Rehn & Rehn 1942 : 12 Liebermann 1955 : 333 Olivier 2014 : 457 Olivier & Aranda 2018 : 268 Review of Temnomastax Rehn & Rehn, 1942 (Orthoptera, Caelifera, Eumastacidae, Temnomastacinae) Olivier, Renan S. Pujol-Luz, Cristiane V. A. Graciolli, Gustavo Zootaxa 2019 2019-05-02 4593 1 1 78 Rehn & Rehn, 1942 Rehn & Rehn 1942 [151,651,944,970] Insecta Gryllidae Temnomastax Animalia Orthoptera 45 46 Arthropoda species latens   Figures 1, 4C, 5C, 6C, 7A, 8C, 9C, 10C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 18C, 22and 28A     Temnomastax latens  Rehn & Rehn 1942: 12(identification key), 16 ( Figures 3, 6, 9, 13, and 14), 21 (original description);  Liebermann 1955: 333(citation);  Olivier 2014: 457(citation), 460 ( Figure 6and identification key), 2017: 235 (citation);  Olivier & Aranda 2018: 268–275 (morphometric analysis).   Type locality.  Brazil, Minas Gerais, Lassance,  9–19.XI.1919( Cornell University Expedition; R.G. Harris)— holotype ♂[Type no.5627] and 1 allotype ♀.  Depository.  Holotype: Entomology Collectionat The Academy of Natural Sciencesof Dextrel University, Philadelphia, United States of America.   Etymology.Specific epithet alludes to the male cerci that is curved inward and downward being difficult to observe (from Latin. latens, ‘concealed’ or ‘hidden’) ( Rehn & Rehn 1942).   Diagnosis.Small ( ♂ 15.95 mm, ♀= 23.24 mm). Close to  T. monnei  sp. nov., but differs by the more protruding male eyes. Male tegmina reaching the epiproct and female tegmina reaching the 5 thabdominal tergite. 1 stabdominal tergite of female without distinct color. 7 thand 8 thabdominal tergites and 8 thand 9 thabdominal sternites of male yellow. Male cerci less compressed laterally at the base and less curved inward in the median region. MbEp seemingly sub-rectangular in dorsal view. Posteromedian portion of epiphallus with a beak-shaped tip. Female subgenital plate yellow and the lateral portions of posterior margin slightly concave before the central protrusion in ventral view.   Redescription.Male ( Figure 18C). Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 30.IX.1986(Bandeira, M.P.S. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]. Measurements (mm): bd15.33, pt1.90, tg7.79, hf11.81, ht12.44.— Head: Subtriangular in frontal view ( Figure 4C). Antennae ( 2.54 mm). Fastigium ( 0.18 mm). Eyes very protruding in frontal view ( Figure 4C). Frons metallic blue. Clypeus and labrum yellow ( Figures 4Cand 28A). Mandibular joints brown. Mandibles yellow. Thorax: Pronotum: Slightly sellate, posterior region of pronotal disk slightly curved in lateral view ( Figure 6C). Pronotal disk blackish with blue maculae and yellow spots; posterior margin rounded ( Figure 6c). Thoracic sternites metallic blue. Wings: Brachypterous ( tg/ hf0.66). Tegmina ellipsoidal; elongated with costal margin slightly convex in the ½ proximal and anal margin slightly concave, apex uniformly rounded; reaching the epiproct (4.0x the pronotum length); some oblique nervures present between costal margin and Cand between Cand Sc; Rreaching the apex, without bifurcation; Mbifurcating in Maand Mpin the medium region; 1Cupresent, reaching the ¼ distal; 2Cureaching the median region; 1Aand 2Awell marked, 3Areduced ( Figure 7A). Membranous wings with five lobes when extended (remigium + four anal lobes); Mpresent, arising from the median region of R+Mand reaching the apex; Rs2present; 1Cuand VDrectilinear and parallel; 1A–4Apresent, 5Areduced; 1a–4apresent ( Figure 7a). Legs(Right/Left): Ventral face of protibiae with 9/ 8 outer spines and 7/7 inner spines. PrTm1with approximately 2.5x the length of PrTm2. Ventral face of mesotibiae with 9/7 outer spines and 9/8 inner spines. MsTm1with approximately 2.0x the length of MsTm2. Dorsal face of metatibiae with 21/25 inner spines and 22/22 outer spines. MtTm1with approximately 3.0x the length of MtTm2. Abdomen: Posterior-ventral regions of the 9 thand 10 thabdominal tergites as in the Figure 8C. Proximal region of epiproct broader than in  T. hamus, lateral margins moderately folded downward, ⅓ distal sharply convergent, apex acute ( Figure 8c). Cerci not exceeding the length of epiproct in dorsal view ( Figure 8c); robust and subcylindrical at the base, laterally compressed in the ⅓ apical, curved inward in the median region and downward in the ⅓ apical, an acute process in the ventro-apical region present ( Figure 9C). Abdominal sternites yellow. Membranous apical area of subgenital plate fusiform horizontally, not expanded toward the apex; one central and two lateral carinae distinct. Posterior margin of subgenital plate slightly projected backward in lateral view ( Figure 8C). Apex of abdomen subtriangular in axial view. Phallic complex: Epiphallus: LREp elongated, making the MbEp seemingly subrectangular in shape in dorsal view ( Figure 10C); inner margin of the more sclerotized portion in the posterior region sinuous; lateral more sclerotized portions of the outer margin in the posterior region converging centrally in a beak-shaped tip ( Figure 10C); posterior region without upward curvature in lateral view ( Figure 10c); LPjEp uniformly expanded from proximal region to distal region ( Figure 10c) and with a small process curved and acute distally.  Endophallus: Outermargin in the anterior region of endophallic plate bilobed, resembling butterfly-shaped; inner arc broad and circular; branches slight convergent and tips clearly divergent in ventral view ( Figure 12C); broad ventral curvature in the ¾ posterior in lateral view and slight ripples ventrally on the outer margin of branch ( Figure 12c); spermatophore sac as in the Figure 12c; ejaculatory sac ovoid, projected backward ( Figure 12c). Female ( Figure 18C). Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 01.X.1986(Rocha, I.R.D. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]. Measurements (mm): bd23.24, pt2.32, tg7.53, hf14.46, ht15.65.— Head: Narrow in frontal view ( Figure 4C). Antennae ( 2.68 mm). Fastigium ( 0.29 mm). Eyes less protruding than male ( Figures 4Cand 5C). Thorax: Brachypterous ( tg/ hf0.521). Tegmina reaching the 5 thabdominal tergite (3.2x the pronotum length). Ventral face of protibiae with 8/8 outer spines and 7/7 inner spines. PrTm1with approximately 3.0x the length of PrTm2. Ventral face of mesotibiae with 8/8 outer spines and 8/8 inner spines. MsTm1with approximately 2.0x the length of MsTm2. Dorsal face of metatibiae with 24/25 outer spines and 23/24 inner spines. MtTm1with approximately 3.0x the length of MtTm2. Abdomen: Posterior-ventral regions of the 8 thabdominal tergite smooth ( Figure 13C). Epiproct as in the Figure 14C. Length of paraprocts equal to the epiproct. Cerci reaching the distal ⅓ of paraprocts ( Figure 14C). Subgenital plate: Lateral regions not covered by the ventral portions of the 8 thabdominal tergite ( Figure 15C); posterior-lateral regions exceeding the length of the 8 thabdominal tergite in lateral view ( Figure 13C); lateral portions of posterior margin converging to the center with slight inclination and concavity, forming a small triangular protrusion in the apex; spines present only in the median region of posterior margin and inclined toward the central protrusion; surface entirely smooth ( Figure 15C). Ovipositor as in the Figure 13C. Other characters as in male. Sexual dimorphism. hf ♀/ hf ♂1.22.  Measurements (mm). ♂(n=14). bd14.95–16.80 (15.95), pr1.90–2.18 (2.04), tg7.79–9.79 (8.85), hf8.96– 13.09 (11.86), ht9.31–13.52 (12.37); ♀(n=1). bd23.24, pr2.32, tg7.53, hf14.46, ht15.65.   T. latens( holotype ♂). bd15.00, pr2.15, tg9.30, hf12.70, ht? ( Rehn & Rehn 1942);   T. latens( allotype ♀). bd20.50, pr2.55, tg8.90, hf15.00, ht? ( Rehn & Rehn 1942);  Intraspecific variation.Some males may exhibit only one carina well marked on the subgenital plate and the lateral portions of the 9 thabdominal tergite yellow. The Rvein of the tegmen can be bifurcated in Raand Rp.   Material examined. Brazil: Goiásstate: 1 ♂— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 30.IX.1986(Bandeira, M.P.S. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 2 ♂— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 30.IX.1986(Pamplona, L. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 2 ♂— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 01.X.1986(Bandeira, M.P.S. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 2 ♂— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 01.X.1986(Pamplona, L. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 9 ♂and 1 ♀— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 01.X.1986(Rocha, I.R. col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 2 ♂— Brasil, Goiás, SAMA, Minaçú, 31.X.1986(Ivone col.)\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2014 [UnB]; 1 ♂—Serra da Mesa (Probably in the north of Goiás), 4.XI.1996(D. Halboth)\Caelifera, Acrididae\  T. latens Rehn & Rehn, 1942, Olivier, R. det. 2015 [DZRJOrt0323].   Distribution.This species is known only from three localities, suggesting a distribution between the central and northwestern regions of Minas Geraisstate and central and northern Goiásstate, possibly occurring in southern Tocantinsstate ( Figure 22). No records exist for altitudes where specimens were collected. Previous records: Brazil: Minas Gerais: Lassance. 2237548048 1919-11-09 1919-11-19 1919-11-09 Cornell University Expedition & R. G. Harris Brazil Lassance 45 46 1 1 Minas Gerais holotype 2237548080 United States of America Philadelphia Entomology Collection Natural Sciences of Dextrel University 45 46 1 holotype