Smeringopus hypocrita Simon 1910: 190
S. similis
Kraus 1957: 232–233
Kraus 1984: 380
Revision and cladistic analysis of the Afrotropical endemic genus Smeringopus Simon, 1890 (Araneae: Pholcidae)
HUBER, BERNHARD A.
Zootaxa
2012
2012-09-07
3461
1
1
138
4XVHL
Simon, 1910
Simon
1910
[151,592,151,177]
Arachnida
Pholcidae
Smeringopus
Animalia
Araneae
73
74
Arthropoda
species
hypocrita
Figs. 424–425, 438, 443–444, 459–460, 476–482
Smeringopus hypocrita Simon 1910: 190(except female from Kubub; see S. similis). Kraus 1957: 232–233, figs. 53–58. Kraus 1984: 380, fig. 6 (copied from Kraus 1957). Types. Male lectotype(see Notes below) and 2♀ paralectotypesfrom South Africa, Northern Cape Province, Kamaggas[= Komaggas, 29°47.9’S, 17°29.2’E], 1904 ( L. Schultze), in ZMB(2 vials: 10462, 10464). 1♀ 1 juv.(2 vials) paralectotypesfrom South Africa, Northern Cape Province, Steinkopf[ 29°15.8’S, 17°44.1’E], 1904 ( L. Schultze), in ZMB(10463, second vial without number). 2♂ 1♀ paralectotypesfrom Namibia, “Gubub” [locality not identified, see Notes below], date not given [1903–1905] ( L. Schultze), in MNHN(10483). All types examined.
Notes. Kraus (1957)explicitly designated the male from Komaggas as lectotype, but on labels he identified one of the two femalesas lectotypeand the male and the second female as paralectotypes. I follow the publication rather than the labels and consider the male as the lectotype. The paralectotype-locality “Gubub” (=Kubub?) could not be identified; at least six Kubub exist in southern Namibia. Diagnosis. Distinguished from similar congeners by shapes of procursus (distal structures, Figs. 476, 477), bulb (processes of embolus, Figs. 480, 481), very lateral cheliceral apophyses ( Fig. 478; similar S. sederbergand S. atomarius), and shape of epigynum ( Fig. 459; simple plate with small round pockets in very lateral position; like S. sederberg). Male (Kap Kap). Total body length 4.8, carapace width 1.7. Leg 1: 39.1 (10.4 + 0.6 + 10.1 + 15.8 + 2.2), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 5.8, tibia 4: 8.1; tibia 1 L/d: 57. Habitus as in Fig. 424. Carapace ochre-yellow with brown median and lateral marks, clypeus with pair of dark stripes, sternum ochre-yellow with brown pattern, leg femora and tibiae with whitish tips and dark subdistal rings, abdomen ochre-gray with distinct dorsal and ventral pattern. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 55 µm, distance AME-AME 60 µm, diameter AME 120 µm. Ocular area slightly elevated, secondary eyes with small ‘pseudo-lenses’; deep thoracic pit. Chelicerae with distal apophyses in very lateral position ( Figs. 478, 479). Palps as in Figs. 443 and 444, coxa with distinct retrolateral apophysis, trochanter barely modified, femur with retrolateral furrow with distinct proximal rim, procursus with distinctive distal processes ( Figs. 476, 477), bulb with distinctive complex embolus ( Figs. 480, 481; very similar S. sederberg). Legs without spines, few vertical hairs, with curved hairs on metatarsi 1 and 2; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Gonopore with two epiandrous spigots. FIGURES 451–458. Smeringopus hypocritagroup, left male palps, prolateral and retrolateral views. 451–452. S. dehoop. 453–454. S. atomarius. 455–456. S. uisib. 457–458. S. tombua. FIGURES 459–474. Smeringopus hypocritagroup, epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 459–460. S. hypocrita. 461–462. S. sederberg. 463–464. S. lotzi. 465–466. S. ubicki. 467–468. S. dehoop. 469–470. S. atomarius. 471–472. S. uisib. 473–474. S. tombua. Variation. In the male from CapeTown the lateral marks on the carapace are absent and the dorsal membranous element on the procursus (arrow in Fig. 477) is slightly more sclerotized and curved. The lectotypeis bleached and both palps are detached; the dorsal membranous element on the procursus is slightly narrower; tibia 1: 8.6. Tibia 1 in3 other males: 8.4, 8.8, 11.7. Female. In general similar to male; tibia 1 in 5 females: 8.1–13.5 (mean 9.6). Epigynum a simple plate with round pockets in very lateral position ( Fig. 459; very similar S. sederberg); internal genitalia as in Figs. 460and 482(the strong folding of the frontal ‘valve’ is probably an artifact). Distribution. Known from several localities in western South Africaand from an unidentified locality (“Gubub”) in southern Namibia( Fig. 475). Specimens from near Loeriesfontein and Garies are assigned tentatively because no males are known from these localities and the very similar S. sederbergoccurs only slightly further south. The female from Neudamm ( Namibia) assigned by Kraus (1957)to S. hypocritais very probably S. atomarius(see below). Materialexamined. SOUTH AFRICA: Northern Cape Prov.: Komaggas: 1♂ 2♀ typesabove. Steinkopf: 1♀ typeabove. Namaqualand, Garies[ 30°34.1’S, 17°59.4’E], 14.xi.1949( B. Malkin), 1♀in CAS. 10 kmNW Loeriesfontein[~ 30°52.3’S, 19°22.3’E], Calvinia, under stones, 21.x.1990( L.N. Lotz), 1♀in NMBA( 5481); same locality, 22.x.1990( S. Louw), 1♀ 1 juv.in NMBA( 5500). Namaqualand, Kap Kap[~ 30°15’S, 18°27’E], under stones, 20.x.1990( L.N. Lotz), 1♂ 1♀in NMBA( 5450). Western Cape Prov.: Cape Town, Lions Head[ 33°56’S, 18°23’E], no date ( N. Larson), “slide no 128”, 1♂in NCP(92/6).
NAMIBIA: “Gubub”, 2♂ 1♀ typesabove.
3747820928
ZMB
Komaggas & L. Schultze
South Africa
-29.798334
Kamaggas
122
17.486668
73
74
2
2
Northern Cape
paralectotype
3747820385
ZMB
L. Schultze
South Africa
-29.263334
Steinkopf
122
17.735
73
74
2
1
Northern Cape
paralectotype
3747820838
MNHN
L. Schultze
Namibia
Namibia
73
74
3
1
2
paralectotype
3747820655
1949-11-14
CAS
B. Malkin
South Africa
Material
-30.568333
Steinkopf
121
17.99
Komaggas
76
77
5
4
1
Northern Cape
3747820378
Calvinia, under stones
1990-10-21
NMBA
L. N. Lotz
South Africa
-30.871666
Loeriesfontein
121
19.371666
76
77
5481
1
1
Northern Cape
3747820431
1990-10-22
NMBA
S. Louw
South Africa
-30.871666
10 km NW Loeriesfontein
121
19.371666
76
77
5500
2
1
Northern Cape
3747820362
1990-10-20
NMBA
L. N. Lotz
South Africa
-30.25
Kap Kap
1222
18.45
Namaqualand
76
77
5450
2
1
1
Northern Cape
3747820628
N. Larson
South Africa
-33.933334
Lions Head
1202
18.383333
Town
76
77
1
1
Western Cape
3747820555
[199,665,367,392]
Namibia
NAMIBIA
76
77
3
1
2