Revision of the Neotropical genus Triportheus Cope, 1872 (Characiformes: Characidae) Malabarba, Maria Claudia S. L. Neotropical Ichthyology 2004 2004-12-31 2 4 167 204 58Z4M Malabarba, 2004 Malabarba 2004 [938,1225,355,379] Actinopterygii Triportheidae Triportheus Animalia Characiformes 33 200 Chordata species venezuelensis sp. nov.   Fig. 26     Holotype. INHS  34768, 118.64 mmSL, Venezuela, Barinas, río Masparro, Apure drainage,  5 kmNW Libertadon road to Barinas,  25 Jan 1995, L. M. Page, J. W. Armbruster, P. A. Ceas, K. S. Cummings& C. A. Mayer( 08°20”N, 69°39”W).    Paratypes. Venezuela: Bolivar: USNM 270343(17,65.7-83.4 mm SL),  UNELLEZ 52000( 3,73-83.4 mm SL), small caño connecting with rio Orinocoimmediately Southof El Burro,  9 Dec 1984, R. Vari, O.Castillo& C.Ferraris( 06°11’N, 67’25’W);  INHS 35077( 4, 80.6-83.1 mm SL), laguna Castillero,  10 Jan 1988, M. Rodriguez( 07°38’N, 66°09’W).  Apure: USNM 258079(6,76-85 mmSL), río Apure, W of town center,  25 Jan 1983, O. Costillo et al.( 7º53’N; 67º29’W);  FMNH 85488(10, 36.3-73.6 mm SL), river 24 km S of Biruacaon road to San Juan de Apayara,  7 Jan 1975, J. Thomerson& D.Taphorn( 07°56’S, 67°5’W).  Monagas: USNM 233784( 12, 75.6-94.6mmSL);  USNM 358223(5,73.5-87.7mmSL);  MCP35842 (1, 82.4 mm SL), río Orinoco, laguna Tapatapa on Isla Tapatapanear downstream end of caño Limon,  16 Feb 1978, J. Lundberg& Lopez( 8º32’N, 62º26’W).  Guarico: INHS 34573( 3, 68.1-69.8 mm SL), laguna Caricare,  14 Jan 1995, J. Armbruster, P. Ceas, M. Campos, R.Suarez& J. Llerandi( 7º50’N, 66º32’W);  INHS 34484(2, 82.4-83.1 mm SL), río San Bortoloat Águas Muertas,  8 Jan 1995, L. M.Page et al. ( 08º04’ N, 40º50’ W);  INHS 35294( 3,74.3- 77.9 mm SL), río Orinoco, laguna Larga Ii,  12 Jan 1987, M. A. Rodríguez& S. Richardson( 07º38’N, 66º13”W);  INHS 35114( 8, 63.1-77.3 mm SL), río Aguaro, P. N. Aguaro-Guariquitoen El Paso, L. M. Page et al.,  11 Jan 1995( 07º50’N, 66º30’W).   Diagnosis.A deep-bodied  Triportheusspecies reaching 94.9 mmSL (depth at dorsal-fin origin,26.7-37.6, mean = 32.9% SL, n = 54; depth at pectoral-fin insertion, 29.2-38.4,mean = 36.1% SL, n = 55). The presence of 2 longitudinal scale rows between the pectoral-fin insertion and the ventral keel distinguish this species from elongate-bodied  Triportheusspecies that have 1 longitudinal scale row between the pectoral-fin insertion and the ventral keel.  Triportheus venezuelensisis distinguished among deep bodied congeners by the combination of the number of gill rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch (27-33, mean = 30.1, n = 55); the number of branched anal-fin rays (24-27, mean = 25.6, n = 54); and thenumberoflateral-linescales(33.0-36.0, mean = 34.0 n= 51).   Description.Morphometric data for  Triportheus venezuelensispresented in Table 18. Body deep and compressed laterally. Greatest body depth located slightly posterior to vertical through pectoral-fin insertion. Dorsal profile of head straight from upper lip to rear of head. Dorsal profile of body gently curved from rear of head to dorsal-fin origin; posteroventrally slanted from dorsal-fin origin to caudal peduncle; curved along caudal peduncle. Dorsal portion of body slightly keeled.   Fig. 26.  Triportheus venezuelensis, holotype, INHS 34768, 118.64 mm SL, Venezuela, Barinas, río Masparro, río Apure drainage, 5 km NW of Libertad on road to Barinas.   Table 18.Morphometrics of  Triportheus venezuelensis. Ranges include measurements of 55 paratypes: USNM 258079 (6), USNM 233784 (12), USNM 270343 (17), UNELLEZ 52000 (3), FMNH 85488 (10), INHS 34573 (3), INHS 35077 (4). Ventral profile of head straight from tip of lower lip to anteroventral margin of dentary. Ventral profile of head and body arched from base of dentary to pelvic-fin insertion; slightly curved or almost straight from pelvic-fin insertion to anal-fin origin; posterodorsally slanted along anal-fin base; straight along caudal peduncle. Prepelvic region expanded ventrally and strongly keeled. Head blunt in profile; posterior margin of opercle almost reaching vertical through pectoral-fin insertion. Snout vertically straight. Mouth terminal; upward. Lower jaw as long as upper jaw. Nostrils of each side close together; anterior opening circular; posterior elongate. Gill rakers thick and separated; length equivalent to one-half of length of branchial filament; gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 27-33 [32] (mean = 30.1, n = 55). Teeth on premaxilla in 3 rows; with teeth of inner row largest. Five tricuspidate teeth of outer row arranged along external margin of mouth and externally visible in closed mouth. Medial row with 3 tricuspidate teeth. Seven multicuspidate teeth on inner row on premaxilla. Maxilla with 2-3 tricuspidate teeth smaller than those on premaxilla. Teeth on lower jaw in 2 rows, outer row with 5 medial teeth, followed by 3-4 much smaller, tricuspidate teeth. Inner row consisting of conical posteriorly curved symphyseal tooth. Scales cycloid, thin, and large. Lateral line distinctly decurved ventrally, completely pored from supracleithrum to base of caudal-fin rays. Thirty-three to 36 [33] (mean = 34.1, n = 50) scales in lateral line; 5-6 scale series between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; two scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin insertion. Two scale rows between pectoral-fin insertion and midventral keel; 4-5 scale series on caudal peduncle. Scales along mid-dorsal line very irregularly arranged with PROOFS6-12 scales from tip of supraoccipital spine to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal-fin rays ii,9; anal-fin rays iii,24-27 [25] (mean = 25.6, n = 54); pectoral-fin rays i,10-12 [10] (mean = 11.6, n = 50); pelvic-fin rays i,6. Base of dorsal-fin situated on posterior onehalf of body; base of last dorsal-fin ray located anterior to vertical through anal-fin origin; second unbranched and first branched ray longest with following rays gradually decreasing in length. Pectoral fin pointed with tip extending posteriorly as far as vertical through middle of pelvic fin. Anal-fin margin slightly curved, first branched anal-fin ray longest with following rays gradually decreasing in length. One or 2 series of scale overlaying basal portions of anal-fin rays. Margin of caudal fin truncate with median rays extending for one-half of their length beyond margin of remainder of fin. Total vertebrae 38.  Coloration in alcohol.Overall ground color yellowish brown. Snout and dorsal portion of head dark. Some scattered dark chromatophores present on opercle and postorbital region. Concentration of chromatophores forming diffuse stripe extending from supracleithrum to caudal peduncle; stripe broadened into wider dark spot on lateral surface of caudal peduncle. Body darker dorsal to midlateral stripe. Dorsal-fin rays outlined by dark chromatophores. Scattered dark chromatophores distributed all over pectoral fin; with more intense dark pigmentation on first unbranched ray and along fin margin. Some dark chromatophores outlining anal-fin rays. Median caudal-fin rays dark.   Distribution.Río Orinoco basin ( Fig. 12).   Etymology.Species name,  venezuelensis, refers to the country drained by Río Orinoco and must be considered in apposition to the genus name 5220462345 1995-01-25 INHS L. M. Page & J. W. Armbruster & P. A. Ceas & K. S. Cummings & C. A. Mayer Venezuela Libertad 8.20 rio Masparro -69.39 33 200 34768 1 Barinas holotype 5220462492 1984-12-09 USNM R. Vari & O. Castillo & C. Ferraris Venezuela El Burro 6.1833334 rio Orinoco rio Orinoco 33 200 270343 17 Bolivar paratype 5220462429 1984-12-09 UNELLEZ R. Vari & O. Castillo & C. Ferraris Venezuela El Burro 6.1833334 rio Orinoco -67.25 rio Orinoco 33 200 52000 3 Bolivar paratype 5220462556 1988-01-10 INHS M. Rodriguez Venezuela 6.1833334 laguna Castillero 1303 -66.15 rio Orinoco 33 200 35077 4 Bolivar paratype 5220462534 1983-01-25 USNM O. Costillo Venezuela 7.883333 rio Apure 1302 -67.48333 33 200 USNM 258079 1 Apure paratype 5220462349 1975-01-07 FMNH J. Thomerson & D. Taphorn Venezuela -7.9333334 San Juan de Apayara 1302 -67.083336 33 200 FMNH 85488 1 paratype 5220462535 USNM Venezuela Monagas 33 200 233784 12 Monagas paratype 5220462385 [1008,1353,969,992] 1978-02-16 USNM J. Lundberg & Lopez Venezuela rio Orinoco 8.533334 Monagas 1301 -62.433334 Tapatapa on Isla Tapatapa 33 200 358223 5 Monagas paratype 5220462415 1978-02-16 J. Lundberg & Lopez Venezuela rio Orinoco 8.533334 Limon 1301 -62.433334 Tapatapa on Isla Tapatapa 33 200 1 paratype 5220462521 1995-01-14 INHS J. Armbruster & P. Ceas & M. Campos & R. Suarez & J. Llerandi Venezuela 7.8333335 Caricare 1302 -66.53333 33 200 34573 3 Guarico paratype 5220462391 1995-01-08 INHS L. M. Page Venezuela 8.066667 Aguas Muertas 1302 -40.833332 rio San Bortolo 33 200 INHS 34484 1 paratype 5220462531 1987-01-12 INHS M. A. Rodriguez & S. Richardson Venezuela 7.633333 rio Orinoco -66.13 rio Orinoco 33 200 35294 3 paratype 5220462376 1995-01-11 INHS L. M. Page Venezuela 7.633333 rio Aguaro 1302 -66.5 El Paso 33 200 35114 8 paratype