Redescription and new records of Ontholestes brasilianus Bernhauer, 1906 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)
Costa-Silva, Vinícius
Asenjo, Angélico
Newton, Alfred F.
Thyssen, Patricia J.
Zootaxa
2018
2018-03-01
4388
1
143
150
74MJG
Bernhauer, 1906
Bernhauer. Schematic
1906
[151,648,1482,1509]
Insecta
Staphylinidae
Ontholestes
GBIF
Animalia
Coleoptera
1
144
Arthropoda
species
brasilianus
Type specimens: LECTOTYPE 1♂ (here designated): “Brasilia / ex coll.Fruhstorfer[printed in green label]”, “c. Epplsh. / Steind. d.[printed in white label]”, “ brasilianus/ Bernh. Typus [handwritten in old white label]”, “Chicago NHMus / M.Bernhauer / Collection[printed in white label]”, “Lectotype / Ontholestes/ brasilianus/ Bernhauer / designated by / A.Newton 1979[1 st andthe two last lines printed, others handwritten in red label]”, “Bernhauer Brazil Types / PHOTOGRAPHED / E. Caron 2017[printed in blue label]”, “[QR code in left lateral] / FMNHINS / 3048932 / FIELD MUSEUM / Pinned[printed in white label]” (FMNH). PARALECTOTYPE 1♂: “Stett.” or “Shtt.”[handwritten], “ brasilianus Brh. Typ.unic. / det. Bernhauer[handwritten except last line printed]”, “Typus”, “Lectotype / Ontholestes/ brasilianus/ Bernhauer / designated by / A.Newton 1989[1 st andthe two last lines printed, others handwritten on yellow label]” (NMW). Note:In the original description, Bernhauer (1906)indicated that he studied two specimens, one in his collection and one in the naturhistorisches Hofmuseum in Wien (Vienna), from Brazil without further indication of locality. One of us (AFN) previously studied both specimens, and labeled these as lectotype and paralectotype in 1979 and 1989, respectively, but these designations have not been previously published. We also studied photographs of the FMNH lectotype.
Diagnosis. Ontholestes brasilianusis easily distinguished from O. murinusby the characters cited in the key above, and by the pattern of microsetal coloration on the body, mainly on the head, pronotum and abdomen. The length and setation of the parameres is very different between these species (very short and glabrous in O. brasilianusas shown in Figs. 6–7, and long with several apical setae in O. murinus (Yang & Zhou, 2012, fig. 5D–E)). The apex of the median lobe of the aedeagus is abruptly bent dorsally in O. brasilianus( Fig. 6), and is nearly straight in O. murinus( Yang & Zhou, 2012, fig. 5D–E).
Redescription. Adult male and female.Body length 12.0– 16.4 mm(not including mandibles). Body covered by microsetae with white, yellowish and black color. Head: Habitus as in Fig 1. Wider than long (HW: 3.7; HL: 2.1), with genal area prominent and rounded; anterior edge concave and posterior edge straight. Vertex area flat. Eyes prominent, almost 2/3 the length of disk of head (YL: 1.53); Clypeus rectangular with white color. Translucent labrum wider than long, strongly bilobate with long setae medially. Disk of head with long setae ( Fig. 12). Antennae ( Fig. 5) with scape gradually thickened. Scape length (without peduncle) 1.05 mm, width (maximum) 0.28 mm, pedicel shorter than scape (0.49: 0.21), antennomere 3 longer than wide (0.69: 0.21), antennomere 4 (0.36: 0.21) longer than wide, antennomere 5 longer than wide (0.34: 0.22), antennomere 6 subquadrate (0.25: 0.25), antennomere 7 subquadrate (0.25: 0.25), antennomere 8 wider than long (0.22: 0.25), antennomere 9 wider than long (0.21: 0.27), antennomere 10 wider than long (0.21: 0.25), antennomere 11 longer than wide (0.40: 0.30); segments 5–11 densely covered with microsetae; segments 6–11 asymmetric. Mandibles large (ML: 3.44), each with three small medial teeth ( Fig. 3, but note that one ventral tooth on each mandible is concealed there). Thorax:Pronotum as wide as long (PL: 2.73; PW: 2.73), trapezoidal in shape with lateral margin narrower posteriorly; anterior edge straight and posterior edge convex; humeral angle slightly prominent; lateral margin concave in posterior half. Disk of pronotum with some small tubercles on surface; prosternum triangularly projected with marked transverse line. Pronotum with long setae along lateral edge ( Fig. 14). Legs:long with dense setae; all coxae black, femora with black and yellow markings, tibiae and tarsi yellow or orange, except protarsomeres 1–4 which are darker; mesofemora with ventral and dorsal face sinuate; metafemora long and parallel; meso and metatibiae each with apical spine; tarsi pentamerous; each last tarsomere long, with one pair of falciform tarsal claws and small bisetose empodium; first four protarsomeres markedly dilated and each densely covered by tenant setae ventrally. Elytra:quadrate in shape with length and width similar (EL: 4.20; EW: 4.14); anterior edge concave; lateral margins slightly convex; posterior edge medially with “V” shaped emargination at middle; humeral region rounded; scutellum rounded at base and narrow towards the apex. Abdomen:Terga and sterna III–VII with white, black and blond microsetae; black microsetae predominate along the middle region of segments III–V. Terga III–VII with transverse basal carina and two paratergites per segment, in segment VII the inner paratergite is small and triangular in shape. Male:Sternum VII with small median apical emargination ( Fig. 12). Sternum VIII with deep emargination in median apical edge in shape of “V” ( Fig. 11). Tergites IX ( Figs. 9–10) long, straight, covered with prominent macrosetae. Tergum X subtriangular, obtusely angulate at apex ( Fig. 10). Sternum IX asymmetrical and slightly emarginate at the apex ( Fig. 9). Aedeagus as in Figs. 6–8; paramere small, symmetrical, triangular in shape with rounded apex lacking setae. Median lobe symmetrical, curved and bulbous at base; in lateral view apex abruptly bent dorsally. Female: Habitus as in Fig 2. The female has the same general characters as the male, but has a smaller head and shorter mandibles (ML: 1.83) ( Fig. 4). Also, the posterior margins of sterna VII and VIII of the female are rounded, without emargination. Habitat and biology.This species has been recorded from Amazon Forest, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Caatinga and Pantanal biomes in Brazil, and can be collected in all seasons using feces (from cow, cattle or human) or chicken gizzards as bait. In general, the specimens have been associated with larvae of Sarcophagidae (Diptera), most likely because they are feeding on them. New Records. GUYANA: Rupununi, Kuyuwini River, 2°16'N, 58°16'W, 22.xi. W.G. Hassler(4 AMNH). SURINAME: Paramaribo, Paramaribo, 5m, 5°50'N, 55°10'W, J. MichaelisS.V. (1 ZMHB). PERU: Madre de Dios, Tampopata, Puerto Maldonado( 15kmNE), Reserva CuzcoAmazónico, 200m, 12°36,3'S, 69°3'W, 13.vi.1989, J.S. Ashe& R.A. Leschen( 1♀ SEMC). BOLIVIA: Laz Paz, Yungas de la Paz, 16°10'S, 67°30'W, ( 1♀ ZMHB). Cochabamba, Chaparé, 400m, 16°30'S, 65°30'W, 7.iv.1946, R.Zischka( 1♂ NMW). Santa Cruz, Río Yapacani, 17°27'S, 63°40'W, J. Steinbach(1 CMNH); Gutiérrez, Prov. Gutiérrez, 16°50'S, 63°55'W, J. Steinbach S.V. (1 ZMHB); Ichilo, Parque Nacional Amboró, 700m, 17°39'S, 63°43'W, 26.xii.1988, human feces, P. Bettella, (1♂ UASC); Ichilo, Parque Nacional Amboró, Río Saguayo, 700m, 17°39'S, 63°43'W, 28.xii.1988, human feces, P. Bettella, ( 1♂, 1♀ UASC). BRAZIL: Goiás, Leopoldo Bulhoes, 16°37'S, 48°46'W, xi.1937, Nick( 1♀ MZSP); Jataí, 700m, 17°53'S, 51°43'W(2 IRSNB); Jataí, 700m, 17°53'S, 51°43'W, 1895, C. Pujol(6 MNHN); Jataí, 700m, 17°53'S, 51°43'W, 1898, C. Pujol(1 MNHN); Jataí, 700m, 17°53'S, 51°43'W, 20.iv.1904( 1♂ FMNH). Pará, Itaituba, Rio Tapajóz, 4°13'S, 56°1'W, vi.1964, Diringsleg. ( 1♀ MZSP); Canindé, Rio Gurupi, 2°34'S, 46°31'W, 7–11.iv.1963, B. Malkin(1 FMNH); Santarém, 36m, 2°26'S, 54°42'W, H.H. Smith(4 CMNH); Santarém, 36m, 2°26'S, 54°42'W, iii.1896, H.H. Smith(1 BMNH); Santarém, 36m, 2°26'S, 54°42'W, vi.1896(1 BMNH); Tucuruí, 3°42'S, 49°27'W, i.1979, M. Alvarenga(1 CNC). Paraná, Salto Yguassu[= Iguaçu], Puerto Agurra, 29–30.xi.1914, Strelnikov & Tanasiychuk ( 1♀ ZIN). Mato Grosso, Barra do Tapirapé, 10°41'S, 50°38'W, 6.xii.1962, B. Malkin( 1♀ FMNH); Chapadados Guimarães, 793m, 15°26'S, 55°45'W, viii, H.H. Smith(1 CMNH); Chapadados Guimarães, 793m, 15°26'S, 55°45'W, x, H.H. Smith(1 CMNH); São Domingos, 13°30'S, 51°23'W, 25.viii.1914, Strelnikov & Tanasiychuk ( 1♂ ZIN); Sinop, 12°31'S, 55°37'W, x.1975, M. Alvarenga(14 CNC); Sinop, 12°31'S, 55°37'W, x.1976, M. Alvarenga(2 CNC); Villa Vera, 12°46'S, 55°30’W, x.1973, M. Alvarenga(2 AMNH); Mato Grossodo Sul, Corumbá, 116m, 19°1'S, 57°39'W(1 NMW); Corumbá, 116m, 19°1'S, 57°39'W, Bang- Haas( 1♀ FMNH); Itaum, Dourados, 22°0'S, 55°20'W, iii.1974, M. Alvarenga (2 AMNH); Maracaju, 385m, 21°38'S, 55°9'W, iv.1937, G. Fairchild( 1♂and 1♀ MCZ). Bahia, Iguassú, 12°55'S, 41°3'W, 12.vii, Sv. Amaz.- Exp. Roman(1 NHRS); Ilhéus, Faz. Alameda, 45m, 14°49'S, 39°2'W, vii. 1944, L. Gomes (2 USNM); Salobro, 13°49'S, 40°9'W, 6.vii.1885, E. Gounelle(2 IRSNB). Minas Gerais, [ Withoutspecific locality], 1897, Fruhstorfer(2 MNHN). Espírito Santo, Conceição da Barra( 12 kmE), Pedro Canario Fazenda Klabin, 7m, 18°35'S, 39°45'W, xii.1972, J.F. Abravaya(1 LACM). São Paulo, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, 302m, 22°30’41.50”S, 52°21’28.47”W, 16.iv.2017, moela [chicken gizzard used as bait], V. Costa-Silvaleg. ( 1♀, 1♂same label CEMT); Porto Cabral, Rio Paraná, 22°17'S, 52°38'W, 2–31.iii.1944, Trav. Fo., Carrera& E. Dente( 1♀ MZSP). [Without specific state or locality],Shtt. (1♂ NMW); Frühstofer (1♂ FMNH); K. Brancsik (1♂ FMNH). PARAGUAY: Caaguazú, Caaguazú, 375m, 25°26'S, 56°2'W, xii.1948, F.H. Schade( 1♂ NMW). Caazapa, Rivacue, prop. Veva de Cuevafamily, San Rafael Res., 80m, 26°18,1'S, 55°37'W, 7.xii.2000, Z.H. Falin( 1♂ SEMC). Guairá, Paso Yavay, 200m, 25°45'S, 56°26'W, x.1938, F. Schade(1 NMW); Villa Rica, 200m, 25°45'S, 56°26'W[ West], xii.1927, F. Schade(1 NMW); Villa Rica, 200m, 25°45'S, 56°26'W, viii.1928, F. Schade(1 NMW). Itapúa, Hohenau, 27°5'S, 55°45'W, Fassl(1 FMNH). [ Withoutspecific state or locality], 7.iv, C. FiebrigS.V. (2 ZMHB). ARGENTINA: Misiones, [without specific locality], C. Bruch( 1♀ FMNH); [without specific locality], C. Bruch (1♂ MACN); Iguazu, 30.i.1985, J.E. Barriga( 1♂ JEBC). Salta, Vespucio.xi,1985, M. Viana( 1♂ JEBC). [Without specific state or locality], A. Breyer (1♀ MACN).
Distribution.The records from Guyana, Suriname, Bolivia, and Paraguay( Fig. 15) are new records for these countries. The geographical distribution of O. brasilianusis apparently restricted to South America.
1828873213
[199,1432,1122,1145]
22. xi.
AMNH
W. G. Hassler
Guyana
New Records.
2.2666667
Kuyuwini River
1307
-58.266666
Rupununi
3
146
1
1828873215
[151,1154,1157,1180]
ZMHB
Michaelis
Suriname
5
5.8333335
Paramaribo
1305
-55.166668
3
146
1
Paramaribo
1828873166
1989-06-13
PERU, SEMC
J. S. Ashe & R. A. Leschen
Peru
Madre de Dios
200
-12.605
Puerto Maldonado
908
-69.05
Tampopata
3
146
1
1
Madre de Dios
1828873178
[485,1266,1226,1249]
ZMHB
Bolivia
-16.166666
Laz Paz, Yungas de la Paz
1282
-67.5
3
146
1
1
Laz Paz, Yungas de la Paz
1828873164
1946-04-07
NMW
R. Zischka
Bolivia
400
-16.5
Chapare
1282
-65.5
3
146
1
1
Cochabamba
1828873163
CMNH
Steinbach
Bolivia
-17.45
Rio Yapacani
1278
-63.666668
3
146
1
Santa Cruz
1828873181
1988-12-28
UASC
P. Bettella
Bolivia
Ichilo
700
-17.65
Rio Saguayo
1277
-63.716667
Parque Nacional Amboro
3
146
2
1
1
Santa Cruz
1828873207
1937-11
MZSP
Nick
Brazil
-16.616667
Leopoldo Bulhoes
1281
-48.766666
3
146
1
1
Goias
1828873203
[966,1432,1400,1423]
IRSNB
Brazil
700
-17.883333
Jatai
1277
-51.716667
3
146
1
Goias
1828873169
[151,784,1434,1457]
MNHN
C. Pujol
Brazil
700
-17.883333
Jatai
1277
-51.716667
3
146
1
Goias
1828873222
[798,1431,1434,1457]
MNHN
C. Pujol
Brazil
700
-17.883333
Jatai
1277
-51.716667
3
146
1
Goias
1828873211
[151,754,1469,1492]
1904-04-20
FMNH
Brazil
700
-17.883333
Jatai
1277
-51.716667
3
146
1
1
Goias
1828873176
1964-06
MZSP
Dirings
Brazil
-4.2166667
Rio Tapajoz
1306
-56.016666
Itaituba
3
146
1
1
Para
1828873172
[345,1168,1504,1527]
1963-04-07
1963-04-11
1963-04-07
FMNH
B. Malkin
Brazil
-2.5666666
Rio Gurupi
1307
-46.516666
Caninde
3
146
1
Para
1828873177
CMNH
Smith
Brazil
36
-2.4333334
Santarem
1307
-54.7
3
146
1
Para
1828873170
[527,1251,1538,1561]
1896-03
BMNH
H. H. Smith
Brazil
36
-2.4333334
Santarem
1307
-54.7
3
146
1
Para
1828873174
1896-06
BMNH
Brazil
36
-2.4333334
Santarem
1307
-54.7
3
146
1
Para
1828873219
[593,1259,1573,1596]
1979-01
CNC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
-3.7
Tucurui
1307
-49.45
3
146
1
Para
1828873183
1914-11-29
1914-11-30
1914-11-29
ZIN
Brazil
Salto Yguassu
Puerto Agurra
Iguacu
3
146
1
1
Parana
1828873171
1962-12-06
FMNH
B. Malkin
Brazil
-10.683333
Barra do Tapirape
1297
-50.633335
3
146
1
1
Mato Grosso
1828873202
CMNH
H. H. Smith
Brazil
793
-15.433333
Guimaraes
1285
-55.75
Chapada
3
146
1
Mato Grosso
1828873209
[419,1256,1677,1700]
CMNH
H. H. Smith
Brazil
793
-15.433333
Guimaraes
1285
-55.75
Chapada
3
146
1
Mato Grosso
1828873179
1914-08-25
ZIN
Brazil
-13.5
Sao Domingos
1290
-51.383335
3
146
1
1
Mato Grosso
1828873208
1975-10
CNC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
-12.516666
Sinop
1293
-55.616665
3
146
1
Mato Grosso
1828873221
[229,839,1746,1769]
1976-10
CNC
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
-12.516666
Sinop
1293
-55.616665
3
146
1
Mato Grosso
1828873210
1973-10
AMNH
M. Alvarenga
Brazil
-12.766666
Villa Vera
1292
-55.5
3
146
1
Mato Grosso
1828873168
[257,982,1781,1804]
NMW
Brazil
116
-19.016666
Corumba
1273
-57.65
3
146
1
Mato Grosso do Sul
1828873167
FMNH
Haas
Brazil
116
-19.016666
Corumba
1273
-57.65
3
146
1
1
Mato Grosso do Sul
1828873165
1937-04
MCZ
G. Fairchild
Brazil
385
-21.633333
Maracaju
1263
-55.15
3
146
2
1
1
Mato Grosso do Sul
1828873218
12. vii
NHRS
Sv. Amaz. & Exp. Roman
Brazil
-12.916667
Iguassu
1292
-41.05
3
146
1
Bahia
1828873175
1885-07-06
IRSNB
E. Gounelle
Brazil
-13.816667
Salobro
1289
-40.15
3
146
1
Bahia
1828873184
[544,1332,1920,1943]
MNHN
Without & Fruhstorfer
Brazil
Minas Gerais
3
146
1
Minas Gerais
1828873214
1972-12
LACM
J. F. Abravaya
Brazil
7
-18.583334
Pedro Canario Fazenda Klabin
1275
-39.75
Conceicao da Barra
3
146
1
Espirito Santo
1828873201
2017-04-16
CEMT
V. Costa-Silva
Brazil
302
4
147
-22.511528
Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo
1
-52.357906
3
146
2
1
1
Sao Paulo
1828873217
1944-03-02
1944-03-31
1944-03-02
MZSP
Trav. Fo. & Carrera & E. Dente
Brazil
-22.283333
Porto Cabral
1260
-52.633335
4
147
1
1
Parana
1828873220
1948-12
NMW
F. H. Schade
Paraguay
375
-25.433332
Caaguazu
1246
-56.033333
4
147
1
1
PARAGUAY
1828873205
2000-12-07
SEMC
Z. H. Falin
Paraguay
Rivacue
80
-26.301666
San Rafael Res.
834
-55.616665
Veva de Cueva
4
147
1
1
Caazapa
1828873206
1938-10
NMW
F. Schade
Paraguay
200
-25.75
Paso Yavay
1245
-56.433334
4
147
1
Guaira
1828873216
[282,1119,325,348]
1927-12
NMW
F. Schade
Paraguay
200
-25.75
West
1245
-56.433334
Villa Rica
4
147
1
Guaira
1828873212
1928-08
NMW
F. Schade
Paraguay
200
-25.75
Villa Rica
1245
-56.433334
4
147
1
Guaira
1828873204
[598,1167,360,383]
FMNH
Fassl
Paraguay
-27.083334
Hohenau
1239
-55.75
4
147
1
Itapua
1828873173
7. iv
ZMHB
C. Fiebrig
Paraguay
Without
4
147
1
Itapua
1828873182
FMNH
C. Bruch
Argentina
Misiones
4
147
1
1
Misiones
1828873180
[794,1251,429,452]
1985-01-30
JEBC
J. E. Barriga
Argentina
Iguazu
4
147
1
1
Misiones
1828873223
JEBC
Vespucio. & M. Viana
Argentina
Salta
4
147
1
1
Salta