A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar Daly, Douglas C. Raharimampionona, Jeannie Federman, Sarah Adansonia 2015 2015-12-31 37 2 277 345 68XQD Daly, Raharim. & Federman Daly, Raharim. & Federman 2015 [826,1347,852,879] Magnoliopsida Burseraceae Canarium Plantae Sapindales 29 306 Tracheophyta species findens sp. nov.  ( Figs 1; 12A-C)  Large trees, leaves 2-3-jugate, leaves rigidly coriaceous, fruit oblong- (ob)ovoid to oblong to ovoid, densely lenticellate; distinguished from C. obtusifolium Scott-Elliot by the petiole and rachis surface sparsely short-pubescent (not densely pubescent with hairs to 0.3 mmlong).  TYPUS. —  Madagascar. Antsiranana, Parc National Marojejy, along trail to summit of Marojejy Est, NW of Mandena,  850-1000 melev., 14°26’S, 49°15’E,  11.II.1989,  J. S. Miller& P. P. LowryII 3956(holo-, NY!; iso-, MO, P[P00501653]!, TAN).   PARATYPI. —  Madagascar. Antsiranana, Sava, Parc National Marojejy,  900 m, 14°26’07.8”S, 49°46’19.2”E,  28.I.2006.  D. C. Daly, J. Raharimampionona, J. Razanatsoa& D. Ravelonarivo13033( NY, TEF),  Réserve Spéciale d’Anjanaharibe-Sud,  1161-1424 m, 14°46’15”S, 49°28’E,  21.III.1994,  D. Ravelonarivoet al. 97( MO, NY, P[P00501654], TAN).  DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. —  Canarium findens, sp. nov.is known only from NE Madagascar, in Marojejy National Park and the Réserve Spéciale Anjanaharibe Sud, where it is a large tree usually of (lower) montane wet forest on very steep slopes between 550-1424 melevation. Fruiting Feb.-Apr. COMMON NAME. — Haramin-tsitsihy.  ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the tendency of the thick leaflets to split when pressed.  DESCRIPTION Trees, reproductive size 25-40 m, to at least 50 cmdiam. Low thick plank buttresses present. Outer bark gray, thin, rough, with raised lenticels, shed in thick irregular plates; inner bark reddish. Resin translucent white. Leaves 11-46.5 cmlong, 2-3-jugate; petiole (2.5) 6.5-10.4 cmlong, petiole and rachis with dense ascending golden hairs to 0.3 mmlong, also with elongate lenticels; stipules 5-13 mmfrom petiole insertion, c. 4 mmlong, semi-orbicular, caducous, the scar 1.5-4 mmlong; basal petiolules 5-20 mmlong, other laterals 6-33 mmlong, terminal one 22-52 mmlong, petiolules not canaliculate, distal pulvinuli sometimes conspicuous; basal leaflets 3-12 × 2.5-8.5 cm, broadly (ob-)ovate to subrotund, other laterals 4-16.2 × 2.4-7.2 cm, (broadly) obovate, rarely broadly ovate, leaflet apex abruptly and broadly short-acuminate, sometimes rounded, the acumen 0-2 mmlong, lateral leaflet base usually symmetric to slightly oblique, cuneate to acute or truncate, terminal leaflet 7.5-15 × 32.85 cm, obovate; leaflet margin usually revolute or sometimes flat; leaflets drying dark brown, markedly coriaceous, dull, often brittle and splitting when pressed; secondary vein fabric usually brochidodromous but looping at the margin and sometimes appearing eucamptodromous on adaxial side, secondaries in 8-12 pairs, essentially straight, insertion slightly decurrent, spacing sometimes irregular, angle decreasing toward apex and increasing toward base, sometimes 1-2 perpendicular epimedial tertiaries present per pair of secondaries, intercostal tertiaries and quaternaries opposite-alternate percurrent; on abaxial surface all veins prominent, all surface with sparse ascending golden hairs to 0.25 mmlong (dense on midvein through tertiaries); on adaxial surface all veins flat or slightly impressed except midvein sometimes prominulous and sunk in a groove, the surface with descending ferrugineous hairs to 0.5 mmlong. Infructescences 22-26 cmlong, secondary axes to 12 cm, all axes with scattered to dense, fine, flexuous golden hairs to 0.3 mmlong, also scattered straight golden hairs to 0.7 mmlong; fruiting pedicel 4-10 mmlong, cylindrical to slightly clavate, fruiting calyx 6-7 mmlong, spreading to almost patent, the lobes often distinct, 2-3 mmlong but sometimes broken off. Fruits 2.8-3.5 × 1.5-2.3 cm, oblong-(ob)ovoid to oblong to ovoid, rarely slightly trigonous, apex rounded to almost acute, the base obtuse to truncate, surface with dense, raised, large, ferrugineous lenticels, also with dense appressed golden hairs to 1 mmlong among the lenticels.  FIG. 14. —  Canarium galokenseDaly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.: A, flowering branchlet with detail of petiole base and stipular scars ( A’); B, portion of inflorescence with pendent bud; C, staminate flower; D, stamens and ovariodisk; E, ventral and dorsal views of stamen; F, two petiole bases with stipules; G, portion of infructescence with pyrene ( G’); A -E, Daly et al. 13100(NY); F -G, Callmander et al. 600(NY). Scale bars: A, G, G’, 2 cm; B, C, D, 2 mm; E, 1 mm; F, 5 mm; A’, not to scale. NOTES   Canarium findens, sp. nov.is easily distinguished from its congeners in Madagascarby its rigidly coriaceous leaflets that are markedly revolute and convex (fresh or dry), usually splitting when pressed and dried. Occasional specimens of  C. obtusifoliumhave similar properties, but the latter can be distinguished by the petiole and rachis surface with sparse hairs to 0.05 mmlong (vs dense hairs to 0.3 mmlong). 1989-02-11 NY, MO, TAN J. S. Miller & P. P. Lowry Madagascar 925 -14.433333 Marojejy Est 1288 49.25 Parc National Marojejy 29 306 1 Antsiranana 2006-01-28 NY, TEF D. C. Daly & J. Raharimampionona & J. Razanatsoa & D. Ravelonarivo Madagascar 900 -14.4355 Parc National Marojejy 1 49.772 Sava 29 306 1 Antsiranana paratype 1994-03-21 MO, NY, TAN D. Ravelonarivo Madagascar 1293 -14.770833 Reserve Speciale d'Anjanaharibe-Sud 894 49.466667 29 306 1 Antsiranana paratype