrano 1139 -19.130556 Ampitambe 21 48.53611 158 158 1 Moramanga 4023240697 1951-06-08 TEF Service Forestier -18.966667 Beravina 1273 48.266666 158 158 1 Perinet 4023241269 1954-06-10 MO, P Ampasimazava & Service Forestier -19.108334 Moramanga 21 48.24167 158 158 1 Moramanga 4023240449 1965-11-18 MO, P, TEF Service Forestier 900 -19.108334 Sandrangato 21 48.24167 158 158 1