Bryozoa from the reefs off the Amazon River mouth: checklist, thirteen new species, and notes on their ecology and distribution Ramalho, Laís V. Moraes, Fernando C. Salgado, Leonardo T. Bastos, Alex C. Moura, Rodrigo L. Zootaxa 2021 2021-03-29 4950 1 1 45 Ramalho & Moraes Ramalho & Moraes & Salgado & Bastos & Moura 2021 [151,684,1441,1468] Gymnolaemata Microporidae Micropora Animalia Cheilostomatida 6 7 Bryozoa species amapaensis sp. nov.  ( Fig. 4A–C)   Material examined.  Holotype: MNRJBRY-1408;  Paratype: MNRJBRY-1429: both from Brazil, Amapá state( Sta#3, 03°35.4267’N– 049°07.6028’W),  90 m, on rhodoliths,  26 September 2014, collected by Fernando Moraes& Rodrigo Moura(NHo Cruzeiro do Sul).   Etymology.Referring to the typelocality, Amapá state, Northern Brazil.   Diagnosis.Autozooids with paired, smooth tubercles lateral to orifice; oval to slit-like, asymmetrical opesiules, aligned with tubercles; proximal border of the opesia with a distinct straight and incomplete bar; avicularia absent; smooth, rounded triangular ovicell, closed by zooidal operculum.   Description.Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar. Autozooids disposed regularly in quincunx, separated by fine sutures, polygonal, slightly longer than wide [L 359–434–503 (SD 48, N 17); W 259–358– 421 µm(SD 38, N 20)], distally rounded ( Fig. 4A–B). Cryptocyst granular raised proximally to the opesia, perforated by small and scattered pseudopores ( Fig. 4B) with radial spines ( Fig. 4C). A pair of smooth tubercles located laterally to the orifice. Opesiules large, oval to slit-like [L 56–67– 85 µm(SD 7, N 20)], paired, asymmetrical in size and shape, aligned with the tubercles ( Fig. 4B). Opesia transversally D-shaped, wider than long [L 61–74–90 (SD 8, N 19); W 110–128– 143 µm(SD 8, N 19)], distal part smooth, proximal border with a distinct straight and incomplete bar not touching the proximal corners ( Fig. 4B). Ovicell wider than long [L 84–118– 137 µm(SD 24, N 4); Wmax (proximal width) 182–191– 201 µm(SD 8, N 4), Wmin (distal width) 60–85– 107 µm(SD 18, N 5)], smooth, rounded triangular, sometimes slightly raised distally, occupying part of the proximal region of the next distal zooid; aperture closed by zooidal operculum ( Fig. 4B). Avicularia absent.   Remarks.Three species of  Microporaare known from Brazil:  M. acuminata Winston, 2005and  M. angustiscapulis Winston et al., 2014from Bahia state, and  M. nodimagnaRamalho & Caliari, 2015from Rio Grande do Sul state. The ovicell surface of  M. acuminatais beaded with a sharp ridge;  M. nodimagnahas a very large orificial tubercle, smooth ovicell with a triangular, medially displaced suture, and several transverse lines on the proximal region; both  M. angustiscapulisand  M. amapaensisRamalho & Moraes  n. sp.lack avicularia, but the former species has smaller zooids (L 342–396– 450 µm, W 234–291– 360 µm), smaller orifice (L 45–51– 54 µm, W 90–101– 108 µm), raised, beaded cryptocyst edges, tubercles just below the proximal rim on either sides of the orifice, and opesiules narrower and shorter ( 5 µm). Winston et al. (2014)did not observe any complete ovicells in  M. angustiscapulis. There are two other species of  Microporalacking interzooidal avicularia:  M. coriacea inarmata Soule, 1959, recorded from the Pacific Ocean, which has minute, knob-like tubercles, two small distal opesiules and ovicells lacking the triangular smooth calcification observed in  M. amapaensisRamalho & Moraes  n. sp.; and  M. mawatarii Arakawa, 2016, described from Japanand with larger zooids (L 300–860 µm, W 230–720 µm), smooth gymnocyst, small tubercles and elliptical or circular small opesiules, contrasting with the large, oval to slit-like opesiules of the new species. Pseudopores with inner radiating denticulation seems to be a common character in  Micropora, being mentioned in several species from different regions and geological ages (e.g., the Recent  M. angustiscapulisfrom Brazil,  M. mawatariand  M. okadai Silén, 1942both from Japan, and the Pliocene  M. stellata Di Martino et al., 2019from Florida). 3069284301 [403,729,1550,1576] MNRJBRY 6 7 MNRJBRY-1408 1 holotype 3069123305 2014-09-26 Fernando Moraes & Rodrigo Moura Brazil 90 3.590445 Cruzeiro do Sul 1 -49.126713 Sta 6 7 1 Amapa paratype