Cadulus (Platyschides) braziliensis Henderson, 1920: 124 Turner, 1955: 316 Scarabino, 1970: 41 Penna-Neme, 1974: 115 Steiner & Kabat, 2004: 570 Cadulus (Platyschides) brasiliensis Rios, 1966: 7 1970: 143 1975: 182 Platyschides braziliensis Scarabino, 1980: 113 Cadulus braziliensis Absalão et al., 2005: 175-178 Comparative morphology among representatives of main taxa of Scaphopoda and basal protobranch Bivalvia (Mollusca) Simone, Luiz Ricardo L. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 2009 2009-12-31 49 32 405 457 6K6YZ (Henderson, 1920) Henderson 1920 [791,1194,823,848] Scaphopoda Gadilidae Gadila Animalia Gadilida 12 417 Mollusca species braziliensis   ( Figs. 23-29, 87-94)      Cadulus (Platyschides) braziliensis Henderson, 1920: 124(pl. 19, fig. 16);  Turner, 1955: 316;  Scarabino, 1970: 41(pl. 1, fig. 1); 1973, 198-199 (fig. 6); 1975: 182 (pl. 58, fig. 887); 1985: 201 (pl. 73, fig. 1032); 1994: 309 (pl. 107, fig. 1520);  Penna-Neme, 1974: 115;  Steiner & Kabat, 2004: 570, 715.    Cadulus (Platyschides) brasiliensis:  Rios, 1966: 7;  1970: 143;  1975: 182(pl. 58, fig. 887) (err).    Platyschides braziliensis:  Scarabino, 1980: 113(pl. 1, fig. 9).  Gadilabraziliensis: Steiner&Kabat,2001: 445;2004: 570; Caetano, 2007: 150-153 (figs. 141-142).    Cadulus braziliensis:  Absalão et al.,2005: 175-178(fig. 2); 2006: 67.   Type:  holotypeand paratype USNM 96113.    Typelocality: BRAZIL, off Rio de Janeiro, 23°08’S 41°34’W,  108 mdepth(USBF).   Distinctive Description  Shell ( Figs. 23-25, 29):Size about 8 mm, walls thin, color white-translucent, regularly curved; outer surface smooth, glossy. Relatively abrupt widening (tax of increase about 0.133 mm/mm of length). Wider portion weak, located approximately in anterior 1/5 of shell. Weakly dorso-ventrally compressed. Anterior aperture oblique, elliptical. Posterior aperture about half of anterior aperture, circular. Other details in above given references.  Main muscle system ( Fig. 88):Components similar to those described for  Polyschides noronhensis.  Foot ( Figs. 87, 88):Mostly similar in features to that of preceding species. Tip clearly rounded, stubby.  Mantle ( Figs. 87, 88):General features as described for  Polyschides noronhensis.  Pallial cavity ( Fig. 87):Characters similar to those described for  Polyschides noronhensis,except in lacking transverse folds in posterior level of foot-visceral mass, pallial gland, and transverse fold located close to mantle edge.  Visceral mass ( Figs. 88):Similar organization of preceding species.  Digestive system ( Figs. 88-92):Mostly similar to  Polyschides noronhensischaracters, distinctive features following: Odontophore muscles ( Figs. 28, 89-92): mj, inconspicuous; m4, pair slightly narrower ( Figs. 90, 91); m6, narrower 1/8 of each odontophore cartilages thickness ( Figs. 28, 91, 92). Odontophore cartilages (oc) with ventral edge with wide furrow in middle level ( Fig. 92). Radular teeth ( Figs. 26, 27): pair of lateral teeth with three sub-terminal cusps in median third, being that more lateral approximately twice larger than remaining ( Fig. 26). Intestine slightly broader; performing 3-4 simple loops ( Fig. 88: in). Anus a relative wide papilla ( Fig. 87: an).  Genital system ( Figs. 87):Features similar to those of preceding species.  Central nervous system ( Figs. 88, 94, 95):Features similar to those described for  Polyschides noronhensis.Nerve connected to each cerebral ganglion wider in vicinity of these ganglia, forming almost a ganglion.  Measurements (respectively antero-posterior length, dorso-ventral maximal lateral inflation in mm; finally tax of increase in mm/mm of length): MZUSP46736: #1: 7.8 by 1.3, 0.166; #2: 7.4 by 1.1, 0.149.  Distribution: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to La Plata river, Argentina.  Habitat:Sandy bottoms, from 23 to 220 mdepth. Content of buccal tube several foranmifer testa.  Material examined:  Types. BRAZIL( R.V.W. Besnard). Rio de Janeiro. Angra dos Reis; 23°13’S 44°24’W,  36 mdepth, MZUSP 18761, 2 specimens( R.V.W. Besnardsta. 340,  19/iii/1969). São Paulo. Ubatuba; 23°47’S 44°58’W,  47 mdepth, MZUSP 46736, 11 specimens(P.I. sta. 4854,  17/xii/1985).  Class Bivalvia  Family Nuculidae  Genus  EnnuculaIredale, 1931( Type:  Nucula obliquaLamarck, 1819, OD) [776,1168,1432,1456] USNM 12 417 USNM 96113 2 holotype Brazil 108 -23.133333 Rio de Janeiro 1257 -41.566666 12 417 1 Rio de Janeiro holotype 1969-03-19 1985-12-17 1969-03-19 MZUSP R. V. W. Besnard & Angra dos Reis Brazil 36 -23.783333 Rio de Janeiro 1254 -44.966667 13 418 MZUSP 18761, MZUSP 46736 13 Rio de Janeiro holotype