Smeringopus hypocrita Simon 1910: 190 S. similis Kraus 1957: 232–233 Kraus 1984: 380 Revision and cladistic analysis of the Afrotropical endemic genus Smeringopus Simon, 1890 (Araneae: Pholcidae) HUBER, BERNHARD A. Zootaxa 2012 2012-09-07 3461 1 1 138 4XVHL Simon, 1910 Simon 1910 [151,592,151,177] Arachnida Pholcidae Smeringopus Animalia Araneae 73 74 Arthropoda species hypocrita   Figs. 424–425, 438, 443–444, 459–460, 476–482      Smeringopus hypocrita Simon 1910: 190(except female from Kubub; see  S. similis).  Kraus 1957: 232–233, figs. 53–58.  Kraus 1984: 380, fig. 6 (copied from Kraus 1957). Types. Male lectotype(see Notes below) and  2♀ paralectotypesfrom South Africa, Northern Cape Province, Kamaggas[= Komaggas, 29°47.9’S, 17°29.2’E], 1904 ( L. Schultze), in ZMB(2 vials: 10462, 10464).  1♀ 1 juv.(2 vials) paralectotypesfrom South Africa, Northern Cape Province, Steinkopf[ 29°15.8’S, 17°44.1’E], 1904 ( L. Schultze), in ZMB(10463, second vial without number).  2♂ 1♀ paralectotypesfrom Namibia, “Gubub” [locality not identified, see Notes below], date not given [1903–1905] ( L. Schultze), in MNHN(10483). All types examined.  Notes. Kraus (1957)explicitly designated the male from Komaggas as lectotype, but on labels he identified one of the two femalesas lectotypeand the male and the second female as paralectotypes. I follow the publication rather than the labels and consider the male as the lectotype. The paralectotype-locality “Gubub” (=Kubub?) could not be identified; at least six Kubub exist in southern Namibia. Diagnosis. Distinguished from similar congeners by shapes of procursus (distal structures, Figs. 476, 477), bulb (processes of embolus, Figs. 480, 481), very lateral cheliceral apophyses ( Fig. 478; similar  S. sederbergand  S. atomarius), and shape of epigynum ( Fig. 459; simple plate with small round pockets in very lateral position; like  S. sederberg). Male (Kap Kap). Total body length 4.8, carapace width 1.7. Leg 1: 39.1 (10.4 + 0.6 + 10.1 + 15.8 + 2.2), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 5.8, tibia 4: 8.1; tibia 1 L/d: 57. Habitus as in Fig. 424. Carapace ochre-yellow with brown median and lateral marks, clypeus with pair of dark stripes, sternum ochre-yellow with brown pattern, leg femora and tibiae with whitish tips and dark subdistal rings, abdomen ochre-gray with distinct dorsal and ventral pattern. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 55 µm, distance AME-AME 60 µm, diameter AME 120 µm. Ocular area slightly elevated, secondary eyes with small ‘pseudo-lenses’; deep thoracic pit. Chelicerae with distal apophyses in very lateral position ( Figs. 478, 479). Palps as in Figs. 443 and 444, coxa with distinct retrolateral apophysis, trochanter barely modified, femur with retrolateral furrow with distinct proximal rim, procursus with distinctive distal processes ( Figs. 476, 477), bulb with distinctive complex embolus ( Figs. 480, 481; very similar  S. sederberg). Legs without spines, few vertical hairs, with curved hairs on metatarsi 1 and 2; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Gonopore with two epiandrous spigots.   FIGURES 451–458.  Smeringopus hypocritagroup, left male palps, prolateral and retrolateral views. 451–452.  S. dehoop. 453–454.  S. atomarius. 455–456.  S. uisib. 457–458.  S. tombua.   FIGURES 459–474.  Smeringopus hypocritagroup, epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 459–460.  S. hypocrita. 461–462.  S. sederberg. 463–464.  S. lotzi. 465–466.  S. ubicki. 467–468.  S. dehoop. 469–470.  S. atomarius. 471–472.  S. uisib. 473–474.  S. tombua. Variation. In the male from CapeTown the lateral marks on the carapace are absent and the dorsal membranous element on the procursus (arrow in Fig. 477) is slightly more sclerotized and curved. The lectotypeis bleached and both palps are detached; the dorsal membranous element on the procursus is slightly narrower; tibia 1: 8.6. Tibia 1 in3 other males: 8.4, 8.8, 11.7. Female. In general similar to male; tibia 1 in 5 females: 8.1–13.5 (mean 9.6). Epigynum a simple plate with round pockets in very lateral position ( Fig. 459; very similar  S. sederberg); internal genitalia as in Figs. 460and 482(the strong folding of the frontal ‘valve’ is probably an artifact). Distribution. Known from several localities in western South Africaand from an unidentified locality (“Gubub”) in southern Namibia( Fig. 475). Specimens from near Loeriesfontein and Garies are assigned tentatively because no males are known from these localities and the very similar  S. sederbergoccurs only slightly further south. The female from Neudamm ( Namibia) assigned by Kraus (1957)to  S. hypocritais very probably  S. atomarius(see below).  Materialexamined.  SOUTH AFRICA:  Northern Cape Prov.: Komaggas: 1♂ 2♀ typesabove. Steinkopf: 1♀ typeabove. Namaqualand, Garies[ 30°34.1’S, 17°59.4’E],  14.xi.1949( B. Malkin), 1♀in CAS.   10 kmNW Loeriesfontein[~ 30°52.3’S, 19°22.3’E], Calvinia, under stones,  21.x.1990( L.N. Lotz), 1♀in NMBA( 5481); same locality,  22.x.1990( S. Louw), 1♀ 1 juv.in NMBA( 5500).  Namaqualand, Kap Kap[~ 30°15’S, 18°27’E], under stones,  20.x.1990( L.N. Lotz), 1♂ 1♀in NMBA( 5450).   Western Cape Prov.: Cape Town, Lions Head[ 33°56’S, 18°23’E], no date ( N. Larson), “slide no 128”, 1♂in NCP(92/6).    NAMIBIA: “Gubub”, 2♂ 1♀ typesabove. 3747820928 ZMB Komaggas & L. Schultze South Africa -29.798334 Kamaggas 122 17.486668 73 74 2 2 Northern Cape paralectotype 3747820385 ZMB L. Schultze South Africa -29.263334 Steinkopf 122 17.735 73 74 2 1 Northern Cape paralectotype 3747820838 MNHN L. Schultze Namibia Namibia 73 74 3 1 2 paralectotype 3747820655 1949-11-14 CAS B. Malkin South Africa Material -30.568333 Steinkopf 121 17.99 Komaggas 76 77 5 4 1 Northern Cape 3747820378 Calvinia, under stones 1990-10-21 NMBA L. N. Lotz South Africa -30.871666 Loeriesfontein 121 19.371666 76 77 5481 1 1 Northern Cape 3747820431 1990-10-22 NMBA S. Louw South Africa -30.871666 10 km NW Loeriesfontein 121 19.371666 76 77 5500 2 1 Northern Cape 3747820362 1990-10-20 NMBA L. N. Lotz South Africa -30.25 Kap Kap 1222 18.45 Namaqualand 76 77 5450 2 1 1 Northern Cape 3747820628 N. Larson South Africa -33.933334 Lions Head 1202 18.383333 Town 76 77 1 1 Western Cape 3747820555 [199,665,367,392] Namibia NAMIBIA 76 77 3 1 2