Tachyphonus rubrifrons Lawrence, 1865c: 106
Heterospingus rubrifrons (Lawrence, 1865)
Hellmayr, 1936: 345
Storer, 1970: 288
Wetmore et al., 1984: 476–477
Sibley and Monroe, 1990: 744
Isler and Isler, 1999: 120–122
Tachyphonus cristatus fallax J.T. Zimmer
Tachyphonus cristatus fallax J.T. Zimmer, 1945: 18
Tachyphonus cristatus fallax J.T. Zimmer,
Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 10. Passeriformes: Emberizidae: Emberizinae, Catamblyrhynchinae, Cardinalinae, Thraupinae, And Tersininae
LeCroy, Mary
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2012
2012-06-21
2012
368
1
125
9G8C6
Lawrence
Lawrence
[161,551,1341,1364]
Aves
Thraupidae
Tachyphonus
Animalia
Passeriformes
74
74
Chordata
species
rubrifrons
Tachyphonus rubrifrons Lawrence, 1865c: 106(line of the Pan. R. Road, near Lion Hill Station). Now Heterospingus rubrifrons(Lawrence, 1865). See Hellmayr, 1936: 345, Storer, 1970: 288, Wetmore et al., 1984: 476–477, Sibley and Monroe, 1990: 744, American Ornithologists’ Union, 1998: 575, Isler and Isler, 1999: 120–122, and Dickinson, 2003: 814. SYNTYPES: AMNH 409460, male, collected by James McLeannanand John Galbraith, AMNH 409461, female, collected by McLeannan; AMNH 40962, female, collected by
McLeannan and Galbraith; AMNH 40963, male, collected by McLeannan, all from near the Lion Hill Station, ca. 09.13N, 79.54W( Siegel and Olson, 2008), of the trans-Panama railway. Fromthe George N. Lawrence Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description of rubrifrons, Lawrencestated that the first specimen he received was marked as a male, but that he believed it might be the female of T. xanthopygius. He had listed it ( Lawrence, 1861b: 331) as ‘‘ T. xanthopigius, Scl., ³. Irides reddish brown; quite rare.’’ This was probably AMNH 409463, as it was collected by McLeannan alone (as were all of the specimens reported in Lawrence (1861b). Afterwards, he had received another male and two females. The second male, AMNH 40960, is the bird described as the male in the original description of rubrifrons, as it is the specimen of the four that has the ‘‘front and part of crown dull red.’’ However, no type was designated, so all four specimensare syntypes, even though only AMNH 409460 and 409461 were marked ‘‘Type’’ by Lawrenceand only those had been included with the AMNH types. AMNH type labels have been added to the other two. All four specimenshad been marked rubrifronsby Lawrence, and this had been marked out and propinquusadded by him. The name Tachyphonus propinquuswas introduced by Lawrence (1867a: 94)as a replacement name for T. rubrifrons. He thought the dull red on the forecrown of the described male to be the result of a stain caused by some food item and considered the name ‘‘ rubrifrons’’ therefore to be inappropriate. However, inappropriateness is not a reason to reject a name (ICZN, 1999: 21, Art. 18; p. 109, G), and the name rubrifronsis the valid name (ICZN, 1999: 26, Art. 23.3.7). Hellmayr (1936: 345)listed propinquusas a synomym of rubrifrons.
Tachyphonus cristatus fallaxJ.T. Zimmer Tachyphonus cristatus fallaxJ.T. Zimmer, 1945: 18 (Puerto Indiana, mouth of the Río Napo, Perú). Now Tachyphonus cristatus fallaxJ.T. Zimmer,
1945, See Storer, 1970: 289–290, and Dickinson, 2003: 805.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 232913, adult male, collected at Puerto Indiana, ca. 03.28S, 73.03W( Stephens and Traylor, 1983), mouth of the Rio Napo, Loreto, Peru, on 3 August 1926, by Carlos Olallaand sons.
COMMENTS: Zimmercited the AMNHnumber of the holotypein the original description and listed the specimens he examined ( Zimmer, 1945: 19). Paratypesare: Ecuador, Rio Suno, above Avila, AMNH 179786–179790, three males, two females, 1–13 February 1923; below San Jose´, AMNH 183267, male, 3 April 1924, AMNH 183272, female, 18 April 1924; lower Rio Suno, AMNH 183270, female, 14 March 1924; mouth of Lagarto Cocha, AMNH 256990, male, 17 January 1926; AMNH 257126, female, 15 January 1926, all the the foregoing collected by the Olallas; El Loreto, AMNH 510816, male, 1896, from the Dalmas Collectionvia the Rothschild Collection; Sarayacu, AMNH 510817, 510818, males, undated, Buckley Collectionvia the Rothschild Collection. Peru, Sarayacu, Rio Ucayali, AMNH 238651, male, 14 July 1927, collected by the Olallas; mouth of the Rio Curaray, AMNH 256983, 256984, 256986, 256988, 256989, four males, one female, collected in March, October, December 1925, and January 1926, all collected by the Olallas; Rio Mazan, AMNH 407295, female, no date, from the Bassler Collection. See Wiley (2010)for details concerning the Olalla’s collecting localities in Peruand Ecuador.
AMNH
James McLeannan & John Galbraith & McLeannan
74
74
AMNH 409460, AMNH 409461
1
syntype
[161,619,1737,1759]
AMNH
74
74
AMNH 40962
1
syntype
AMNH
McLeannan & From & George N. & Collection
9.13
Lion Hill Station
780
-79.54
74
74
AMNH 40963
1
1926-08-03
AMNH
Peru
Carlos Olalla
75
75
-3.28
Puerto Indiana
784
-73.03
Rio Napo
74
74
AMNH 232913
1
Loreto
holotype
1923-02-01
1923-02-13
1923-02-01
AMNH
Avila
Ecuador
Rio Suno
Zimmer
75
75
AMNH 179786-179790
2
1
1
holotype
1924-04-03
1924-04-18
1924-04-03
AMNH
Ecuador
San Jose'
75
75
AMNH 183267, AMNH 183272
1
holotype
1924-03-14
AMNH
Ecuador
lower Rio Suno
75
75
AMNH 183270
1
holotype
1926-01-17
AMNH
Ecuador
Lagarto Cocha
75
75
AMNH 256990
1
holotype
1926-01-15
AMNH
Olallas
Ecuador
75
75
AMNH 257126
1
holotype
AMNH
Dalmas Collection & Rothschild Collection
Ecuador
El
75
75
AMNH 510816
1
Loreto
holotype
1927-07-14
AMNH
Olallas
Peru
Sarayacu
Rothschild Collection.
Buckley Collection
75
75
AMNH 510817, 510818, AMNH 238651
1
Ucayali
holotype
1925-12
1926-01
1925-12
AMNH
March & October & Olallas
Peru
Rio Curaray
75
75
AMNH 256983, 256984, 256986, 256988, 256989
2
1
1
Ucayali
holotype
AMNH
Bassler Collection
Peru
Rio Mazan
75
75
AMNH 407295
1
Ucayali
holotype