Xenocheira fasciata PirlOT, 1938: 335 Xenocheira pirloti Moore, 1988: 718 Review of Xenocheira Haswell, 1879 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Aoridae) Hughes, Lauren Elizabeth Records of the Australian Museum 2017 2017-09-06 69 4 223 236 7Z74P Moore, 1988 Moore 1988 [284,676,151,178] Malacostraca Aoridae Xenocheira Animalia Amphipoda 8 231 Arthropoda species pirloti   Figs 7–10     Xenocheira fasciata. —  PirlOT, 1938: 335, fiG. 150.   Xenocheira pirloti Moore, 1988: 718.     Typematerial. Stat. 273, Pulu Jedan, Aru Islands[Iles Aru],  23–26 December 1899, shell sand [sable coquillier], 13 m, 3 males. (Material not found, pers. comm. K. Van Dorp January 2016)  Material examined.   Northern Territory, Australia: 1 a male, 7 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018973; 1 b male, 7.1 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018974; 1 c male, 8 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018975; 1 d male, 9 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018976.; 1 e female, 9.2 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018977; 1 f female, 5.4 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018978; 1 gfemale, 5 mm, dissected, 1 slide, NTM Cr018979; 12 specimens( 4 maleand 6 females), NTM Cr015901, Dawson Rock, Bynoe Harbour, 12°42'17.38"S 130°35'33.42"E,  12 m, sponge sample,  9 June 2003, coll. B. Glasby et al.. 1 maleand 4 females, NTM Cr015886, Table Head, Port Essington, 11°13'30"S 132°10'30"E, algae and reef rock,  14 May 1983; 3 maleand 2 femalespecimens, NTM Cr011679, north of Oliver Reef, Vernon Islands, Beagle Gulf, 12°1.02'S 130°58.86'E,  30 m, rocky bottom,  11 October 1993, coll. K. E. Coombes, FV Kunmunyah(Beagle Gulf Marine Park Survey).    Western Australia: 1 male, 12 mm, and  1 female, 13.2 mm, WAM C27165, Dampier Archipelago, 20°41'S 116°33'E,  23 July 1999, coll. S. Slack-Smith(DA2/99/68).   Variation. With increasing size, the male gnathopod 1 propodus becomes less elongate and more bulbous, as the posterior margin reduces and the anterior margin becomes more convex ( Fig. 8).   Remarks. PirlOT (1936) idenTified 3 specimensfrOm The ArU Islands as  Xenocheira fasciata Haswell, 1879. Based on Pirlot’s illustrations of gnathopods 1 and 2, Moore (1988)considered the variation in gnathopod 1 propodus length siGnificanTlY differenT frOm  X. fasciataand established the new species name  X. pirlotifor the Aru Islands material without examining Pirlot’s original specimens. Pirlot’s material from the Siboga Expedition is currently held by the Department Invertebrates, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Recent contact with the curator for Crustacea, Chelicerata and Myriapoda Karen VanDOrp cOnfirmed ThaT The TYpemaTerial (eiTher slide Or wet preparations) of  X. pirloticould not be located and for now is considered presumed lost. Assessment of a large set of tropical Australiacollections of  Xenocheira pirlotiincluded large adult males, gravid females and a range of smaller specimens has revealed the Aru Islands material are juvenile specimens of indeterminate sex and not adult males. A growth series of material is presented here to demonstrate the full development range of  X. pirloti. This present description of additional material of  X. pirlotisupports this species as distinct from  X. fasciata. Xenocheira pirlotiis known from tropical waters in northern Australiaand the Banda Sea in the Indonesian Archipelago while  X. fasciataoccurs in temperate waters along east coast and southern Australiaincluding Tasmania.  Figure 8.  Xenocheira pirloti Moore, 1988, male, 7.0 mm, NTM Cr018973, male*, 7.1 mm, NTM Cr018974, male**, 8 mm, NTM Cr018975, male***, 9 mm, NTM Cr018976, Dawson Rock, Bynoe Harbour, Northern Territory (scale 0.1 mm).   Xenocheira pirlotiis most similar to  X. fasciatain the male gnathopod 1 propodus palm with sinus.  Xenocheira pirlotihas an acute gnathopod 1 propodus palm while  X. fasciatahas an obtuse palm. See also remarks for  X. fasciata. Distribution. Indonesia: Pulu Jedan, Aru Islands (Pirlot, 1936). Australia. Northern Territory: Beagle Gulf, Port Essington, Bynoe Harbour, Dampier Archipelago (current study). 1899-12-23 1899-12-26 1899-12-23 Pulu Jedan Aru Islands 8 231 1 holotype 1983-05-14 2003-06-09 1983-05-14 B. Glasby & Cr & Beagle Gulf & K. E. Coombes & FV Kunmunyah Australia Vernon Islands 12 -12.017 Cr 13 130.981 Oliver Reef 8 231 32 12 8 Northern Territory [166,493,831,851] Western Australia 8 231 1 1 Western Australia C27165 1999-07-23 S. Slack-Smith -20.683332 1266 116.55 8 231 1 1 Western Australia