Two new species of Dactylonotus Parent, 1934 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from South Africa and a key to Afrotropical species Igor Ya. Grichanov European Journal of Taxonomy 2016 175 1 9 [629,936,1582,1608] Insecta Dolichopodidae Dactylonotus Animalia Diptera 1 2 Arthropoda species nigricorpus sp. nov.  urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6A 263872- 6460- 45CF- 8CDF- 387C0D 610111  Figs 1–4, 11    Diagnosis The new species is close to  D. rudebeckiVanschuytbroeck, 1960as described by Grichanov ( 1998) under the name  D. meuffelsi, differing from the latter and all other species of the genus in the black body, smaller size, shorter antenna, the hypopygium morphology, the arista-like stylus apical, the mid femur without long setae, the simple tarsi with short claws and the small pulvilli.    Etymology The species name is composed from Latin “niger” and “corpus” (black body)..     Typematerial     Holotype  REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA: ♂, Western Cape, Table Mountain N.P., Clovelly, sweeping grasses & mature fynbos,  34°07.465 S,  18° 26.094E,   24Oct. 2012, 64 m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs( BMSA).    Description  Male( Figs 1–4, 11) MEASUREMENTS. Body length without antennae 3.8 mm, antenna length 1.4 mm, wing length 3.2 mm, wing width 1.2 mm. HEAD. Frons small, black, grey pollinose, with medial trapezoid depression, slightly prominent around base of antennae; face densely whitish pollinose, weakly narrowed in upper part, with parallel sides in lower part, 2× as high as wide at clypeus; occiput flat, black, grey pollinose; one pair of long ocellar and short postvertical setae; no vertical setae; postocular setae black in upper part and white in middle and lower parts of head; eyes with short white hairs; antennae ( Fig. 2) inserted at upper fifth of head, black, 2× longer than height of head; scape long, microscopically haired; pedicel with long, slightly widened at apex, dorso-lateral (inner view) process, covered by dorsal, lateral and ventral setulae; postpedicel very long, widest at apex of pedicel, with acute apex, 3× as long as high in middle, entirely covered by microscopic hairs; arista apical, with microscopic hairs. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to postpedicel (dorsal to ventral sides) to arista-like stylus (1st and 2nd segments) in mm, 0.27/0.40/0.49/0.74/0.05/0.32. Palpus and proboscis short, black, with black hairs.   Figs 1–4.  Dactylonotus nigricorpus sp. nov., ♂. 1. Habitus. 2. Antenna, inner lateral view. 3. Wing. 4. Hypopygium after maceration, left lateral view. THORAX. Mostly black, with black bristles; mesonotum weakly pollinose; pleura densely grey pollinose; metanotum brownish below; propleuron with 2strong black setae in lower part; 6pairs of dorsocentral bristles decreasing in size anteriorly, with several scattered hairs on anterior slope; acrostichals biseriate, extending to 5th pair of dorsocentrals; scutellum with two long strong bristles and two short fine lateral setae, 1/4 as long as medians, dorsally bare. LEGS. Including coxae yellow, with black bristles, tarsi brown-black from tip of basitarsus; fore coxa anteriorly with short black hairs and five or six black lateral and apical setae of various length in one row; mid coxa anteriorly with rather long black hairs and setae; mid and hind coxae with black bristle at base. Femora without long setae; mid and hind femora with one strong subapical anterior seta; fore tibia with 3strong anterodorsal, 2short posterodorsal, 3short ventral setae; mid tibia with 3strong anterodorsal, 1small dorsal, 1strong and 2small posterodorsal, 1anteroventral, 1–2 small posteroventral setae; hind tibia with 3anterodorsal, 3posterodorsal, 4–5 short ventral setae; all tibiae with strong apical setae; all tarsi simple, with short claws and small pulvilli. Femur, tibia and tarsomere (from first to fifth) length ratio: fore leg: 65/75/38/22/16/11/10, mid leg: 88/102/51/27/21/12/12, hind leg: 95/120/39/39/28/17/12. WING (Fig. 3). Ovate, fumous; veins brown; R4+5 and M1+2 slightly curved posteriad at apex; M1+2 nearly straight; crossvein dm-cu straight; ratio of dm-cu to apical part of CuA 1(in mm), 0.28/0.66; anal vein foldlike; anal angle obtuse; lower calypter yellow, with black cilia; halter yellow. ABDOMEN. Mostly black, with black hairs and marginal setae; 6th segment reduced; 7th segment small, bare; 8th segment with short hairs and row of strong setae; hypopygium (Figs 4, 11) black; epandrium subtriangular, strongly projected ventrally; hypandrium simple, broad, curved, with subapical spinelike process; phallus expanded at apex and biapicate; two epandrial setae positioned on distal side of epandrium, one of them (dorsal) pedunculate; epandrial lobe long, fingerlike, with rounded apex and short apical seta; surstylus yellow-brown, bilobate, with almost straight lobes, with several setae as figured; ventral lobe thinner than dorsal lobe, clavate; postgonite small, slightly curved ventrally; cercus short, yellow, with black setae.   Female Unknown.    Distribution South Africa (Western Cape). 1248755036 2012-10-24 BMSA A. H. Kirk-Spriggs South Africa 64 -34.12442 Clovelly, sweeping grasses & mature fynbos 18.43349 Table Mountain N. P. 2 3 1 1 Western Cape holotype