A review of the genus Homonotus D, 1843 in the West Palaearctic region with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) Schmid-Egger, Christian Linzer biologische Beiträge 2018 2018-07-27 50 1 809 824 3MHDR Radoszkowski 1893 [178,449,1408,1430] Insecta Pompilidae Homonotus Animalia Hymenoptera 8 817 Arthropoda species transcaspicus    Homonotus balcanicus HAUPT, 1927: 292, female. Holotypefemale: Montenegro, Lipab. Cetinje,  600m,  19.VI.1911(leg. Spaney- Schumacher, Berlin). Examined, new synonym.   Homonotus collarisGUSSAKOWSKIJ, 1952: 211, male, female. Typefemale: 7.VIII 1933(leg. B. Popov). male: 12 VII 1934.: 804. Not examined, new synonym.   Homonotus ruficollisHAUPT, 1962: 70 Male. Holotypemale: Ramat Hasharon, 19.VII ( Tel Aviv). Paratypemale: Ramat Hasharon, 19.VII ( Tel Aviv). Not examined, new synonym.   Re c o r d s: Bulgaria: 12 females 12 males  1967-1971 Sandanskiand Slancev Brjag( OLL). Croatia: 1 female  22.vi.1965 Baska, Insel Krk( OLL). Israel: 1 female  2.vi.2012 Habikurim, N32°30'/E 34°54' ( CSE). Italy: 1 male  14.vi.1991 Noli(Savona), Ligurien( OLL). Montenegro: 1 female  19.vi.1911 Lipab. Cetinje,  600m( holotypeof  H. balcanicus). (Berlin). Syria: 4 females  22.v.1996  40 kmNE Damascus( OLL). Turkey: 1 female   20 kmS Iskenderum,   3 kmS Güzlyaya  5.vii.1996, 2 males  20.vi.1998SSE Milas( CSE); 1 female   10.vi.1998  21.v.1970 Mut; 1 female 1 male  8.v.1970 Urfa; 1 female 1 male  8.vii.1997  25 kmE Malatya; 1 male  11.vi.1964 Kusdasi, 1 male  12.vi.1970 Urgüp/ Göreme; 1 male  16.viii.1991 Nemrut Dag  2000 mNN; 2 males  20.vii.2006  20 kmSW Burdur( OLL). Turkmenistan: 1 female  13.v.1993Sandikatzienv. ( OLL). Female. Environs de Merv.( 37°39'46.09''N, 62°11'33.07''E). Holotypeof  H. transcaspicus. (Berlin).  Uzbekistan: 1 female 8 males  12.v.1994Papngan,   20 kmNW Kokand, 41.2N 70,6E; 1 male  28.4.1978Buchara, Kysyl-Kum ( OLL). D i s c u s s i o n:  Homonotus transcaspicuswas not recognized as separate species by most former authors. H. Wolf (pers. comm) treated all red-coloured females from Central Asia as  H. sanguinolentusor as  H. collaris. During the present study, it was possible to clear the taxonomic situation of the  Homonotusspecies from Central and West Asia and East Europe as well as the nomenclatorial situation of different taxa names. Only YASUMATSU (1932)lists all these species, without further comment, as valid. It is clear now by the present results that most specimens from this area belong to one species, different from  H. sanguinolentus. The first available name is Wesmaelinius transcaspicus RADOSZKOWSKI, 1893(now in genus  Homonotus), and therefore other names often used in the past (see above) become junior synonyms of this taxon name.  Homonotus transcaspicuscan clearly be distinguished from the similar  H. sanguinolentusand  H. nigerin both sexes by the deeply impressed metanotum. Females also differ by colour pattern. Genetic barcoding supports this species concept (Schmid- Egger in prep.). It is noteworthy, that already RADOSZKOWSKI (1893: for  H. transcaspicus) and GUSSAKOWSKI (1952: for  H. collaris) recognized the deeply impressed metanotum as different between  H. transcaspicusand  H.sanguinolentus s.lat.However, GUSSAKOWSKI (1952) overlooked the description of RADOSZKOWSKI (1893). Haupt described the species twice from Balkans as  Homonotus balcanicusand from Israelas  Homonotus ruficollis, and WOLF (1972)also used this character in his key for Central European Pompilidae, but had no clear species concept for the whole genus outside of Central Europe (e.g. WOLF 2003). The type specimen of Wesmaelinius transcaspicusis a male and not a female as indicated in the description of RADOSZKOWSKI (1893). This male in the Berlincollection carries a handwritten label " transcaspicus", what is the original handwriting of Radoszkowski (A. Antropov pers. com.) Because there is no other type specimen in the Moscowcollection, and many types of Radoszkowski had been transferred to Berlin, I treat it as the true type. Radoszkowski probably confused the sex. The detailed description of Radoszkowski is exact and refers without doubt to that species. For that reason, I designate this male as holotype. It belongs to a male with red pronotum, what is much rarer than the all black form of males. The examined typespecies of  Homonotus balcanicusHAUPT, 1927agree with  H.  transcaspicusand is a new synonym.  Homonotus balcanicuswas treated as a synonym of  H. sanguinolentusin YILDIRIM &WAHIS (2011).   Homonotus ruficolliswas described by HAUPT (1962) from Israelby males only. The description agrees with the above mentioned male, a newly collected female from Israelis also similar in morphology and colour pattern with the exception of a red mesocutum. Consequently,  H. ruficollisis also a junior synonym of  H.transcaspicus. nov.syn.   Homonotus collarisGUSSAKOWSKIJ (1952)is a true  H. transcaspicusand therefore also a new synonymof the latter. The typewas not examined, but the description (in Russian) is precisely and includes important characters as the deeply impressed metanotum and the red thorax colour of the male. D i a g n o s i s:  Homonotus transcaspicusis unique among Palearctic  Homonotusby its marked longitudinal medial furrow on the metanotum. This furrow is always as long as metanotum, and often divides the metanotum in two parts, whereas it is restricted to the apical half or third in  H. nigerand  H. sanguinicollis. The character is easy visible in (most) males and more variable in females. Females always have a red pronotum, whereas the remaining metasoma including propodeum is black. Two females from Syria(among 4 femalesfrom the same area) have the pronotum black, but the deeply impressed metanotum identifies the specimens clearly. Males are all black or have pronotum red (the latter in Central Asia only). F e m a l e: Body length 7-8 mm. Colour: Black, red are the apical clypeal margin and the pronotum. Apical margin of tergite I and base of tergite II with lateral bands of silvery pubescence, bands medially widely interrupted (bands each 1/3 of tergal width. Tergite II apically with continuous band. Bands as large as width of hindtiba apically (in lateral view), basal band II somewhat larger. Wings infuscate, apical spurs of mid- and hindtibia yellowish. Morphology: Apical clypeal margin in 2/3 of its length slightly emarginated. Maximal length of gena and distance between hindoellus and hindmargin of head as long as 0,8x length of antennal segment III. Antennal segment III as long as antennal segment IV. Apex of scutellum with impression, metanotum with longitudinal furrow, apically triangular emarginated. M a l e: Body length 6-7 mm. Black, red are the apical clypeal margin and the pronotum, Pubescent bands of tergite similar to female. Morphology: Apical clypeal margin widely rounded, with a very small median impression. Gena above as wide as length of scape, below narrow (less than midocellar diameter). Pronotum 1.4x as wide as long. Apex of scutellum with impression, metanotum with longitudinal furrow, apically triangular emarginated. Hindtibial spurs white, 0,8x a s long as metatarsus. V a r i a t i o n: Two females from Syria(among 4 females) have pronotum black, but the deeply impressed metanotum identifies the specimens clearly. A female form Israelhas pronotum and also mesoscutum red. Some males from Central Asia (among them the typespecimens) have the pronotum red. These red males occur together with black males, because in 9 malesfrom Kokand ( Uzbekistan) collected on the same date, only one male has the pronotum red. D i s t r i b u t i o n: From Central Asia to Balkans and eastern Mediterranean area, southwards to Israel. The distribution in the Mediterranean area is not clear. An isolated record from northwestern Italy( Liguria) bases on males only and may be doubtful. 2852846316 A. Antropov & Berlin & Radoszkowski Turkmenistan 37.662804 Female. Environs de Merv. 1 62.19252 8 817 1 Mary Welayaty holotype 2852846317 [394,521,1547,1568] 1911-06-19 Serbia 600 Lipa Cetinje 8 817 1 holotype 2852846304 1911-06-19 2012-06-02 1911-06-19 R, OLL, CSE Habikurim, N Bulgaria Sandanski 600 41.2 Baska 6952 70.6 Slancev Brjag 9 818 56 25 31 Liguria holotype 2852846310 1911-06-19 2012-06-02 1911-06-19 R, OLL, CSE Habikurim, N Bulgaria Sandanski 600 41.2 Baska 6952 70.6 Slancev Brjag 9 818 56 25 31 Liguria holotype