Triportheus albus Cope, 1872: 264 Chalcinus albus Garman, 1890:6 Chalcinus knerii Steindachner, 1876 Jordan, 1919:363 Triportheus albus Fowler, 1945:154 Chalcinus knerii Steindachner, 1876:50 Chalcinus rotundatus iquitensis Nakashima, 1941:65 Revision of the Neotropical genus Triportheus Cope, 1872 (Characiformes: Characidae) Malabarba, Maria Claudia S. L. Neotropical Ichthyology 2004 2004-12-31 2 4 167 204 58Z43 Cope, 1872 Cope 1872 [989,1316,524,548] Actinopterygii Triportheidae Triportheus Animalia Characiformes 17 184 Chordata species albus   Fig. 13      Triportheus albus Cope, 1872: 264(type-locality: “from the Ambyiacu”).    Chalcinus albus.  Garman, 1890:6(description,  Chalcinus knerii Steindachner, 1876as synonym). Fowler, 1906:447 (description; type-material listed).   Jordan, 1919:363(designation of “logotype”).  Triportheus albus.  Fowler, 1945:154(listed; synonyms).     Chalcinus knerii Steindachner, 1876:50( typenot seen) type-locality: Tefé [rio Solimões].     Chalcinus rotundatus iquitensis Nakashima, 1941:65( typelocality: Porto de Iquitos).   Diagnosis.An elongate  Triportheusspecies reaching 151 mmSL (depth at dorsal-fin origin, 23.2-30.4, mean = 27.6% SL, n = 81; depth at pectoral-fin insertion, 24.2-33.2, mean = 28.8% SL, n = 79). The presence of 1 longitudinal scale row between the pectoral-fin insertion and the ventral keel distinguishes this species from all deep-bodied  Triportheusspecies all of which have 2 longitudinal scale rows between the pectoral-fin insertion and the ventral keel. The combination of the possession of 32-35 lateral line scales, 24-28 branched anal-fin rays, and 30-39 gill rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch distinguish  T. albusfrom elongate-bodied congeners except  T. brachipomus.  T. albusis distinguished from  T. brachipomusby the length of the postorbital region of the head (43.3-48.9% of HL, mean = 45.8,n = 30 versus36.1-44.6% of HL, mean = 39.9, n = 30 in  T. brachipomus), and the distance from the insertion of posterior most dorsal-fin ray to the adipose-fin origin (20.2-23.2% of SL, mean = 21.4, n = 30 versus14.5-21.2% of SL, mean = 17.4, n = 30 in  T. brachipomus)   Description.Morphometric data for  Triportheus albuspresented in Table 9. Body elongate and compressed laterally. Greatest body depth located slightly posterior to vertical through pectoral-fin insertion. Dorsal profile of head convex from upper lip to nares; nearly straight from nares to rear of head. Dorsal profile of body gently convex from rear of head to dorsal-fin origin; posteroventrally slanted along dorsal-fin base; straight from posterior terminus of dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle; slightly concave along caudal peduncle. Dorsal portion of body transversely rounded.   Fig. 13.  Triportheus albus, MUSM9676, 114.64 mm SL, Peru, Madre de Dios, río Madre de Dios, Tambopata.   Table 9.Morphometrics of  Triportheus albus. Ranges include measurements of non-type specimens: FMNH 103053 (8), FMNH 94414 (3), FMNH 103052 (6 of 11), UMMZ 204248 (10), INHS66933 (11), INHS 65906 (7), MZUSP 30509 (5), MZUSP 5832 (10 of 14), MCP17210 (4 of 5), MCP 15160 (1), FMNH 56496 (8), INHS 38943 (8 of 9). Dashes indicate values that could not be taken as a consequence of damage to holotype.  PROOFS Ventral profile of head vertically straight from dorsal border of lower lip to anteroventral margin of dentary; very slightly convex from that point to isthmus. Ventral profile of body distinctly convex from isthmus to pelvic-fin insertion; nearly straight from that point to anal-fin origin; posterodorsally slanted along anal-fin base; slightly concave along caudal peduncle. Prepelvic region ventrally expanded with midventral keel. Head obtusely pointed in profile; snout nearly straight in profile. Mouth terminal; lower jaw equal to upper jaw. Nostrils of each side close together; anterior opening circular; posterior kidney-shaped. Eye large, without adipose eyelid. Gill rakers thin and close together; gill-rakers length about one-half of branchial filament length; gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 30-39 [32] (mean = 35.2, n = 74). Premaxilla with 2 irregular tooth rows. Outer row formed by 5 pentacuspidate teeth. Seven teeth on inner row; 2 medial teeth smaller than other teeth in series. Maxilla with 2-3 tricuspidate teeth all smaller than teeth on pre-maxilla. Teeth on lower jaw in 2 rows, with 6 teeth of 5-7 cusps on outer row; inner row consisting of conical symphyseal tooth. Scales cycloid, thin, large. Lateral line distinctly decurved ventrally, completely pored from supracleithrum to base of caudal-fin rays. Thirty-two to 35 (mean = 33.6, n = 75) scales in lateral line (50% of specimens with 34 scales); 5 scale series between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; 1-2 scale rows from lateral line to pelvic-fin insertion. A series of large scales between pectoral-fin insertion and midventral keel; 9-14 (mean = 11.5, n = 68) scales along mid-dorsal line between tip of supraoccipital process and dorsal-fin origin. Four or 5 rows of scales on caudal peduncle. Dorsal-fin rays ii,9; anal-fin rays iii,24-28 [26] (mean = 25.4, n = 78); pectoral-fin rays i,10-13 [10] (mean = 11.1, n = 78); pelvic-fin rays i,6. Dorsal-fin margin straight, situated on posterior one-half of body; base of last dorsal-fin ray located anterior to vertical through anal-fin origin. Pectoral fin extending over proximal one-third of pelvic fin. Five most anterior branched anal-fin rays much longer than following rays. Caudal fin emarginate or forked; scaled only basally. Middle caudal-fin rays terminate at or slightly beyond posterior margin of remainder of fin. Total vertebrae 38 [37].  Coloration in alcohol. Overall ground color yellowish brown. Body with diffuse, mid-lateral, silver stripe extending posteriorly from supracleithrum to caudal peduncle; stripe expanding vertically posteriorly. Body brownish dorsal to midlateral stripe; light yellow ventral to stripe. Pectoral fin dark pigmented along first rays. Dorsal and anal fin sparsely pigmented with dark chromatophores. Distal tips of anal-fin rays dark. Caudal-fin darkly outlined; series of chromatophores distributed on anterior one-third of caudal-fin rays.   Distribution.Rios Amazonas, Tocantinsand Araguaia basins ( Fig. 12).   Type-material remarks. Cope (1872: 264)did not provide a catalog number for the type material of  Triportheus albus, but only described it as “total length m..061; length to basis of dorsal fin.0292; from D.I to basis caudal.02” and refers to the type locality as “the Ambyiacu”. Subsequently, Fowler (1906:447) listed the type as ANSP 21234. The holotypeis a very damaged young specimen lacking the ventral margin of the body.  No typewas designated for  Chalcinus rotundatus iquitensisby Nakashima (1941)and the synonymy of that species into  T. albusin this paper is based on information in the original description, in particular the 31 lateral line scales and 17+35 gill rakers (“branquiespinas”).  Chalcinus rotundatus iquitensisis an homonym of  Chalcinus elongatus iquitensis Nakashima (1941:63)described in the same paper. The typesof  Chalcinus kneriicould not be located at NMW (H. Wellendorf pers. comm., Feb.1999). The single lot identified as  Chalcinus kneriiin that collection (NMW 12562- 63), is not labeled as type, and contains two specimens, instead of the one described by Steindachner. Although one of these specimens fits the length provided in the original description of  C. knerii, it was collected in rio Negro, rather than “ Amazonas(bei Teffe?)” as cited in the original description. Nonetheless, some data in the original description (lateral line scales 34, anal-fin rays 29, scale series above lateral line 5) suggests that  C. kneriiis a junior synonym of  Triportheus albus.   Type- material.  Triportheus albus, holotype, ANSP 21234, 54.4 mmSL, Peru, río Ambyiacu, J. Hauxwell. Non-type material.   Bolivia: Beni: UMMZ 204248(10), río Itenez(= rio Guaporé), opposite Costa Marques( 12º29’S, 64º16’W).   Brazil: Amazonas: INHS 66933(11), lago Marchantaria( 4°4’S, 59°7’W);  INHS 65906(7) lake Terra Preta, about  8 kmSW Manaus( 4°12’S, 59°57’W);  INHS 73035(1 of 4), lago Marchantaria, Camaleão Inlet, about  12 kmS Manaus( 4°4’S, 59°7’W);  MZUSP 58853(8), rio Negro, São Gabriel da Cachoeira( 0°7’S, 67°5’W);  MZUSP 5852(10 of 14), rio Negro, Manaus( 3°10’S, 60°0’W).  Roraima: MZUSP 30509(5), rio Branco, Marara( 1°2’N, 62°10’W).  Goiás: MCP17210 (4 of 5), lakes of rio Araguaia, near Luis Alves( 13º14’S, 50º35’W).  Mato Grosso: MZUSP 53590( 4), rio Araguaia, furo near  Aldeia Fontoura.  Pará: MCP 15160( 1), rio Tapajós, in the Centro Educacional Boas Novas, Itaituba( 4°16’S, 55°59’W);  FMNH 56496(8), Santarém( 0°57’S, 46°59’W).   Ecuador: Napo: FMNH 103053(8), río  Napoat Destacamento Tiputini( 0º47’S, 75º33’W);  FMNH 94414(3), río  Napo, at Coca, beach in middle of river just upstream from bridge ( 0º27’S, 76º54’W);  FMNH 103052(6 of 11), río Yasuni, laguna Jatuncocha( 1º0’S, 75º29’W);  FMNH 103054(1), río Tiputini, near mouth in río  Napoand Quebradas( 0º49’S, 75º31’W).   Peru: Loreto: INHS 38943(8 of 9), Iquitosat Requena( 03°44’S, 73°14’W);  INHS 43617(1), río Napoand Quebradas.  Madre de Dios: USNM 295169(2), Parque Nacional Manu, Pakitzaand vicinity ( 7°16’S, 76°46’W);  USNM 264028(1), shore of island about 15 kmdownriver of junction of río Tambopataand río  Madre de Dios( 12°30’S, 69°8’W);  MUSM 9676(4), río  Madre de Dios, Tambopata( 12°30’49”S, 68°47’44”W).  Ucayali: USNM 280577(1), Província Coronel Portillo, main channel and side pools of  río Ucayali, 10 kmupstream of Pucallpa( 8°31’S, 74º22’W). 5220462542 ANSP J. Hauxwell Peru rio Ambyiacu 19 186 ANSP 21234 1 holotype 5220462458 UMMZ Costa Marques Bolivia -12.483334 rio Guapore 1293 -64.26667 rio Itenez 19 186 UMMZ 204248 1 Beni 5220462321 INHS Marchantaria Brazil -4.0666666 Amazonas 1307 -59.116665 19 186 INHS 66933 1 5220462477 INHS Brazil -4.2 lake Terra Preta 1307 -59.95 19 186 INHS 65906 1 5220462375 INHS Camaleao Inlet Brazil -4.0666666 Marchantaria 1307 -59.116665 19 186 INHS 73035 1 5220462524 MZUSP Brazil -0.11666667 Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira 1308 -67.083336 rio Negro 19 186 MZUSP 58853 1 5220462445 MZUSP Brazil -3.1666667 Manaus 1307 -60.0 rio Negro 19 186 MZUSP 5852 1 5220462334 MZUSP Marara Brazil 1.0333333 rio Branco 1308 -62.166668 19 186 MZUSP 30509 1 Roraima 5220462479 MCP Luis Alves Brazil -13.233334 rio Araguaia 1291 -50.583332 19 186 1 Goias 5220462547 MCP Brazil Aldeia Fontoura -4.266667 rio Araguaia 1306 -55.983334 rio Araguaia 19 186 MZUSP 53590 4 Mato Grosso 5220462500 MCP Brazil -4.266667 rio Tapajos 1306 -55.983334 Itaituba 19 186 15160 1 Para 5220462331 FMNH Santarem Brazil -0.95 1308 -46.983334 19 186 FMNH 56496 1 5220462340 [349,736,1621,1643] FMNH Ecuador Napo 19 186 FMNH 103053 1 Napo 5220462359 Ecuador -0.78333336 Destacamento Tiputini 1308 -75.55 19 186 1 Napo 5220462520 FMNH Ecuador 19 186 FMNH 94414 1 5220462436 Ecuador -0.45 Coca 1308 -76.9 19 186 1 Napo 5220462475 FMNH Jatuncocha Ecuador -1.0 rio Yasuni 1308 -75.48333 19 186 FMNH 103052 1 5220462370 FMNH Ecuador rio Tiputini 19 186 FMNH 103054 1 5220462451 Ecuador -0.81666666 Quebradas 1308 -75.51667 19 186 1 Napo 5220462374 INHS Iquitos & Requena Peru -3.7333333 Loreto 1307 -73.23333 19 186 INHS 38943 1 Loreto 5220462404 [367,789,1823,1844] INHS Peru Quebradas rio Napo 19 186 INHS 43617 1 5220462491 USNM Parque Nacional Manu & Pakitza Peru -7.266667 Madre de Dios 1303 -76.76667 19 186 USNM 295169 1 Madre de Dios 5220462504 USNM Peru rio Tambopata 19 186 USNM 264028 1 5220462501 [183,518,1938,1959] Peru -12.5 Madre de Dios 1293 -69.13333 19 186 1 Madre de Dios 5220462465 [526,725,1938,1959] MUSM Peru 19 186 MUSM 9676 1 5220462452 Peru -12.513611 Tambopata 21 -68.795555 19 186 1 Madre de Dios 5220462495 USNM Provincia Coronel Portillo Peru Ucayali 19 186 USNM 280577 1 Ucayali 5220462430 Pucallpa Peru -8.516666 rio Ucayali 1301 -74.36667 19 186 1 Ucayali