New combinations in Hawaiian Drosophila and Scaptomyza (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Magnacca, Karl N. O’Grady, Patrick M. Zootaxa 2008 1926 53 60 8VTXW 7298 [866,1009,671,697] Insecta Drosophilidae Scaptomyza Animalia Diptera 3 56 Arthropoda genus    1. White longitudinal stripe present on scutellum, anteriorly reaching at least to posterior region of mesono- tum, often extending along entire length of mesonotum; terminal fork of arista deep, each branch equal in length to dorsal rays of arista ............................................................................ subgenus  TantaliaMalloch  - Scutellum and mesonotum may be striped or unicolorous, but never with longitudinal white stripe described above; terminal fork of arista not deep, branches less than length of dorsal rays.......................2   2. Rays of arista short; chaetotaxy (e.g., katepisternal and dorsocentral setae) generally reduced; four rows of acrostichal setulae; two well-developed humeral setae .........................subgenus  ExalloscaptomyzaHardy  - Rays of arista elongate; combination of other characters not as above.......................................................3   3. Either zero or one ventral ray present on arista ......................................................................................... 4  - More than one ventral ray present on arista...............................................................................................10   4. Eight rows of acrostichal setulae present; female ovipositor sclerotized, may be needle-like and pointed.. ................................................................................................................. subgenus  TitanochaetaKnab, 24  - Acrostichal setulae present in two to six rows; female ovipositor fleshy, non-sclerotized, non-dentate....5   5. Arista lacking ventral rays...........................................................................................................................6  - One ventral ray present on arista.................................................................................................................7   6. Head flattened, longer than high; eyes strongly oblique; strong set of presutural dorsocentral setae present ....................................................................................................................subgenus  RosenwaldiaMalloch  - Head nearly square as seen in direct lateral view, lower margin approximately equal in length to the fron- tal margin; enlarged setulae may be present in presutural position, but not strong....................................... ......................................................................................................................subgenus ElmomyzaHackman   7. Two rows of acrostichal setulae present ................................................... subgenus  ParascaptomyzaDuda  - Number of acrostichal rows varies from four to six....................................................................................8   8. Wings with marks over crossveins and at apices of R and M veins. Hawai‘i, Moloka‘i, O‘ahu, Kaua‘i .... .....................................................................................................................................  S. parva(Grimshaw)  - Wings completely hyaline........................................................................................................................... 9   9. Head broader than thorax ................................................................... subgenus  AlloscaptomyzaHackman  - Head not broader than thorax. Hawai‘i........................................................................  S. taractica(Hardy)   10. Shining black species, thorax and abdomen polished black; two or three ventral rays present on arista; ocellar triangle large, extending to level of proclinate setae; acrostichal setulae present in four rows; clump of black setae on hind trochanter....................................................... subgenus  BunostomaMalloch  - Mesonotum brown (black in  S. totonigra), sometimes with longitudinal vittae; acrostichal setulae in six to eight rows; ocellar triangle not enlarged; hind trochanter lacking distinctive black setae........................11 11. Second antennal segment sharply pointed apically, extending over base of third segment; wings distinctly infuscated around veins and margins, central portions of cells mostly hyaline ............................................ ........................................................................................................... subgenus  GrimshawomyiaHardy, 22 - Second antennal segment not sharply pointed; wings hyaline or evenly smoky.......................................12   12. Tibiae yellow with two narrow brown bands, fainter on front tibia .............................................................. ..................................................................................................... subgenus  EngiscaptomyzaKaneshiro, 17  - Tibiae all yellow, or brown with yellow apices.........................................................................................13   13. Palpi greatly enlarged, protruding beyond the oral margin. Kaua‘i .........................  S. magnipalpa(Hardy)  - Palpi not enlarged, enclosed within the oral cavity when mouthparts retracted........................................14   14. Epandrium with a prominent anteroventral lobe, over half as high (dorsoventrally) as main portion of epandrium; surstyli long and broad, setulose over the concave medial surface (see Figs. 117c and 211c in Hardy, 1965)..............................................................................................................................................15  - Epandrium lacking a prominent lobe; surstyli not broad and medially setulose; mesonotum brown to black; femora dark brown.........................................................................................................................16   15. Thorax entirely yellow; ventral lobe of epandrium broader at apex than at base. O‘ahu.............................. .........................................................................................................................................  S. vinnula(Hardy)  - Mesonotum and anepisternum rufous, tinged with brown; ventral lobe of epandrium nearly parallel-sided, about as wide at apex as at base. O‘ahu ......................................................................  S. improcera(Hardy)   16. Tibiae all yellow. Moloka‘i ..............................................................................................  S. prolixa(Hardy)  - Tibiae brown except narrow bases and apices. Moloka‘i, O‘ahu................................  S. totonigra(Hardy)