Uncovering the worldwide footprint of an ancient relictual lineage of harvestmen: new genus and species of Buemarinoidae from Australia (Opiliones: Laniatores: Triaenonychoidea) Porto, Willians Monod, Lionel Pérez-González, Abel CGNTS Porto & Monod & Pérez-González 2025 [357,440,275,302] Arachnida Buemarinoidae Phocyx CoL Animalia Opiliones 2 Arthropoda genus gen. nov.   Etymology Te genus name is a composite of the Latin word phōca, from the Ancient Greek φώΚΗ( ph ṓkē), that means ‘seals’ (Pinnipedia) plus the ending yx. Phocais used as a reference to the words bue marino, the Sardinian translation for monk seal, and consequently to the family Buemarinoidae, to which the genus described herein is allocated. Te ending yxis taken from the ending of the genus  Triaenonyx, typegenus of the nominal family-group taxon Triaenonychoidea, where Buemarinoidaebelongs.  Phocyxshould be treated as being masculine in gender.   Diagnosis Distinguishing features from the rest of Buemarinoidaegenera are notable. Te dorsal scutum and free tergites are notably covered by granules, encompassing the chelicerae and pedipalps, which contrasts with other species where the covering consists of a cerotegument or small granules restricted to the dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae I ─IV and free tergites, and only sometimes present on pedipalps.  Phocyx  gen. nov.also stands apart from  Buemarinoaand  Turonychusdue to its prominent conical ocularium, free from apophyses or tubercles and resembling that of  Fumontana. Te configuration of its penis aligns with the general bauplan found in all Buemarionidae members, but it exhibits an additional pair of apical processes and a dorsal aperture in the genital duct).   Type species  Phocyx australis  gen. nov. et sp. nov.  ( Figs 1–7)  ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 77166F8C-9539- 45C4-941C-5ACEB369ADF6.   Figure 3.  Phocyx australis  gen. nov. et sp. nov.SEM images of male. Habitus, dorsal (A–B), lateral (C–D), ventral (E–F). Scale bars: A–C, E–F (100 µm); D (20 µm).   Figure 4.  Phocyx australis  gen. nov. et sp. nov.SEM images of male. Chelicera, ectal (A), mesal (B). Pedipalp, ectal (C), mesal (D). Detail of microtrichia (E–F). Scale bars: A–D (100 µm); E (10 µm); F (1 µm).  Type material:  Holotype: ( AM) 1 ♂, AUSTRLIA, New South Wales: Depot Beach Kioloa State Forest, tamisage,  17.XII.1986, leg. D. Burckhardt.    Paratypes:( AM)  1 ♂ Samedata, SEM voucher. ( AM)  3 ♂ 2 ♀ Samedata. (MACN-Ar 45689)  1 ♂ 1 ♀ Samedata. (MHNG- ARTO-0034052)  3 ♂ 3 ♀ Samedata. ( AMex MHNG- ARTO-0034054)  1 ♂ 2 ♀AUSTRLIA, Clyde Mtsshire of Eurobodalla, pass on the Canberrato Batemans Bay, tamisage,  20.XII.1986, leg. D. Burckhardt.  Etymology:Te specific epithet  australisrefers to the southern continent, Australia, where the new species was found.  Diagnosis:Te same as for the genus.  Distribution: Australia, New South Wales( Fig. 1).  Description: Male (AM). Measurements (mm):Total length: 1.09, carapace length: 0.45, dorsal scutum length: 0.80, carapace max. width: 0.63, dorsal scutum max. width: 0.73. Appendage measurements. Pedipalp. Trochanter (tr): 0.11, femur (fe): 0.42, patella (pa): 0.27, tibia (ti): 0.32, tarsus (ta): 0.29. Leg I: trochanter (tr): 0.11, femur (fe): 0.42, patella (pa): 0.23, tibia (ti): 0.29, metatarsus (mt): 0.29, tarsus (ta): 0.23. Leg II: tr: 0.10, fe: 0.51, pa: 0.27, ti: 0.44, mt: 0.37, tr 0.42. Leg III: tr: 0.13, fe: 0.42, pa: 0.20, ti: 0.35, mt: 0.42, tr 0.25. Leg IV: tr: 0.15, fe: 0.50, pa: 0.25, ti: 0.44, mt: 0.55, tr 0.30. Tarsal count: 3–6–4–4.  Dorsum ( Figs 2A, C, 3A–D):Outline hourglass-shaped of Eta (η) type. Ocularium conical, pointed forward, eyes situated at the midpoint of the ocularium. Mesotergal scutum covered by granulae, carapace smaller than mesotergum, mesotergal areas not cleared defined (only visible on SEM images), areas I–IV with a row of setae, the posterior border of the free tergites with a row of granules.   Venter( Figs 2E, 3E–F):Coxae ventral surface covered by granules, coxa I–IV with sparse setae, almost all ventral surface covered by a cerotegument, except by the proximal coxae, proximal coxae II–III with a notable tubercle, three small bridges between coxae II–III, four small bridges between coxae III–IV and between IV and the abdomen, spiracles partially covered.  Chelicerae ( Fig. 4A–B):Covered by granulae, basicheliceritae bearing a small tubercle on dorso-distal surface, cheliceral hand with sparse setae.  Pedipalps ( Fig. 4C–F):Covered by granulae, trochanter with two dorsal small tubercles, femur bearing a ventral row of tubercles, the three longest with subdistal setae and two distal acute tubercles on the distal surface, mesal-distal surface with a tubercle bearing a subdistal setae, patella with three mesal and two ectal tubercles, tibia ventral surface bearing sparse small granulae, and three pairs of acute tubercles with subdistal setae, tarsus bearing four ectal and six mesal tubercles with setae.We detected the presence of microtrichias ( Fig. 4E–F) on some large setae of pedipalps, this is the first time that this notable feature has been reported in the family Buemarinoidae.   Figure 5.  Phocyx australis  gen. nov. et sp. nov.SEM images of male. Legs I (A), II (B), III (C), VI (D). Scale bars: A, B, D (100 µm); C (200 µm); claw of leg III (3 µm).   Figure 6.  Phocyx australis  gen. nov. et sp. nov.SEM images of male. Penis, ventral view (A–C), lateral view (D–F), dorsal view (G–I), apical view (J–K). Scale bars: A, D, G (100 µm); B, E (30 µm); C (5 µm); F, I, K (10 µm); H, J (20 µm).  Legs ( Fig. 5A–D):Femur I with four ventral setiferous tubercles. Trifurcated claws III–IV. Astragalus longer than calcaneus. Tarsal count: 3–6–4–4.  Genitalia ( Figs 6and 7):Pars distalis standard shape of the Buemarinoidae,that comprises a tubular capsula interna and a forked ventral plate.Capsula externa absent. Ventral plate bearing three ventral and two dorsal pairs of macrosetae. Capsula interna longer than the ventral plate, ventral view with a clef separating the capsula interna into two halves, distal capsula interna with a wide opening.  Description: Female ( Fig. 2B, D, F):Similar to male, presenting pedipalps smaller and less robust than males. Measurements (mm): Total length: 1.07, carapace length: 0.40, dorsal scutum length: 0.87, carapace max. width: 0.61, dorsal scutum max. width: 0.78. Appendage measurements. Pedipalp. Trochanter: 0.11, femur: 0.38, patella: 0.21, tibia: 0.29, tarsus: 0.31. Leg I: trochanter (tr): 0.12, femur (fe): 0.40, patella (pa): 0.18, tibia (ti): 0.26, metatarsus (mt): 0.27, tarsus (tr): 0.26. Leg II: tr: 0.12, fe: 0.47, pa: 0.24, ti: 0.42, mt: 0.35, tr 0.45. Leg III: tr: 0.13, fe: 0.37, pa: 0.19, ti: 0.34, mt: 0.41, tr 0.27. Leg IV: tr: 0.15, fe: 0.51, pa: 0.25, ti: 0.45, mt: 0.57, tr: 0.31. Tarsal count: 3–6–4–4. 1986-12-17 AM D. Burckhardt. Depot Beach Kioloa State Forest 5 1 1 New South Wales holotype [113,287,276,300] AM 5 1 paratype [287,662,275,300] AM Same 5 1 1 paratype Same 5 5 2 3 paratype Same 5 2 1 1 paratype AM Same 5 6 3 3 paratype 1986-12-20 D. Burckhardt. Batemans Bay Clyde Mts Canberra 5 3 2 1 paratype