Uapaca clusioides Baker , Journal of the Linnean Society , Botany 21: 441 (1884)
Uapaca ferruginea var. carnotiana Leandri, Mémoires de l’Institut
A review of Madagascan Uapaca (Euphorbiaceae s. l.)
Mcpherson, Gordon
Adansonia
2011
3
2011-12-31
33
2
221
231
5. Uapaca ferrugineaBaillon( Figs 1; 2) Étude générale du groupe des Euphorbiacées: 596 (1858).
Uapaca clusioides Baker, Journalof the Linnean Society, Botany21: 441 (1884). — Type: Madagascar, Central Madagasacar, s.d., fl. ♂, Baron2546(iso-, P [sheet P00298669]). Uapaca ferruginea var. carnotianaLeandri, Mémoires de l’Institut scientifique de Madagascar, Série B, Biologievégétale 8: 257 (1957). — Type: Madagascar, Prov. Fianarantsoa, Ambodivanana, près de Fort-Carnot, 800 malt., 15.VII.1954, fr., Service forestier 14392(holo-, P[sheet P00539630]).
TYPUS. — Madagascar. Forêt de Ravinatsara, Manambo, Sainte Marie de Madagascar, IX.1850, fr., Boivins.n.( lectotype,P [sheet 00298671], here designated). REPRESENTATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, Ambato, 13°26’42”S, 048°33’18”E, 21.XI.1996, Antilahimena322( MO, P). — Manantenina, 14°26’00”S, 049°45’42”E, 750 m, 21.XI.1996, Messmer254( G, MO, P). — Masiaposa, 14°38’S, 049°41’E, 26.IV.1967, Serviceforestier 27798( G, K, MO, P). — Toamasina, Anjiahely, 15°25’01”S, 049°30’39”E, 420 m, 23. XII.2002, Antilahimena1578( MO, P). — Entre Sahamalazaet Vohilava, 15°37’S, 049°30’E, 500 m, 9.III.1954, Serviceforestier 9120( K, MO, P). — Antanambao-Ambodimanga, 16°46’06”S, 049°42’22”E, 16. VI.2003, Razakamalala489( MO, P, TEF). — Ambohidena forest, 16°51’11”S, 049°57’10”E, 10 m, 14. V.2003, Rabenantoandro1461( MO, P, TEF). — Zahamena, 17°38’S, 049°29’E, 0-100 m, 23. I.1986, Dorr4618( MO, P). — Eod.loc., 17°39’07”S, 048°58’14”E, 550-600 m, 21.X.2002, Andrianjafy294( MO, P, TEF). — Mantadia, 18°55’S, 048°25’E, 950-1150 m, 7.XI.1994, McPherson16532( MO, P, TEF). FIG. 1. — Staminate specimen of Uapaca ferrugineaBaill.showing capitate inflorescences ( McPherson 14844). DESCRIPTION Trees 5-15 mtall; dbh 13-45 cm; stilt roots present; leaf-bearing twigs 7-15 mmin diameter, solid or hollow, coated with glossy exudate. Leaf blades obovate, elliptic, or suboblong, (12-)15-25(-28) cm long, (5.5-)9-14(-16) cm wide; base cuneate to obtuse, attenuate into petiole, apex obtuse; secondary veins 6-8(-9) on each side of the midrib; tertiary venation scalariform or nearly so, evident to somewhat obscure or nearly invisible, petiole (2.0-)2.5-6(-8) cm. Staminate peduncles 1.5-7.5 cmlong; petaloid bracts c. 8 innumber, 7-13 mm× 5-8 mm, ciliate, flowering head 7-8 mmin diameter excluding the exserted stamens; staminodes present; pistillode densely pubescent on distal surface. Pistillate peduncles (1.0-)2-4(-4.5) cm long, typically coated with exudate; calyx in flower c. 4 mmin diameter, coated with glossy exudate, pubescent or apparently sometimes glabrous; calyx in fruit 1-2 mmhigh, (3.5-)4.5-8(-9) mm in diameter, undulate or slightly lobed, glossy coating usually persistent, indument typically persistent and visible at fruiting time; fruit 15-20(-25) mm long, rounded or pointed at tip, sometimes drying with marked ridges while immature, usually coated with glossy exudate, yellowish or reddish at maturity.
DISTRIBUTION Eastern and northern forests at lower and middle elevations ( 5-950 m).
REMARKS Two forms of fruit seem to exist in this species.Most fruiting specimens bear essentially unridged (although immature) fruit, but a few exhibit a strongly ridged (also immature) fruit. All but two of the latter sort are also unusual in sharing an apparently glabrous calyx and all were collected in the general region of the Bay of Antongil. However, Boivin s.n.( typeof the species) and Service forestier 28805, both from Île Sainte Marie, combine a ridged fruit with a calyx bearing the indument usual in the species. Leandri (1958)recognized U. ferrugineavar. carnotianaas the name for the sort with the unridged fruit. Typical specimens are marked by their stout leafy branches, large leaves with scalariform venation, and long peduncles. The species can be confused with U. louveliiif no large leaves or long peduncles are present; however, the copious indument typically persistent and evident on fruiting calyces will often make identification possible. Alternatively, the form withpartly collapsed, and therefore conspicuously ridged, fruit is easily recognized. Also similar is U. amplifolia, but that species has smaller staminate heads and broader leaf blades and is restricted to the NW. Further collecting and study may, nevertheless, lead to the inclusion of U. amplifoliaas a subspecies of U. ferruginea. Two specimens ( Schatz 2312and 2950) from Nosy Mangabe in the Bay of Antongil are tentatively placed here, although their short petioles and the pistillate specimen’s large fruit ( 28 mmlong) make them somewhat unusual.
[850,907,771,795]
P
Madagascar
Baron
Journal
Central Madagasacar
5
226
P00298669
1
1
B
Madagascar
Madagascar
5
226
1
1954-07-15
P
Biologie & Prov. & Ambodivanana & de Fort-Carnot
Madagascar
800
Fianarantsoa
5
226
P00539630
1
Fianarantsoa
1850-09
TYPUS
Madagascar
Boivin
Foret de Ravinatsara
Sainte Marie de Madagascar
5
226
1
lectotype
1996-11-21
MO, P
Antilahimena
Madagascar
-13.445
Ambato
21
48.555
Prov.
5
226
1
Antsiranana
1996-11-21
G, MO, P
Messmer
Madagascar
750
-14.433333
Manantenina
21
49.761665
5
226
1
Antsiranana
1967-04-26
G, K, MO, P
Service
Madagascar
-14.633333
Masiaposa
1287
49.683334
5
226
1
Antsiranana
2002-12-23
XII, MO, P
Antilahimena
Madagascar
420
-15.4169445
Anjiahely
21
49.510834
5
226
1
Toamasina
1954-03-09
K, MO, P
Service
Madagascar
500
-15.616667
Vohilava
1284
49.5
Entre Sahamalaza
5
226
1
Toamasina
2003-06-16
VI, MO, P, TEF
Razakamalala
Madagascar
-16.768333
Antanambao-Ambodimanga
21
49.706112
5
226
1
Toamasina
2003-05-14
V, MO, P, TEF
Rabenantoandro
Madagascar
10
-16.853056
Ambohidena forest
21
49.952778
5
226
1
Toamasina
1986-01-23
I, MO, P
Dorr
Madagascar
50
-17.633333
Zahamena
1278
49.483334
5
226
1
Toamasina
2002-10-21
MO, P, TEF
Andrianjafy
Madagascar
575
-17.651943
Eod.
21
48.970554
5
226
1
Toamasina
1994-11-07
MO, P, TEF
McPherson
Madagascar
1050
-18.916666
Mantadia
1273
48.416668
5
226
1
Toamasina