Ashmead, 1900 : 132
Mason, 1981 : 113
Microgaster brevicaudus Provancher, 1886: 140
Viereck, 1913 : 366
Viereck, 1913 : 366
A taxonomic review of the genus Diolcogaster Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) in Iran, distribution and morphological variability
Moghaddam, Mostafa Ghafouri
Rakhshani, Ehsan
Achterberg, Cornelis Van
Mokhtari, Azizollah
Zootaxa
2019
2019-04-24
4590
1
95
124
45WR
64874
Ashmead, 1900
Ashmead
1900
[238,589,1532,1558]
Insecta
Braconidae
Diolcogaster
Animalia
Hymenoptera
2
97
Arthropoda
genus
Diolcogaster Ashmead, 1900: 132(description). Mason, 1981: 113(redescription). Type species: Microgaster brevicaudusProvancher, 1886: 140, by monotypy, Lectotype ♀— Québec, Canada[ECLU, Provancher’s collection, no. 1167, Figs 16F–16G]. Zadiolcogaster Viereck, 1913: 366(description). Type species: Zadiolcogaster anomus Viereck, 1913: 366. Holotype ♀— Asuncion, Paraguay[ZMHB, Figs 2A–2F].
Diagnosis.Pronotum rarely with dorsal sulcus ( Figs 2C, 4A, 6A, 8A, 10A, 12A, 14A); when an areola is absent, propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina strong and complete, usually rugose but occasionally smooth ( Figs 2E–2F, 4B, 6B, 8B, 10B, 12B, 14B); fore wing with areolet in variable sizes, sometimes areolet small or poorly delimited posteriorly, veins 3RSa and/or r-m might be unpigmented but still visible ( Figs 2B, 4F, 6F–6G, 8F, 10F, 12F, 14F); metacoxa large, extending to or beyond end of T3 ( Figs 2A, 3A, 3C, 4E, 5A, 7A, 8E, 9A, 10E, 11A, 12E, 13A, 14E); inner metatibial spur always longer than outer spur, its length varying from half-length of basitarsus to longer than hind basitarsi ( Figs 2A–2B, 3C, 5C, 7C, 9C, 11C, 13C); T1 anteriorly with a sharp medio- longitudinal sulcus through most of its length, varying from absent, shallow and small, short and expanded apically to strongly narrowed, strap-shaped ( Figs 2E–2F, 4C, 6C, 7C, 10C, 12C, 14C); T2 usually with a triangular median field, which can be varies on different asymmetric shapes, sometimes without median field ( Figs 4C–4D), T3 smooth, but strongly rugose when the second one is similarly sculptured ( Figs 2E–2F, 4C–4D, 6C–6D, 8C, 10C–10D, 12C–12D, 14C–14D); ovipositor and ovipositor sheaths short and barely exerted, ovipositor sheaths usually with dense setae near apex and in most species with a few modified strong setae ( Figs 2A, 4E, 6E, 8E, 112E, 14E). Global distribution.Cosmopolitan, but more diverse in tropics.
The number of species. Diolcogasteris with 101 described valid species currently the seventh largest genus of Microgastrinae( Yu et al. 2016; Fernandez-Triana 2018; Salgado-Neto et al. 2018).
Hosts.Solitary or gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoids of various macrolepidoptera. TABLE 1.Summary of measurements of 28 morphometric ratios for females of the Diolcogasterspecies in Iran except D. alveariaand D. spreta. Ratios alvearia* claritibia mayae spreta from A form B form C AL/BL 1.03 1.1 1.1 1.05 1.2 – HH/HW 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 – HH/TL 2.8 4.5 8.8 10.3 12.0 – AFL1/AFW1 3.1 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.2 – AFL2/AFW2 3.4 2.0 2.6 2.9 3.3 – AFL12/AFW12 2.0 2.3 3.9 3.0 3.5 – AFL13/AFW13 2.2 2.2 3.0 3.2 3.2 – AFL14/AFW14 2.8 2.0 2.9 2.7 3.5 – ClW/ClL 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.7 2.6 – ClW/OML 1.3 1.6 4.5 8.2 5.9 – IOL/OML 2.7 3.5 6.0 13.6 7.5 – EL/EW 1.9 2.6 2.0 2.2 2.0 – EL/HH 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 – EL/TL 1.9 2.1 7.2 8.2 10.3 – EL/OML 2.9 3.4 13.5 28.2 31.9 – OD/POL 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 – OD/OOL 0.7 0.5 2.2 3.2 2.6 – POL/OOL 1.3 1.1 3.2 4.2 3.6 – MLH/LFMH 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.6 – AHP/PHP 2.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 – T1L/T1WA 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.5 – T1L/T1WP 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.9 2.4 – T1WA/T1WP 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 – T2WP/T2L 1.6 3.5 2.1 2.3 2.1 – MCL/MCW 1.8 2.8 2.6 2.1 2.7 – MFL/MFW 4.0 3.7 4.2 3.5 3.3 – IMTSL/MBTL 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 – PSL/PSW 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.5 – *The included ratios for D. alveariaobtained from examined specimens from Israel.