Pholcus schwendingeri Huber, 2011: 183–184 The Southeast Asian Pholcus halabala species group (Araneae, Pholcidae): new data from field observations and ultrastructure Berhard A. Huber Booppa Petchard Charles Leh Moi Ung Joseph K. H. Koh Amir R. M. Ghazali European Journal of Taxonomy 2016 2016-04-14 190 190 1 55 9473J Huber, 2011 Huber 2011 [577,1011,267,294] Arachnida Pholcidae Pholcus Animalia Araneae 43 44 Arthropoda species schwendingeri   Figs 150–152, 171–183, 190–192    Pholcus schwendingeri Huber, 2011: 183–184, figs 761–763, 823–825 ( ♂).    Diagnosis Easily distinguished from congeners by combination of very long male eye stalks ( Figs 173–174), by male palpal morphology (twisted segments; strong trochanter apophysis; procursus with large prolateral process; simple appendix; absence of uncus; Figs 178–180; see also figs 823–824 in Huber 2011); from other species in  buatonggroup also by female internal genitalia ( Fig. 192; wider than long in contrast to  Ph. satun; with angular anterior ‘valve’ in contrast to  Ph. buatong sp. nov.).    New material examined   THAILAND: 3 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀, ZFMK( Ar 15049–50), Ranong, Klong Nakha Wildlife Sanctuary( 9°27.6' N, 98°30.7' E) (type locality),  40 ma.s.l., forest, leaf litter,  12 Mar. 2015( B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad);  4 ♀♀, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK( Mal 362), same data;  20 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀, ZFMK( Ar 15051–52), Surat Thani, Khao Sok National Park, forest along nature trail( 8°54.8' N, 98°29.3'– 98°30.5' E), leaf litter,  110–160 ma.s.l.,  11–12 Mar. 2015( B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad);  3 ♀♀, 3 juvs, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK( Mal 355), same data;  8 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, ZFMK( 7 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀, Ar 15053–54) and PSUZC( 1 ♂, 1 ♀),  Krabi, Khao Phanom Bencha National Park, trails near headquarters( 8°14.1' N, 98°55.1' E),  150–300 ma.s.l., leaf litter in forest,  8 Mar. 2015( B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad);  5 ♀♀, 1 juv., in absolute ethanol, ZFMK( Mal 339), same data;  1 ♂, RMNH, Khao Phanom Bencha National Park,  15 Dec. 1990( C.L. & P.R. Deeleman).    Description   Male – amendments Males from Khao Sok are significantly larger than males from Phanom Bencha: tibia 1 in 19 malesfrom Khao Sok: 7.4–8.9 (mean 8.0); in 7 malesfrom Phanom Bencha: 6.6–7.3 (mean 7.0). This difference is even more pronounced in eye stalk length: in 19 malesfrom Khao Sok: 0.70–0.78 (mean 0.74); in 8 malesfrom Phanom Bencha: 0.53–0.60 (mean 0.55). Males from Klong Nakha seem to be intermediate (low sample size). Angle between eye stalks varies even within localities (compare Figs 150 and 151). All males with process between eye stalks ( Fig. 177). Male tibia 2/tibia 4 length: 1.08. Patella dorsally widened, resulting in an angle between femur and patella of ~125° (lateral view; in figures 823 and 824 in Huber 2011, femora and patellae are not in perfect lateral view). Male gonopore with four epiandrous spigots ( Fig. 181). ALS as in female (see below).   Figs 184–192.Female genitalia, untreated in ventral view, cleared in ventral and dorsal views. 184– 186.  Pholcus buatongHuber, sp. nov. 187–189.  Ph. satun Huber, 2011. 190–192.  Ph. schwendingeri Huber, 2011.   Female In general similar to male ( Fig. 152), but eye triads on low humps and closer together ( Fig. 175; distance PME-PME: 185 µm); black marks in place of AME, but without lenses; clypeus unmodified. Tibia 1 in 10 femalesfrom Khao Sok: 5.6–6.3 (mean 6.0); in 9 femalesfrom Klong Nakha: 5.3–6.3 (mean: 5.7); in 10 femalesfrom Phanom Bencha: 4.7–5.5 (mean 5.3). Epigynum wider than long, mostly weakly sclerotized, with large dark ‘knob’ at posterior margin ( Fig. 182), anterior internal arch visible through cuticle ( Figs 171, 190–191). Internal genitalia as in Figs 172and 192. ALS with one widened, one pointed, and several (apparently six) smaller cylindrically-shaped spigots of varying sizes ( Fig. 183).    Natural history At all three localities, the species was fairly abundant in suitable forest patches with large numbers of large dead leaves on the ground. The poorly visible webs were closely attached to the lower leaf surface. The spiders barely reacted to disturbance.    Distribution Known from three localities in southern Thailand ( Fig. 153). 1575903910 forest, leaf litter 2015-03-12 ZFMK B. A. Huber & B. Petcharad Thailand 40 9.46 Klong Nakha Wildlife Sanctuary 129 98.511665 43 44 Ar 15049-50 12 9 3 Ranong 1575903901 forest, leaf litter 2015-03-12 ZFMK B. A. Huber & B. Petcharad Thailand 40 9.46 Klong Nakha Wildlife Sanctuary 129 98.511665 43 44 Mal 362 4 4 Ranong 1575903855 leaf litter 2015-03-11 2015-03-12 2015-03-11 ZFMK B. A. Huber & B. Petcharad Thailand 135 8.913333 Khao Sok National Park, forest along nature trail 129 98.50833 43 44 Ar 15051-52 32 12 20 Surat Thani 1575903892 leaf litter 2015-03-11 2015-03-12 2015-03-11 ZFMK B. A. Huber & B. Petcharad Thailand 135 45 46 8.913333 Khao Sok National Park, forest along nature trail 129 98.50833 43 44 Mal 355 6 3 3 Ranong 1575903881 leaf litter in forest 2015-03-08 PSUZC B. A. Huber & B. Petcharad Thailand 225 8.235 Khao Phanom Bencha National Park, trails near headquarters 129 98.918335 45 46 Ar 15053-54 36 20 16 Krabi 1575903887 [658,1373,338,365] ZFMK Thailand 45 46 Mal 339 6 5 1 Krabi 1575903894 1990-12-15 RMNH C. L. & P. R. Deeleman Thailand Khao Phanom Bencha National Park 45 46 1 1 Krabi