Zorocrates fusca Simon, 1888: 212 Zorocrates fuscus : Simon, 1892: 230 Zorocrates cf. guerrerensis : Silva, 2003: 41 A Revision of the Spider Genus Zorocrates Simon (Araneae, Zorocratidae) PLATNICK, NORMAN I. UBICK, DARRELL American Museum Novitates 2007 2007-06-28 3579 1 44 5D89F Simon : Simon 1892 [824,1104,757,781] Arachnida Zoropsidae Zorocrates Animalia Araneae 4 5 Arthropoda species fuscus      Zorocrates fusca  Simon, 1888: 212( two female syntypesfrom Guanajuato, Mexico, in MNHN, examined).     Zorocrates fuscus: Simon, 1892: 230(emendation of gender).     Zorocratescf. guerrerensis: Silva, 2003: 41, fig. 13a.  NOTE: In the original description, the type locality is presented only as ‘‘Mexique’’ but Simon later (1895b: 106) specified ‘‘Mexique central’’ and that later restriction corroborates the current label with the syntypes, which indicates that the specimens were collected in Guanajuato, Mexico, by Dugès.  DIAGNOSIS: Males resembles those of  Z. unicolorbut have a longer, fingerlike (rather than ledge-shaped) proximal lobe on the retrolateral tibial apophysis, a distally rounded median apophysis ( figs. 2, 3), and a ventrally shorter tegular apophysis; the median apophysis does have a small, subdistal denticle, but it is directed dorsally and is therefore easy to overlook in ventral view (the denticle is more prolaterally directed and conspicuous in males of  Z. unicolor). Females also resemble those of  Z. unicolorbut have deeper epigynal pockets with smaller, more medially situated openings connected to anteriorly expanded margins that parallel a longitudinal ridge between the pocket and the epigynal midpiece ( fig. 4).  MALE: Total length 14. Carapace light brown with dusky triangular markings radiating from thoracic groove; abdomen gray, with lighter cardiac spot, posterior one-fifth with chevron pattern; femora light brown, more distal leg segments grading to brown on metatarsi and tarsi. Leg spination: femora: I r1-1-2; II p0-1-2, r1-1-2; III p1-1-1; IV r0-0-2; patellae IV r0-1-0; tibiae III r1-0-1; metatarsi I p1-1-1, v2-2-0, r1-1-0. Cribellum present. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short, with fingerlike proximal lobe; median apophysis hook-shaped, distally rounded; tegular apophysis sharply pointed ( figs. 1–3). Map 1. Records of the  Zorocrates fuscusgroup (excluding  Z. unicolor):  Z. fuscus(dots),  Z. guerrerensis(triangles; suspect record from Panamanot plotted),  Z. gnaphosoides(circles),  Z. ocampo(open squares),  Z. mordax(filled square). FEMALE: Total length 16. Coloration as in male. Leg spination: femora: I, II p0-1-1, r1-1-0; IV p2-0-1, r0-0-1; patellae IV p0-0-0, r0-1-0; tibiae: I, II d0-0-0, p0-0-0, r0-0-0; III r1-0-1; IV r2-0-1; metatarsi: I p0-0-0, r0-0-0; II p0-0-0, r0- 0-1; III p1-1-2, r1-1-2; IV v3-2-2. Cribellum present. Epigynal midpiece triangular, with transverse anterior ledge; lateral pockets present, with relatively small openings; spermathecae with short anterior lobes ( figs. 4, 5).    MATERIALEXAMINED: MEXICO:  Distrito Federal:no specific locality,  Sept. 1940( F. Bonet, AMNH), 13,  Oct. 20, 1942( R. IbarraH., AMNH), 13,  Dec. 15, 1949(AMNH), 13,  May 1955(AMNH), 1♀, Mar. 1956(UNAM), 13, Sept. 2, 1958(UNAM), 13, Nov. 1958(UNAM), 13; Azcapotzalco, Oct. 27, 2002(UNAM), 1♀; Col. Medellín, Oct. 31, 1941(AMNH), 13; Contreras, Aug.9, 1942, elev. 2800 m(C. Bolivar, AMNH), 1♀, Mar. 4, 1944(M. Cardenas, AMNH), 1♀;  Coyoacán,  Sept. 1946, elev.  2300 m( H. Wagner, AMNH), 13,  Nov. 1, 2000(AMNH), 23; Cuauhtémoc,  Mar. 2000, in house (UNAM), 1♀;  Mexico City,  Oct. 1945(H. Wagner, AMNH), 13, winter 1945–1946, in house ( H. Wagner, AMNH), 13,  Dec. 25, 1975, on building downtown ( V. Roth, AMNH), 1♀;  Miguel Hidalgo,  Nov. 20, 2001, on patio (UNAM), 13; Pedregales,  July–Aug. 1909, under stone ( A. Petrunkevitch, AMNH), 1♀,  Petregal[probably Pedregal],  Oct. 2, 1947( H. Wagner, AMNH), 13.  Guanajuato:no specific locality ( Dugès, MNHN AR230), 2♀( syntypes).  Guerrero:summit,  4 miW Cacahuamilpa, 18 °41 9N, 99 °34 9W,  Sept. 3, 1966( J., W. Ivie, AMNH), 1♀;   3 miN Chilpancingo,  Nov. 18, 1946(E. Ross, CAS), 1♀; 72.6 mi SE Ciudad Altamirano, 2.1 mi S Highway51 on road to Apaxtla,  Nov. 11, 1987, elev.  1520 m(V. Lee, CAS), 1♀;  Taxco,  Oct. 1945( L. Isaacs, AMNH), 13,  Apr. 1946( L. Isaacs, AMNH), 13;  3 kmSE Tuxpan,  Nov. 3, 1976, elev.  1768 m(E. Ross, CAS), 13, 2♀.   Hidalgo: Apulco, Oct.6, 1947 (H. Wagner, AMNH), 2♀;  ElTablón, 7 miSE Zimapán, 20 °40 9N, 99 °20 9W,  Aug. 19, 1964(gJ., W. Ivie, AMNH), 33 (identified from scanning electron micrographs by M. Ramírez);  2 mi.NE Jacala,  Sept. 1, 1946, elev.  1500 ft., pine-oak (C. Bogert, AMNH), 1♀;  Pachuca,  Jan. 28, 1943(AMNH), 1♀;  Parque Nacionale de El Chico,  June 28, 1943, elev.  3100 m(C. Bolivar, F. Bonet, Osorio, Pelaez, AMNH), 1♀;  Tasquillo, Tzindejeh, 20 °33 9N, 99 °19 9W,  July 29, 1966( J., W. Ivie, AMNH), 1♀;  Tulancingo, 1957 (UNAM), 33.  Jalisco: Jocotepec,  July 31, 1965( Conant, AMNH), 1♀; E end, Lago de Chapala,  Nov. 30, 1948(H. Leech, CAS), 2♀; W side, Laguna de Sayula,  July 30, 1964(W. Gertsch, J. Woods, AMNH), 2♀; 22.7 mi S Puerto Vallarta, Oct. 20, 1973(S. Williams, C. Mullinex, CAS), 1♀; 3.5 mi S Zocoalco, Aug. 18, 1959(C. Bogert, AMNH), 1♀.   México: Aculco, Route55 detour to San Joaquín,  Oct. 13, 2001, disturbed pasture, elev.  2485 m( O. Francke, E. González, UNAM), 13; Malinalco, ruin,  Oct. 25, 1973( S. Williams, C. Mullinex, CAS), 2♀;  Naucalpan,  Nov. 27, 1997, in house ( F. Alvarez, UNAM), 13; Reyes Iztacala,  Oct. 25, 2001, in house (C. Durán, AMNH), 13; San Juan Teotihuacán,  Nov. 4, 1939( C. Bogert, H. Vokes, AMNH), 1♀;  Tenancingo,  Sept. 27–Oct. 7, 1946, elev.  2050 m( H. Wagner, AMNH), 23, 6♀;  Tenango del Valle,  Aug. 25–26, 1946, elev.  2400 m( H. Wagner, AMNH), 13; Teotihuacánruins,  Aug. 13, 1977, elev.  7400 ft(C. Griswold, T. Meikle, CAS), 1♀;  Tonatico,  Dec. 1, 1996(UNAM), 13.  Michoacán: Jiquilpan, 19 °59 9N, 102 °41 9W,  May 9, 1963( W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 3♀;  Morelia, 19 °40 9N, 101 °12 9W,  May 8, 1963( W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 3♀;  Pátzcuaro,  Oct. 20–Nov. 13, 1955( C. Bogert, AMNH), 1♀;   24 miS Sahuayo on Highway15 to Morelia,  Oct. 23, 1973( S. Williams, C. Mullinex, CAS), 1♀;   3 kmE Tuxpan,  Jan. 6, 1989, elev.  1825 m(E. Ross, R. Stecker, CAS), 2♀;  Zamora,  Aug. 1, 1956( W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 1♀;  Zitácuaro,  Dec. 6, 1943, elev.  2000 m( C. Bolivar, AMNH), 1♀.   Morelos: Cuernavaca,  Apr. 1959( N. Krauss, AMNH), 1♀; N Cuernavaca, 18 °56 9N, 99 °14 9W, May 6, 1963(W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 3♀;  Oaxtepec,  May 17, 1942( Correa, Cardenas, AMNH), 1♀;  Tepoztlán,  Dec. 3, 1947(UNAM), 1♀.   Oaxaca:1.5 mi S Carrizal,  July 25, 1963, elev.  9500 ft( G. Sluder, AMNH), 1♀;  El Punto, road to Ixtlán de Juárez,  Aug. 19, 1961( C., M. Bogert, AMNH), 2♀;   5 miNE Mitla, near ‘‘ ElCrucero’’ ruins,  Aug. 27, 1963, on ridge, elev. ca.  6800–7200 ft(M. Bogert, G. Sluder, N. Bucknall, AMNH), 1♀;  Monte Alban,  Dec. 11, 1943( E. Ross, CAS), 1♀; 0.5 mi E Nochixtlán,  1 miSE El Palmar,  Dec. 11, 1948(E. Ross, CAS), 1♀;   9 miS Nochixtlán, 17 °20 9N, 97 °12 9W,  May 1, 1963(W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 1♀.   Puebla: Acultzingo,  July 4, 1963(AMNH), 2♀;  Ozumbilla, 18 °37 9N, 97 °25 9W,  Apr. 25, 1963( W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, AMNH), 1♀;  Tehuacán,  Nov. 8, 1939( C. Bogert, H. Vokes, AMNH), 2♀;  3 miNE Zacatepec on Route140,  June 30, 1963(AMNH), 1♀.   San Luis Potosı´: Route  70, 70 miW Valles,  Feb. 19, 1970, under roadside stone ( J. Cooke, AMNH), 1♀.   Tlaxcala: Tlaxcala,  July 26, 1956( W. Gertsch, V. Roth, AMNH), 1♀.   Veracruz: Carrizal,  Feb. 10, 1948( H. Wagner, AMNH), 1♀;  Jalapa(BMNH 1905.4.28.1341- 1346), 1♀;  Orizaba( Eislin, Vaslit, MCZ 56234), 1♀;  Perote,  June 30, 1946( H. Wagner, AMNH), 1♀;  Zongolica,  Mar. 1983(AMNH), 1♀.   Zacatecas:  20 kmE Tlaltenango,  Sept. 14, 1984(W. Pulawski, CAS), 1♀.  DISTRIBUTION: Central and southern Mexico(map 1);  one femalesupposedly taken at St. Ann’s, Trinidad(  Aug. 13, 1958, M. Nieves, AMNH) is presumed to be either mislabeled or introduced. [892,1084,851,873] Mexico Guanajuato 4 5 1 1 Guanajuato syntype Mexico Duges 4 5 1 Guanajuato syntype 1940-09 1955-05 1940-09 MATERIAL F. Bonet & R. Ibarra Mexico Distrito Federal 6 7 1 1 Distrito Federal 1946-09 2000-11-01 1946-09 MATERIAL H. Wagner & Cuauhtemoc Mexico 2300 Coyoacan 6 7 1 1 Distrito Federal 1945-10 1975-12-25 1945-10 MATERIAL Wagner & H. Wagner & V. Roth Mexico Mexico City 6 7 1 1 Distrito Federal 1909-07 2001-11-20 1909-07 MATERIAL Pedregales & A. Petrunkevitch Mexico Miguel Hidalgo 6 7 1 1 Distrito Federal 1947-10-02 1966-09-03 1947-10-02 MATERIAL H. Wagner & Duges & J., W. Ivie Mexico 18.685833 Petregal 21 -99.56917 6 7 3 3 Guanajuato syntype 1946-11-18 MATERIAL Ross Mexico 3 mi N Chilpancingo 6 7 1 1 Guanajuato syntype 1987-11-11 MATERIAL SE Ciudad Altamirano & S Highway & Lee Mexico 1520 Apaxtla 6 7 1 1 Guanajuato syntype 1945-10 1976-11-03 1945-10 MATERIAL L. Isaacs & Ross Mexico 1768 Taxco 6 7 2 2 Guanajuato syntype 1947-10-06 MATERIAL Wagner Mexico Hidalgo 6 7 2 2 Hidalgo syntype 1946-09-01 1964-08-19 1946-09-01 MATERIAL W. Ivie & M. Ramirez & Bogert Mexico 457 7 8 20.669167 Zimapan 21 -99.33584 El 6 7 1 1 Hidalgo syntype 1943-01-28 MATERIAL Mexico Pachuca 7 8 1 1 Hidalgo syntype 1943-06-28 MATERIAL Bolivar & Bonet & Osorio & Pelaez Mexico 3100 Parque Nacionale de El Chico 7 8 1 1 Hidalgo syntype 1966-07-29 MATERIAL J., W. Ivie Mexico 20.5525 Tzindejeh 21 -99.31917 Tasquillo 7 8 1 1 Hidalgo syntype 1965-07-31 MATERIAL Conant Mexico Jocotepec Tulancingo 7 8 1 1 Jalisco syntype 1948-11-30 MATERIAL Leech Mexico Lago de Chapala 7 8 2 2 Jalisco syntype 1964-07-30 MATERIAL Gertsch & Woods Mexico Laguna de Sayula 7 8 2 2 Jalisco syntype 1973-10-25 2001-10-13 1973-10-25 MATERIAL O. Francke & E. Gonzalez & S. Williams & C. Mullinex Mexico Aculco 2485 San Joaquin Route 7 8 2 2 Mexico syntype 1939-11-04 2001-10-25 1939-11-04 MATERIAL F. Alvarez & Duran & C. Bogert & H. Vokes Mexico Naucalpan San Juan Teotihuacan Reyes Iztacala 7 8 1 1 Mexico syntype 1946-09-27 1946-10-07 1946-09-27 MATERIAL H. Wagner Mexico 2050 Tenancingo 7 8 6 6 Mexico syntype 1946-08-25 1977-08-13 1946-08-25 MATERIAL H. Wagner & Griswold & T. Meikle Mexico 2400 Teotihuacan Tenango del Valle 7 8 1 1 Mexico syntype 1963-05-09 1996-12-01 1963-05-09 MATERIAL W. Gertsch & W. Ivie Mexico 19.985834 Jiquilpan 21 -102.68584 Tonatico 7 8 3 3 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1963-05-08 MATERIAL W. Gertsch & W. Ivie Mexico 19.669167 Morelia 21 -101.2025 7 8 3 3 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1955-10-20 1955-11-13 1955-10-20 MATERIAL C. Bogert Mexico Patzcuaro 7 8 1 1 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1973-10-23 MATERIAL S. Williams & C. Mullinex Mexico Morelia 7 8 1 1 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1989-01-06 MATERIAL Ross & Stecker Mexico 1825 3 km E Tuxpan 7 8 2 2 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1956-08-01 MATERIAL W. Gertsch & W. Ivie Mexico Zamora 7 8 1 1 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1943-12-06 MATERIAL C. Bolivar Mexico 2000 Zitacuaro 7 8 1 1 Michoacan de Ocampo syntype 1959-04 MATERIAL N. Krauss Mexico Cuernavaca 7 8 1 1 Morelos syntype 1942-05-17 MATERIAL Correa & Cardenas Mexico Oaxtepec 7 8 1 1 Morelos syntype [88,607,1577,1605] 1947-12-03 MATERIAL Mexico Tepoztlan 7 8 1 1 Morelos syntype 1963-07-25 MATERIAL S Carrizal & G. Sluder Mexico 2896 Oaxaca 7 8 1 1 Oaxaca syntype 1961-08-19 MATERIAL El Punto & C., M. Bogert Mexico Ixtlan de Juarez 7 8 2 2 Oaxaca syntype 1963-08-27 MATERIAL Bogert & G. Sluder & N. Bucknall Mexico 2134 El 7 8 1 1 Oaxaca syntype 1943-12-11 MATERIAL E. Ross Mexico Monte Alban 7 8 1 1 Oaxaca syntype 1948-12-11 MATERIAL Ross Mexico Nochixtlan 7 8 1 1 Oaxaca syntype 1963-05-01 MATERIAL Gertsch & W. Ivie Mexico 17.335835 9 mi S Nochixtlan 21 -97.2025 7 8 1 1 Oaxaca syntype 1963-07-04 MATERIAL Mexico Acultzingo 7 8 2 2 Puebla syntype 1963-04-25 MATERIAL W. Gertsch & W. Ivie Mexico 18.619167 Ozumbilla 21 -97.41917 7 8 1 1 Puebla syntype 1939-11-08 MATERIAL C. Bogert & H. Vokes Mexico Tehuacan 7 8 2 2 Puebla syntype 1963-06-30 MATERIAL Mexico Zacatepec on Route 7 8 1 1 Puebla syntype 1970-02-19 MATERIAL J. Cooke Mexico Route San Luis Potosi' 7 8 1 1 Puebla syntype 1956-07-26 MATERIAL W. Gertsch & V. Roth Mexico Tlaxcala 7 8 1 1 Tlaxcala syntype 1948-02-10 MATERIAL H. Wagner Mexico Carrizal 7 8 1 1 Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave syntype MATERIAL Mexico Jalapa 7 8 1 1 Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave syntype MCZ 56234 MATERIAL Mexico Orizaba Vaslit Eislin 7 8 1 1 Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave syntype 1946-06-30 MATERIAL H. Wagner Mexico Perote 7 8 1 1 Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave syntype 1983-03 MATERIAL Mexico Zongolica 7 8 1 1 Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave syntype 1984-09-14 MATERIAL Pulawski Mexico 20 km E Tlaltenango 7 8 1 1 Zacatecas syntype 1958-08-13 Trinidad and Tobago St. Ann's 7 8 1 1