Revision of world Austroterobiinae and Parasaphodinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), parasitoids of giant scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae) Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan Zootaxa 2017 4301 1 1 63 Mitroiu, 2017 Mitroiu 2017 [151,394,861,887] Insecta Pteromalidae Austroterobia Animalia Hymenoptera 10 11 Arthropoda species gatesi sp. nov.   Diagnosis. Female(male unknown): head and mesosoma without metallic reflections ( Figs 11, 12); inner margins of eyes very slightly sinuate ( Fig. 13); gena depressed at mouth corner ( Fig. 15); mandibular formula 3:2 ( Fig. 13); antenna with funicular segments strongly pedicellate ( Fig. 16); POL about 0.8× OOL; pronotum not or barely visible in dorsal view ( Fig. 17); notauli visible throughout length of mesoscutum ( Fig. 17); prepectus and dorsal side of propodeum bare ( Fig 17, 18); axillae wide apart ( Fig. 17); posterior margin of mesoscutellum not densely setose, without distinct spine ( Fig. 17); anterior margin of propodeum not distinctly raised, not concealing dorsellum ( Fig. 19); propodeal plicae present, converging posteriorly ( Fig. 19); fore wing without speculum ( Fig. 20); parastigma with hyaline break ( Fig. 20).   Austroterobia gatesisuperficially resembles   A. achterbergiin colour, as well as in head and mesosomal structure; however it differs from the latter species in having complete notauli ( Fig. 17), distinctly pedicellate funicular segments ( Fig. 16), and a different wing structure, i.e. without a speculum and with a hyaline break on the parastigma ( Fig. 20).    Material examined. Typematerial. Holotype ♀(deposited in UCD) [entire; on triangular card].  COSTA RICA:‘ Costa Rica: PuntarenasLos Patos Par. Nac. Corcovado, 8°33’N 83°30’W  200m,  1-9.III.00MT/YPT, J S Noyes& J A Asofeifa’, ‘ Austroterobia S. L.Heydon 2002’.   Description. Female.Body length: 1.4 mm.  Colour.Head and mesosoma dark brown ( Figs 11, 12). Gaster light brown ( Figs 11, 12). Eyes and ocelli whitish-grey ( Figs 13–15). Antenna light brown ( Fig. 16). Mandibles pale yellow, teeth reddish-brown ( Fig. 13). Legs entirely yellowish except for darker pretarsi ( Fig. 11). Wings hyaline ( Fig. 20). Tegula and venation light brown ( Fig. 20). Body setation whitish-brown, wing setation brown ( Figs 13, 17, 20).  Sculpture.Head coriaceous to alutaceous except for smooth clypeus ( Figs 13–15); malar area with sculpture denser ( Fig. 15); mesoscutum and mesoscutellum reticulate, axillae almost smooth ( Fig. 17); median area of propodeum, except for median carina and plicae, almost smooth but with several superficial carinulae ( Fig. 19); mesopleuron with shallow femoral depression, without any indication of a central pit ( Fig. 18); prepectus, mesepimeron and metapleuron almost smooth ( Fig. 18); upper mesepisternum alutaceous, lower mesepisternum finely reticulate ( Fig. 18); gaster smooth.  Structure.Head. Toruli about equidistant from median ocellus and ventral margin of clypeus, their lower margins much higher than lower margins of eyes ( Fig. 13). Scape reaching lower margin of median ocellus ( Fig. 15). Gena conspicuously depressed at mouth corner ( Fig. 15), posterior margin carinate. Malar sulcus absent ( Fig. 15). Eyes broad oval, inner margins slightly sinuate in middle and almost parallel in lower part ( Fig. 13). Funicular segments strongly pedicellate ( Fig. 16). Head width 2.5× length (50:20) in dorsal view and 1.25× height (50:40) in frontal view. POL about 0.8× OOL (9:11). Eye height 1.25× length (19.5:15.5), about 1.3× malar space (19.5:14.5), and 1.3× scape length (19.5:15.0). Head width subequal to length of pedicel plus flagellum (50:51). F1 width equal to length (5:5); F5 width 1.1× length (5.0:4.5); clava length 2.7× width (13.5:5.0).   FIGURES 11, 12.  Austroterobia gatesi, holotype ♀: 11, habitus, lateral view; 12, habitus, dorsal view. Mesosoma. Dorsally setose, except for metanotum and median area of propodeum ( Fig. 17); prepectus and metapleuron bare ( Fig. 18); mesopleuron bare except for some setae along anteroventral margin ( Fig. 18). Pronotum not visible in dorsal view ( Fig. 17). Notauli complete ( Fig. 17). Axillae wide apart, medially connected by wide groove separating mesoscutum from mesoscutellum ( Fig. 17). Posterior margin of mesoscutellum evenly curved ( Fig. 17). Anterior margin of propodeum not distinctly raised, not concealing dorsellum ( Fig. 19). Propodeum with distinct median carina and posteriorly converging, almost complete plicae ( Fig. 19). Fore wing ( Fig. 20) completely setose, without speculum; parastigma with hyaline break; marginal vein hardly thickened.   FIGURES 13–20.  Austroterobia gatesi, holotype ♀: 13, head, frontal view; 14, head, dorsal view; 15, head, lateral view; 16, antenna; 17, mesosoma, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, lateral view; 19, propodeum and petiole, dorsal view; 20, fore wing. Mesosoma length subequal to width (55:52), width about 1.4× height (41:30). Mesoscutum width 3.15× length (41:13). Mesoscutellum length 0.95× width (20:21). Propodeum length 0.45× mesoscutellum length (9:20). Fore wing length about 1.9× width (96:51); MV about 1.2× SV (18.0:15.5); PV about 1.7× MV (31:18). Gaster. Ovate, longer than head plus mesosoma ( Figs 11, 12); length about 1.7× width (70:42).  Male.Unknown.   Distribution.  CostaRica.   Biology.Unknown.   Remarks.This is the first record of the subfamily Austroterobiinae in the Neotropical region; it is highly probable that other species will be discovered when more material is examined.   Etymology.Named in honour of Dr. Michael Gates (USNM), for his contribution to the systematics of Chalcidoidea. 1657188872 2000-03-01 2000-03-09 2000-03-01 UCD J S Noyes & J A Asofeifa' Costa Rica 200 8.55 Costa Rica 1301 -83.5 10 11 1 1 Puntarenas holotype