A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea Chen, Xin He, Hai Zhang, Li-Bing Phytotaxa 2015 2015-10-02 229 1 448 450 66RF4 Oliver (1862: 460) Oliver 460 1862 [192,656,1362,1387] Magnoliopsida Anisophylleaceae Anisophyllea Plantae Cucurbitales 81 Tracheophyta species griffithii    Type:— MALAYSIA. Malacca: Withoutlocality, no date,  Griffith2439( lectotypeK-000493108!, here designated, isolectotypeK-000493109!).  Treesto 25 mtall, 60 cmin diam.; bark light-brown, smooth, shallowly ridged, cracked or broken into rugs when old; young branches slender, drooping, pannose (with yellowish hairs mostly to 0.16 mmlong) and pilose in an immixed way (with erect or ascending hairs up to 0.6 mmlong), glabrescent when mature; buds pannose. Leavesdimorphic, internodes between similar typesof leaves 1.1–3.0 cm, between two adjacent different typesof leaves 5–8 mm; small leavescaducous, only leaving scars on young twigs; large leavespetiolate, petiole to 3 mmlong, 1.1 mmin diam.; leaf blade elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 5–10 cmlong, 2.0– 3.5 cmwide, base slightly oblique, acute, apex acute to acuminate, margins often slightly revolute, thinly coriaceous, lustrous and greenish-yellow adaxially and rather duller abaxially when dry, glabrous, rarely pilose with yellowish hairs up to 1 mmlong on both surfaces; main longitudinal veins 3, or rarely 5, arising from blade base, midrib straight and bold, impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, outer 2 (or rarely 4) lateral veins very fine and close to blade margins, slightly prominent on both surfaces; transverse veins irregular, some of those from midrib and curved towards blade apex rather conspicuous and forming a pinnate-like venation; veinlets reticulate, visible on both surfaces or sometimes obscure adaxially and slightly prominent abaxially. Inflorescencea supra-axillary spike, in 1–2 serials, rachis to 7 cmlong, 0.6 mmin diam., pannose with brownish hairs 0.06–0.25 mmlong and more densely covered at base of flowers, remotely flowered with floral internodes 1.5–5.0 mm distant. flowersbisexual, 4-merous, sessile,  82• Phytotaxa229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press  CHEN  ETAL.   FIGURE 58.  Anisophyllea griffithiiOliver.—A. Flowering branch. —B. Fower. —C. Flower with calyx lobes removed. —D. Longitudinal section of flower. —E. Petal and stamen. —F. Petal. —G. Stamen. —H. Cross section of ovary (Drawn by W. H. Fitch; reproduced and modified from Oliver in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London23: pl. 48. 1862). MONOGRAPH OF ANISOPHYLLEACEAE  Phytotaxa229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 83green, slightly obovoid, glabrous; receptacle cylindrical, 1.7–1.9 mmlong, same in diam.; sepals deltoid, 1.0– 1.3 mmlong, 1.6–1.8 mmwide at base, coriaceous; petals shorter than sepals, oblong, ca. 1 mmlong, 0.3 mmwide, entire or slightly emarginated (rarely 3 shallowly lobed), fleshy; stamens 8, in equal length, filaments fleshy, subulate, 0.7–1.0 mm long, epipetalous 4 ca. l/3 adnate to petals, anthers small, ca. 0.25 mmlong; disk 8-lobed, crenulate;styles 4, free, ca. 1 mmlong, base clavate, 0.2 mmin diam., distally attenuate, apex recurved. Fruitsbroadly ellipsoid or subglobose, 4.5–5.0 cm long, 3.5–4.0 cm in diam., obtuse at each end, glabrous, smooth; pericarp woody, to 1.5 cmthick. Seedsglobose, 1.25–1.50 cmin diam.  Flowering and fruiting:—January–November (or December).  Habitat and distribution:— In lowland forests; below   400 m. Brunei( Belait); Malaysia( Johor, Kedah, Malacca, Pahang, Penang, Sarawak, Selangor); Singapore( Figure 59).   FIGURE 59.Geographical distribution of  Anisophyllea griffithiiOliver.  Vernacular names and local usage:— Kempas dadeh, delek tembaga, pelepap, poko kumpao dadeh, seluang berlering. The heavy durable timber suitable for house beams.  Taxonomic notes:—When Oliver (1862)published  Anisophyllea griffithii, there were only a few species known under this genus and only  A. disticha,  A. laurina, and  A. zeylanica(=  A. cinnamomoides) were mentioned in his publication. These latter four species are quite different from this species in the nature of leaves. The pinnate-like venation of  A. griffithiiwas first reported and attached importance by Ridley (1922)and later by Ding Hou (1958), who used this character in their keys to species. Ding Hou (1958: 475)assumed that this species has solitary flowers; in fact, its flowers are remotely located on spike-like inflorescences. Our examination of the available material showed that Ding Hou (1958)was correct in claiming that only bisexual flowers were observed in this species. This species is also similar to  A. beccarianabut distinguishable from the latter by having shorter petioles, bisexual flowers, and hairy young branches.  We found two duplicates of the gathering Griffith 2439collected from Malacca corresponding to the protologue. Here we designate one of them, K-000493108, as the lectotype. The distribution of this species in Borneo ( Brunei and Sarawak) is based on the additional specimenswe examined.   Additional specimens examined:—  BRUNEI. Belait: Seria, Teraja F. R, Enroute from Bt. Terajato Kpg. Mendaram(east route),  100–350 m,  22 December 1963, Mitsuru Hotta 12934( L).  MALAYSIA. Malacca: Without  84• Phytotaxa229 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press  CHEN  ETAL.  locality, no date, Griffiith s.n. ( K000450759, computer image). Pahang: Lesong F. R.,   150 m,  26 June 1972,  Y. C .   Chan19850( L); Withoutlocality,  January 1888, Curtis 148( K),  24 September 1919,  J. W. J 4923( K). Penang: Without locality, no date, Curtis 1511( K). Sarawak: Ulu Segan, N.  Setungan,  4 November 1964,  P. S .   Ashton22005( K, L). SINGAPORE. MacRitchie Reservoir,  20 February 1938,  E. J. H . Corner 34689(K). Malaysia Type Griffith Without 81 2 Melaka lectotype Brunei 400 Belait 83 400 Belait Brunei and Sarawak Brunei and Sarawak 83 2 lectotype 1963-12-22 F, R, L Seria & Teraja & En & Bt. Teraja & Kpg. Mendaram Brunei 225 Belait 83 1 Belait [1075,1436,2000,2025] Malaysia Malacca 83 1 Melaka [151,1111,151,176] F, R 84 K000450759 1 [1128,1434,151,176] 1972-06-26 Y, C 150 84 1 1888-01 1919-09-24 1888-01 L, K, J, W, N Chan Without 84 J 4923 1 [947,1343,223,248] 1964-11-04 P, S Setungan 84 1 1938-02-20 K, L, E, J, H Singapore Ashton MacRitchie Reservoir 84 1