Stenaelurillus nigricaudus Simon, 1886
Stenaelurillus nigricauda Simon, 1886: 351
Stenaelurillus nigritarsis Simon, 1886: 351
Stenaelurillus nigricaudus
Szűts & Scharff 2005: 372
Further notes on the genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1885 (Araneae, Salticidae) in Africa with descriptions of eight new species
Wesołowska, Wanda
Zoosystema
2014
2014-09-26
36
3
595
622
4ZTGW
Wesołowska, 2014
Wesołowska
2014
[784,1037,849,876]
Arachnida
Salticidae
Stenaelurillus
Animalia
Araneae
13
608
Arthropoda
species
modestus
sp. nov.
( Fig. 8)
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. South Africa, KwaZulu- Natal, Ndumo Game Reserve, 26°55’S, 32°16’E, leaf litter, broadleaf woodland, 30.VI.2009, leg. C. Haddad, R. Lyle & V. Butler, 1 ♂(NCA 2012/925). Paratypes.Together with holotype, 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀(NCA 2009/3661); same data, 1 ♂, 1 ♀( MRAC); same locality, 26°53’S, 32°11’E, grass litter in Acaciasavanna, 4.VII.2009, leg. C. Haddad, 1 ♂(NCA 2009/3662).
DIAGNOSIS. — The male is characterized by the palpal organ structure, its bulb is elongated with large triangular tegular apophysis and thin straight embolus. The female has epigyne with horseshoe-shaped depression, seminal ducts are longer than in congeners, their course characteristic ( Fig. 7E).
ETYMOLOGY. — The specific name is Latin, meaning “modest”, arbitrary name.
DISTRIBUTION. — Known only from the typelocality.
DESCRIPTION Measurements (male/female) Cephalothorax: length 2.0-2.4/2.6-2.7, width 1.5- 1.9/1.8-1.9, height 0.8-1.0/1.0-1.1. Abdomen: length 1.9-2.3/2.6-3.4, width 1.8-1.9/2.2-2.8. Eye field: length 0.9-1.0/0.9-1.0, anterior width 1.2- 1.4/1.4-1.5 posterior width 1.3-1.7/1.5-1.6. FIG. 8. — Stenaelurillus modestus n. sp., male and female, paratypes: A, palpal organ, ventral view; B, palpal organ, lateral view; C, organ, dorsal view; D, epigyne; E, internal structure of epigyne. Scale bars: A-C, 0.3 mm; D, E, 0.1 mm. Male Medium sized spider, carapace black, clothed in dense dark hairs, with pair white streaks starting from anterior eyes and extending almost to the posterior carapace edge, white hairs also on lateral sides.Long dense brown bristles on eye field, among them short thick setae on anterior section. Anterior eyes surrounded by short white hairs, some such hairs on clypeus. Mouth parts and sternum light brown. Abdomen shield-shaped, short and broad with anterior edge almost straight, black with delicate traces of lighter median band, two large light areas anteriorly and pair of small whitish round patches posteriorly, aligned to median band. Abdominal dorsum clothed in hairs correspond to background colour cover, clinging to surface. Long bristles on anterior margin of abdomen. Venter light brown with broad dark triangular patch. Spinnerets long, blackish. Legs brown, their spines and hairs dark. Pedipalps brown.Tibial apophysis pointed ( Fig. 8B, C), embolus straight ( Fig. 8A). Female Slightly larger than male, colouration similar, median band on abdomen broader, posterior patches absent, sides and venter mottled with dark dots. Legs brown with blackish rings formed by dark hairs. Epigyne with shallow central depression ( Fig. 8D), ventral structure as in Fig. 8E, copulatory openings placed laterally, seminal ducts run to mid of epigynal posterior edge, form small lop and next toward on front.
Stenaelurillus nigricaudus Simon, 1886( Fig. 9) Stenaelurillus nigricauda Simon, 1886: 351. — Berland & Millot 1941: 313, fig. 14. Stenaelurillus nigritarsis Simon, 1886: 351. — Caporiacco 1936: 79 (synonymized in Szűts & Scharff 2005). Stenaelurillus nigricaudus– Szűts & Scharff 2005: 372, figs 7a-c, 8a-d.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Mali, Ségou Region, Kassarola, 13°18’N, 4°54’W, IX.1969, leg. G. Pierrard, 1 ♂( MRAC 136820); Niger, Niamey, 13°31’N, 2°07’E, Millet Field, leg. J.M. Ritchie, 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀( NHM); Senegal, Dakar, 14°40’N, 17°26’W, VIII.1980, leg W. Settle, 2 ♂♂( CAS); Linguère, 15°24’N, 15°07’W, 22.VII.1991, leg. W. Puławski, 1 ♂( CAS); Ndangange, 45 kmSE from Mbour, 14°24’ N, 16°58’W, 26.VI.1991, leg. W.Puławski, 1 ♀( CAS). Holotypesof S. nigricaudusand S. nigritarsiskept in MNHN in Paris were lately redescribed and illustrated by Szűts & Scharff (2005).
DIAGNOSIS. — The palpal organ is distinguishable; the base of the embolus is placed in bulb’s recess, and the tip of bulb reaches to the end of embolus from prolateral side. The female is difficult to recognize from some other species, but flanges at copulatory openings are diagnostic.
DISTRIBUTION. — Known from Algeria, Gambiaand Senegal; in Nigerand Malirecorded for the first time.
REMARKS. — Although female of the species was mentioned by Caporiacco (1936) and Berland & Millot (1941), it has not been formally described. Szűts & Scharff (2005)found females in vials containing holotypesof S. nigricaudusand S. nigritarsis(not mentioned in the original descriptions), but in their opinion these females could be wrongly associated with the males.
REDESCRIPTION Measurements (male/female) Cephalothorax: length 1.9-2.1/2.4-2.7, width 1.5- 1.6/1.8-2.0, height 0.7-0.8/1.0-1.2. Abdomen: length 2.1-2.2/2.3-3.7, width 1.4-1.5/2.0-2.7. Eye field:length 0.7-0.9/0.8-0.9, anterior width 1.1/1.1- 1.3, posterior width 1.2/1.2-1.4. Male General appearance as in Fig. 9A. Carapace pearshaped, with short eye field, moderately high. Eye field black, thoracic part reddish brown, with pair of light stripes composed of white hairs on dorsum, second pair along lateral edges of carapace. Dense grey hairs on eye field, scarce brown bristles among them and on thoracic part, thick rod bristles on eye field anteriorly.Anterior eyes surrounded with small whitish scales. Clypeus low, light brown. Chelicerae with two very small teeth on promargin and single tooth on retromargin. Mouth parts and sternum dark yellow. Abdomen ovoid with straight anterior edge, reddish brown with wide median darker streak. Dorsum of abdomen clothed in clinging to surface hairs correspond to background colour, dense long bristles on anterior abdomen edge, in one specimenabdomen “bald” covered by large scutum, which occupies two thirds of its length. Sides and venter light. Spinnerets long, yellowish, posteriors with black tips. Legs dark yellow to light brown. First pair with blackish stripes along lateral surfaces of tibiae and metatarsi, tarsi black with black scopula. Leg hairs brown, spines long, numerous. Pedipalps dark brown or black, only cymbium light, femur and patella clothed in dense long light hairs (especially dense on prolateral side). Structure of palpal organ as in Fig. 9B-E, embolus with blunt tip ( Fig. 9F). FIG. 9. — Stenaelurillus nigricaudus Simon, 1886, male and female: A, general appearance of male; B, C, palpal organ, ventral view; D, palpal organ, lateral view; E, palpal organ, ventrolateral view; F, embolic division; G, H, epigyne; I, internal structure of epigyne. A, C -F, H, I, specimens from Niger; B, G, specimens from Senegal. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B-E, 0.3 mm; F, 0.1 mm; G-I, 0.1 mm. Female Slightly darker than male and lighter coloured. Carapace light brown, traces of white streaks on thoracic part, eye field blackish, covered with short grey hairs, among them numerous long brown bristles. Anterior eyes with rings composed of small whitish scales. Mouth parts as in male. Abdomen swollen, yellowish, with traces of two longitudinal darker streaks. Venter light. Legs dark yellow, with darker rings form by brown hairs. Epigyne with deep pocket at epigastric furrow and two round copulatory openings ( Fig. 9G, H). Copulatory openings encircled by delicate sclerotized flanges, seminal ducts short ( Fig. 9I).
2009-06-30
C. Haddad & Haddad, R & V. Butler
South Africa
-26.916666
Natal
1239
32.266666
Ndumo Game Reserve
13
608
1
1
holotype
[869,1153,1070,1094]
MRAC
13
608
2
1
1
paratype
2009-07-04
MRAC
C. Haddad
-26.883333
1239
32.183334
13
608
1
1
paratype
1969-09
MRAC
G. Pierrard
Serbia
13.3
Kassarola
1291
-4.9
Segou Region
15
610
MRAC 136820
1
1
NHM
Millet Field & J. M. Ritchie
Niger
13.516666
Niamey
1290
2.1166666
15
610
3
2
1
Niamey
1980-08
CAS
W. Settle
Senegal
14.666667
Dakar
1287
-17.433332
15
610
2
2
Dakar
1991-07-22
CAS
W. Pulawski
Senegal
15.4
Linguere
1285
-15.116667
15
610
1
1
Dakar
1991-06-26
CAS
W. Pulawski
Senegal
14.4
Mbour
1288
-16.966667
Ndangange
15
610
1
1
Dakar