Brachoria cedra Keeton, 1959: 17
Keeton, 1965: 85
Hoffman, 1971: 233
A revision of the Appalachian millipede genus Brachoria Chamberlin, 1939 (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Apheloriini)
Marek, Paul E.
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2010
2010-07-26
159
4
817
889
5WQH4
KEETON, 1959
Keeton
1959
[938,1329,924,946]
Diplopoda
Xystodesmidae
Brachoria
Animalia
Polydesmida
19
836
Arthropoda
species
cedra
FIG. 39K–M; SUPPORTING INFORMATION VIDEO S1)
Brachoria cedra Keeton, 1959: 17. Keeton, 1965: 85; Hoffman, 1971: 233.
Diagnosis:Adult males of B. cedraare distinct from other Brachoriaspeciesbased on the combination of: Size. Body length on average smaller than other species ( ♂37.49, ♀38.68). Colour. Three-spotted, yellow metatergal spots, paranotal spots, anterior and posterior collum spots, legs (Fig. 39K). Exoskeleton. Caudolateral corners, paranota 1–4 slightly rounded, lateral margins angled cephalically. Gonopods. Gonopodal acropodite narrow, half width of tibia on leg pair 9, of uniform width throughout. Prefemur with thin, sharp prefemoral process. Acropodite curved medially in D-shaped form ( Fig. 8D). Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum slightly elbowed. Acropodal apex projecting laterally. Acropodite distal to postcingular arc bent 90°, with curved acuminate apex ( Fig. 8D, arrow). Variation: Brachoria cedrais known from three areas in Wise, Norton City, and Lee Counties ( 6♂and 4♀represent specimens throughout this range). There is some variation in coloration amongst these specimens with an orange variant (Fig. 39M) of the common three-spotted morph and a two-spotted yellow morph (Fig. 39L), both of which are less common than the three-spotted yellow morph. Measurements: ♂( N= 6) BL = 33.56–40.78 (37.49/2.69). CW = 6.85–7.70 (7.34/0.33). IW = 4.60–5.09 (4.85/0.17). ISW = 1.28– 1.60 (1.45/0.12). B10W = 9.10–10.49 (9.92/0.58). B10H = 5.55–6.25 (5.93/0.28). ♀( N= 4) BL = 37.76– 39.92 (38.68/0.93). CW = 7.10–7.72 (7.28/0.29). IW = 5.29–5.60 (5.42/0.13). ISW = 1.67–1.81 (1.74/ 0.06). B10W = 9.71–11.00 (10.21/0.59). B10H = 6.66– 7.57 (7.06/0.38). Description:Male described by Keeton (1959). Ecology: Brachoria cedrawas previously only known from the cedar glades around Jonesville in Lee County; however, I found a disjunct population around High Knob in the tulip and maple deciduous forests there, and later in other localities in Lee County. All specimens were collected during the day in either cedar forests ( Juniperus virginianaL.) or mixed mesophytic deciduous forests. At the cedar glade localities, individuals were found beneath layers of decomposing cedar leaves. Brachoria cedranormally occurred beneath cedar duff on the plate-like dolomitic limestone. One other xystodesmid encountered sympatrically at this locality is A. v. corrugata, which has a strong mimetic resemblance to B. cedra. At the other localities, B. cedrawas found beneath decomposing leaves of broadleaf species like maple, tulip, and oak. Note: individuals of B. cedramay easily be confused in the field with A. v. corrugata, B. dentata, B. insolita, B. mendota, B. sheari, and B. hoffmanibecause of similarity in colour patterns (around High Knob all of these species, except B. sheariand B. mendota, can be found as mimics), but can be distinguished from the other Brachoriaby the diagnostic characters and from A. v. corrugataby the presence of the following characters (viewed with a 20¥ loupe): Acropodite with midlength transverse groove, cingulum. Arc immediately distal beyond cingulum slightly elbowed. Acropodite not circular like in A. v. corrugata. Distribution:Known from four areas in south-western Virginiafrom Edd’s Mill in south-western Lee County, north-east through the cedar glades and Lovelady Gap, to the highlands around High Knob in Norton City and Wise Counties. Brachoria cedraco-occurs with B. dentata, B. insolita, B. mendota, B. sheari, and B. hoffmaniforming a component of a Müllerian mimicry ring with them. Material examined:Type specimens. ♂ holotype( USNM) from Lee County, Virginia, cedar glades near Jonesville, v.1955(coll: L. Carr) ( vidi). Nontypespecimens. Virginia: 1♂(SPC000276*: DQ490680), Lee County, The Cedars, CR656, 1.6 rd km south US58, telephone line clearcut ( 36.66032°N, - 83.18390°W, 408 m), 28.v.2004, 10:45 (coll: P. Marek); 1♀( MMC0277), Lee County, The Cedars, CR-738 ( 36.65624°N, - 83.20165°W, 436 m), 28.ix.2006, 16:00 (colls: P. and B. Marek); 1♂( MMC0280), 1♀( MMC0277), Lee County, Lovelady Gap, CR619 ( 36.763661°N, - 82.88194°W, 815 m), 27.ix.2006, 12:15 (coll: P. and B. Marek); 1♂( PMLN00027), Lee County, west of Long Hollow School( 36.725600°N, - 83.05930°W), 30.v.1990(coll: J. Fulks); 1♂( MMC0349), 1♀( MMC0338), Lee County, Edd’s Mill( 36.63098°N, - 83.35825°W, 395 m), 29.ix.2006, 15:00 (coll: P. Marek); 1♂(SPC000273), Wise County, Stone Mountain, near Eagle Knob, FR238, east of curve in road ( 36.895321°N, - 82.60513°W, 777 m), 27.v.2004, 19:30 (coll: P. Marek); 1♂( MMC0029), 1♀( MMC0024) Wise County, Osborn Rock, FR238 ( 36.894991°N, - 82.59027°W, 1145 m), 17.viii.2006, 9:00 (colls: P. Marekand C. Spruill).
USNM
20
837
1
1
holotype
1955-05
L. Carr & Nontype
Lee County
Jonesville
20
837
1
Virginia
holotype
DQ490680
[340,698,1789,1811]
DQ
20
837
1
1
Virginia
holotype
2004-05-28
P. Marek
United States of America
Lee County
408
36.66032
The Cedars
1
-83.1839
20
837
1
holotype
[724,944,198,1902]
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0277
1
1
holotype
2006-09-28
P. and B. Marek
United States of America
Lee County
436
36.65624
The Cedars
1
-83.20165
20
837
1
holotype
[1161,1360,259,281]
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0280
1
1
holotype
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0277
1
1
holotype
2006-09-27
Lovelady Gap, CR & P. and B. Marek
United States of America
Lee County
815
36.76366
Lee County
1
-82.88194
20
837
1
holotype
[1135,1356,350,373]
PMLN
United States of America
20
837
PMLN00027
1
1
holotype
1990-05-30
J. Fulks
United States of America
Lee County
36.7256
Long Hollow School
1
-83.0593
20
837
1
holotype
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0349
1
1
holotype
[958,1140,442,465]
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0338
1
1
holotype
2006-09-29
P. Marek
United States of America
Lee County
395
36.63098
Edd's Mill
1
-83.35825
20
837
1
holotype
2004-05-27
P. Marek
United States of America
Wise County
777
36.89532
Eagle Knob
1
-82.60513
Stone Mountain
20
837
1
1
holotype
[1148,1353,595,618]
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0029
1
1
holotype
MMC
United States of America
20
837
MMC0024
1
1
holotype
2006-08-17
Osborn Rock, FR & P. Marek & Spruill
United States of America
Wise County
1145
36.894993
Wise County
1
-82.59027
20
837
1
holotype