Noronhia linearifolia A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands Hong-Wa, Cynthia Boissiera 2016 2016-10-21 70 1 292 6SB9T 1296296 H. Perrier H. Perrier [501,892,380,408] Magnoliopsida Oleaceae Noronhia Plantae Lamiales 148 148 Tracheophyta species linearifolia    Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana:  Nde Madagascar, baie de Rigny, Port Lewen, [ 12°45’S 49°43’E], III-IV.1849, Boivin 2451(holo-: P[ P00608381]!; iso-: P[ P00608382]!).   Description  Shrubsto small trees to 6 mtall, trunk to 7 cmdiameter; young twigs cylindrical, 0.6-1.3 mmdiameter, glabrous; bark medium gray, smooth to slightly rugose. Leavesopposite, persistent; bud scales persistent; blades medium green above, lighter below, linear, 3-8 3 0.5-1.3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base rounded, margin revolute, apex retuse (rarely mucronulate), the mucro 1-2.5 mmlong, midrib flat to slightly sunken, raised below, secondary veins inconspicuous, 5-13 per side, 3-12 mmapart, looping 0.5- 1.6 mmfrom the margin; petiole medium gray, 1.5-6 3 0.2-1.4 mm, entirely woody, glabrous. Flowerssolitary; pedicel 2.5-5.5 mmlong, glabrous; calyx sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes widely ovate, 1.1-1.8 3 1-2.1 mm; corolla reddish-brown tinged white, urceolate, 3.8-7 mmlong, glabrous on both sides, the tube 3-5.5 mmlong, lobes ovate, apex rounded; corona present, 1-2 mmlong, lobed; stamens 1.7-2.4 mmlong, anthers ovate, 1.3-1.8 mmlong; pistil 2-3 mmlong, stigma capitate. Fruitingpedicel 2-8 3 0.8-1.6 mm; young fruits green, reddish black when mature, ovoid, 7-14 3 5-11 mm, smooth, sometimes covered with a white pellicle, apex flat to apiculate; dry pericarp 0.5-1.9 mmthick; endocarp woody; seed 6.5-9.5 3 4-5.5 mm.   Distribution, ecology and phenology   Noronhia linearifoliaoccurs in littoral to low-elevation dry forests in the north, from Orangéa (Oronjia) to Vohémar ( Fig. 27). It produces flowers and fruits throughout the year except in March and April.   Conservation status The assessment was based on 21 collections representing 18 localities and resulted in an EOO of 1,825 km 2, an AOO of 56 km 2, and 12 subpopulations representing 10 locations, of which five occur within the network of protected areas (Analamerana, Loky-Manambato, Montagne des Français, and Oronjia). Conversion of land into agricultural fields and pastures, wood harvesting, charcoal production, and in some cases gradual sea level rise constitute threats to some of the subpopulations, thereby reducing the EOO, AOO, habitat quality and number of mature individuals. Thus,  N. linearifoliais assigned a preliminary status of “Vulnerable” [VU B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)].   Notes   Noronhia linearifoliacan be recognized by its coriaceous, linear leaf blades with barely visible venation and its solitary, red flowers. It differs from  N. alleizetteiby its linear (vs. narrowly elliptic) leaf blades, solitary (vs. fasciculate), reddish brown (vs. white) flowers, and the presence (vs. absence) of a corona.   Additional specimens examined   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Analabolona, 3 kmà l’W d’Irodo, 12°37’21”S 49°30’01”E,  102 m,  20.VII.2004,  Beet al. 15( CNARP, MO, P, TAN);  Andrafiabe, Ambolobozokely, Ampasimena, 12°26’00”S 49°30’13”E,  35 m,  29.XII.2008,  Christianet al. 83( CNARP, G, MO, P, TAN);  Analamerana RS, 12°40’25”S 49°32’40”E,  41 m,  8. I.2002,  De Block1128( BR, G, K, MO, P, TAN, WAG);  Ramena, Andavakoera, 12°19’57”S 49°21’19”E,  172 m,  4.VIII.2007, Hong-Wa 526( CNARP, MO, P, TAN);  Analamera, [ 12°47’24”S 49°30’00”E],  50-400 m,   I.1938,  Humbert19114( P);   40 km Nof Vohémar, near Nend of Lac Sahaka, 13°04’45”S 49°54’17”E,  20 m,  3.XI.2002,  McPherson18876( MO, P, TEF);  Orangéa, 12°15’01”S 49°21’39”E,  50 m,  20. I.2003,  Milleret al. 10727( G, MO);  Vohémar, Anjiabe, Analabe, 13°04’50”S 49°54’07”E,  9.VII.2003,  Rabehevitraet al. 208( MO, P, TEF);  Ramena, forêt d’Orangéa, 12°14’45”S 49°21’20”E,  13-25 m,  4.IX.2001,  Rabenantoandro& Razanatsoa631( MO, P, TAN);  Vohémar, Anjiabe, forêt d’Anaboranoprès du Lac Sahaka, 13°04’42”S 49°54’13”E,  25 m,  2.XI.2002,  Rabenantoandroet al. 1103( MO, P, TAN);  ibid. loc., 13°04’43”S 49°54’04”E,  10 m,  23. II.2003,  Rabenantoandroet al. 1280( G, MO, P);  Ambolobozobe, Ankonahona, 12°31’S 49°32’E,  27.XI.2007,  Rakotonandrasanaet al. 1249( CNARP, MO, TAN);  Baie de Sakalava, 12°16’39”S 49°22’49”E,  21 m,  5.XI.2006,  Ranaivojaonaet al. 1506( G, MO, P, TAN);  Vohémar, Anjiabe, Anaborano, forêt d’Analabe, 13°04’09”S 49°54’08”E,  18 m,  21.VII.2004,  Randrianarivelo& Sola74( MO, P, TAN);  Andrafiabe, Sahafary, 12°35’43”S 49°26’54”E,  233 m,  11.IX.2004,  Razafitsalamaet al. 635( CNARP, MO, P, TAN) 4023240690 [454,958,615,642] M Antsiranana 148 148 1 Antsiranana holotype 4023241391 N, P de Rigny Madagascar -12.75 Port Lewen 1292 49.716667 148 148 P00608381, P00608382 1 holotype 4023240356 2004-07-20 CNARP, MO, P, TAN Be Madagascar Prov. 102 -12.6225 d'Irodo 21 49.50028 Analabolona 149 149 1 Antsiranana 4023241089 2008-12-29 CNARP, G, MO, P, TAN Christian Madagascar Andrafiabe 35 -12.433333 Ampasimena 21 49.503613 Ambolobozokely 149 149 1 4023240322 2002-01-08 I, BR, G, K, MO, P, TAN, WAG Analamerana RS & De Block Madagascar 41 -12.673612 21 49.544445 149 149 1 4023240967 2007-08-04 CNARP, MO, P, TAN Madagascar 172 -12.3324995 Andavakoera 21 49.355278 Ramena 149 149 1 4023240306 [454,1375,604,631] 1938-01 I, P Humbert Madagascar 225 -12.790001 Analamera 21 49.5 149 149 1 4023240621 2002-11-03 N, MO, P, TEF McPherson Madagascar 20 -13.079166 Lac Sahaka 21 49.904724 149 149 1 4023241377 2003-01-20 I, G, MO Miller Madagascar 50 -12.2502775 Orangea 21 49.360832 149 149 1 4023241128 2003-07-09 MO, P, TEF Rabehevitra Madagascar Vohemar -13.080556 Analabe 21 49.901947 Anjiabe 149 149 1 4023241156 2001-09-04 MO, P, TAN Rabenantoandro & Razanatsoa Madagascar 19 -12.245833 d'Orangea 21 49.355553 Ramena 149 149 1 4023240745 2002-11-02 MO, P, TAN Rabenantoandro Madagascar Vohemar 25 -13.078333 d'Anaborano 21 49.903614 Anjiabe 149 149 1 4023240589 2003-02-23 II, G, MO, P Rabenantoandro Madagascar Vohemar 10 -13.078611 d'Anaborano 21 49.90111 Anjiabe 149 149 1 4023240777 2007-11-27 CNARP, MO, TAN Rakotonandrasana Madagascar -12.516666 Ankonahona 1293 49.533333 Ambolobozobe 149 149 1 4023240461 2006-11-05 G, MO, P, TAN Ranaivojaona Madagascar 21 -12.2775 Baie de Sakalava 21 49.380276 149 149 1 4023241419 2004-07-21 MO, P, TAN Randrianarivelo & Sola Madagascar Vohemar 18 -13.069166 Anaborano 21 49.902225 Anjiabe 149 149 1 4023240577 2004-09-11 CNARP, MO, P, TAN Razafitsalama Madagascar 233 -12.595278 Sahafary 21 49.448334 Andrafiabe 149 149 1