The medicinal plants of Myanmar DeFilipps, Robert A. Krupnick, Gary A. PhytoKeys 2018 2018-06-28 102 1 341 42E5F45E-8521-F50B-24A3-F9EE78345B15 L. L. Magnoliopsida Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia CoL Plantae Euphorbia antiquorum Malpighiales 67 68 Tracheophyta species antiquorum  Names.  Myanmar: kun, tazaung-gyi, tazaung-pyathat. English: milkhedge, fleshy spurge.  Range. Native of Southeast Asia, especially India. Widespread in Myanmar.  Uses.  Stem: Branch sliced, dried, powdered, and administered to check profuse lochial discharge; Sap: Latex applied to warts. Root: Root bark used as a purgative.  Notes. In India the whole plant used for skin infections; latex, for dropsy, as nerve tonic, and for bronchitis (with ginger and bulb of  Thysanolaena); pith for syphilis, dropsy, anasarca; bark (in combination with bark of two other species) on venereal sores; and the leaf for deafness ( Jain and DeFilipps 1991). In China the whole plant is used in a decoction to treat bladder inflammation; raw plant tissues are used internally for cholera; the stem latex is applied to warts, and the stem is compressed onto large boils ( Duke and Ayensu 1985). Perry (1980)discusses the uses of this species in China, Indo-China, and the Malay Peninsula, as well as Myanmar. Chemical constituents of the plant include cycloartenol, epifriedelanol, euphol, euphorbol, friedelan-3alpha-ol, friedelan-3beta-ol, taraxerol, and taraxerone ( Duke and Ayensu 1985). The therapeutic use of this species is about the same as  E. neriifolia(see below), but it is somewhat more poisonous; it is also used as a fish poison. This species and  E. neriifoliaappear to contain the same elements and have similar poisonous properties. Reported constituents of the latex are euphorbon, resin, rubber, malic acid, and gum ( Perry 1980).  Reference.  Perry (1980).