Review of the Cyana rejecta (Walker, 1854) species-group, with descriptions of three new species from mainland Africa and a new subspecies from Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini) Volynkin, Anton V. László, Gyula M. Zootaxa 2020 2020-12-03 4890 3 330 346 BFNQZ Volynkin & László, 2020 Volynkin & László 2020 [151,632,1878,1905] Insecta Erebidae Cyana GBIF Animalia Lepidoptera 9 339 Arthropoda species cornutissima sp. nov. Cornutivulpecula  ( Figs 21–26, 36–38, 43)   Type material.   Holotype( Figs 21, 36): male, “ Zambia,  1452m, Lungu Forest Reserve,  20 kmN of Mbala, North-ern Province, 08°42’27’’S 31°16’34’’E,  6–9. V.2019, MV Light Trap, Deroziér, V., László, G., Miles, W. Leg., ANHRT:2019.12” / “ANHRTUK 00105887”, gen. slide No.: AV5786 ( ANHRT).   FIGURES 30–32.  Cyana yao  sp. n.: male genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 30 in ANHRT; 31 and 32 in NHMUK (©).   FIGURES 33–35.  Cyana occidentalis  sp. n.: male genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 33 and 35 in ANHRT; 34 in NHMUK (©).    Paratypes( 13 malesand 26 femalesin total). ZAMBIA:  2 females, with the same data as the holotype, unique numbers: ANHRTUK 00105885, 00136597, gen. slide No.: AV6001;  1 female, same data, but collected by actinic light trap, unique number: ANHRTUK 00105885, gen. slide No.: AV5787;  1 male,  1437m, Kapishya Hot Springs, ShiwaN’gandu Estate, S11°10’13’’ E31°36’00’’, I–III.2016, M. T. Harveycoll., leg. Smith, R. &  Takano, H., ANHRT:2017.29, unique number: ANHRTUK 00008294, gen. slide No.: AV5002; 1 female, same lo-cality and collectors, I.2015, unique number: ANHRTUK 00003634, gen. slide No.: AV5114;  1 female, same locality, 16–17. V .2019, LepiLED Light Trap, Deroziér, V.,  László, G., Miles, W.leg., ANHRT:2019.12, unique number: ANHRTUK 00105884, gen. slide No.: AV5788;  1 male,  1460m, Mutinondo Wilderness Area, Northern Province, 12°27’06’’S 31°17’30’’E, 17–20. V .2019, MV  Light Trap, Deroziér, V.,  Imakando, M., László, G., Miles, W.leg., ANHRT:2019.12, unique number: ANHRTUK 00101032, gen. slide No.: AV5728;  1 female,  1684m, Danger Hill,  30 kmNorth of Mpika, Muchinga Province, 11°37’28’’S 31°33’56’’E,  27–30.IV.2019, MV  Light Trap, Deroziér, V.,  László, G., Miles, W.leg., ANHRT:2019.12, unique number: ANHRTUK 00083484, gen. slide No.: AV5730;  1 male, 1 female,  1566m, Senka Hill, Mukulizi Forest Reserve, Muchinga Province, 09°05’43’’S 32°05’06’’E, 1– 6. V .2019, LepiLED Light Trap, Deroziér, V.,  László, G., Miles, W.leg., ANHRT:2019.12, unique numbers: ANHRTUK 00083653, 00083652, gen. slide Nos.: AV5820 (male), AV5999 (female);  1 female, same data but collected by MV  Light Trap, unique number: ANHRTUK 00082412 ( ANHRT).   KENYA: 1 male, Nairobi,  6,000 feet, Kyambu, IX.[19]46, H.L. Andrewes, unique number: NHMUK 10918070, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315732(prepared by Volynkin);  2 females, Nairobi,  6,000 feet, H.L. Andrewes, Kyamla, IX.16;  1 male, 2 females, Nairobi,  June 1919, Dr van Someren/ Rothschild Bequest B.M.1939-1, unique number: NHMUK 10918141(female), gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315781(female) (prepared by Volynkin);  1 female, same locality and collector,  Apr.–June 1919;  1 male, 1 female, Eldoma Ravine, 4.XII.[18]96, Dr. Ansorge, unique number: NHMUK 10918071(male), gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315733(male) (prepared by Volynkin);  1 female, same locality,  10.IX.1912, H. R.  Gallatly;  1 female, same locality and collector,  9.IX.1912;  1 male, Brit. E. Africa: Lumbwa,  25.VIII.1922, G.W. Jeffery, B.M. 1922-377, unique number: NHMUK 10918072, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315734(prepared by Volynkin);  1 female, same locality and collector, 4. VI.1923, B.M. 1923-403;  1 female, Suna, S. Karirondo,  Jan. 1932( W. Feather);  1 female, B. E. Africa, Njoro, A.J. Cholmley, 1906-265 ( NHMUK);   UGANDA: 1 male, 67. 26, Western Uganda, Nr. Congoborder, March&  April 1926, Mrs. E. Barns/ Joicey Bequest, Brit. Mus.1934-120, unique number: NHMUK 10918073, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315735(prepared by Volynkin);  1 female, Mile478 on Uganda Rly, B. E. Africa,  19.XI.1900, C.S. Betton, 1901-136;  1 female, SE Ruwenzori,  3500 ft., 19. V .1906, 1906-153 / Coll.by. Hon. G. Legge& A.F. R.  Wollaston( NHMUK);   TANZANIA: 1 male, Tanganyikasept., Mt. Meru, Momella,  1600–1800m, 11–20..  I.1964, leg. W. Forster, gen. slide No.: ZSM  Arct.2019-944 (prepared by Volynkin) ( ZSM);  1 female, Mamba, Kilimanjaro, Marchto Oct.[18]97 / Rothschild Bequest B.M.1939-1, unique number: NHMUK 10918118, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315759(prepared by Volynkin) ( NHMUK);   ZIMBABWE: 1 female,  1900m, Manicaland Province, Vukutu, 18°21’52’’S, 32°36’29’’E,  25–26.IV.2011, R.  Yakovlevleg., Ex Coll. R.  Yakovlev, ANHRT: 2018.32, unique number: ANHRTUK 00143200, gen. slide No.: AV5998 ( ANHRT);   MALAWI: 1 male, Nyasaland, valley of S Rukuru R.,   3,000 ft., 20. VI .1910, S.A. Neave, 1910-406, unique number: NHMUK 10918120, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315762(prepared by Volynkin);  1 female, Zomba, Nyasal’d,  Jan.-Feb. 1924, H. Barlow/ Rothschild Bequest B.M.1939-1, unique number: NHMUK 10918117, gen. slide No.: NHMUK010315758(prepared by Volynkin) ( NHMUK);   MOZAMBIQUE: 1 female,  937m, Sofala Province, Gorongosa N.P., Mt. GorongosaSE slope ( Riverine forest/ Grassland), 18°28’58.9’’S, 34°02’40.6’’E,  8–9.VIII.2018, Actinic Light Trap, László, G., Miles, W., Vetina, A.leg., ANHRT: 2018.30, unique number: ANHRTUK 00075673, gen. slide No.: AV6000 ( ANHRT);   SOUTH AFRICA: 3 males, 1 female,  1420m, Limpopo Province,  50 km North Westof Mokopane, Waterberg Wilderness Reserve, 24°12’26’’S, 28°52’17’’E,  8–9.IV.2011, R.  Yakovlevleg. / Ex Coll. R.  Yakovlev, ANHRT: 2018.32, unique numbers: ANHRTUK 00070180, 00070181, 00070182, 00070183, gen. slide Nos.: AV5256, AV5257 (males) and AV5258 (female) ( ANHRTand TMSA).   Remark. The male genitalia of the specimens from Tanzaniaand Kenyadiffer from those of the specimens from South Africa, Malawi, Zambiaand western Ugandaby the slightly narrower vesica with a distal diverticulum bearing a smaller number of cornuti. To clarify the taxonomic status of these populations, molecular studies would be required.   Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12–16 mmin males, 11.5–14 mmin females. As the external appearance of  Cyana cornutissima  sp. n.is nearly identical with that of the sympatric  C. yao  sp. n., the examination of the genitalia is required for reliable identification. The male genital capsule of the new species differs from those of the other taxa of the species-group by the longer and narrower uncus. The vesica of  C. cornutissima  sp. n.differs clearly from those of the other species of the  C. rejectaspecies-group by the considerably larger distal diverticulum bearing a markedly more extensive row of numerous long cornuti. The configuration of the diverticula of the vesica of  C. cornutissima  sp. n.is most similar to that of  C. rejecta, but in  C. cornutissima  sp. n.the subbasal diverticulum is broader basally; the 1 stmedial diverticulum is larger, more elongate and more heavily scobinated; the 2 ndmedial diverticulum is smaller; the 3 rdmedial diverticulum is present (absent in  C. rejecta), and the subdistal diverticulum is slightly smaller and more weakly scobinated compared to those characters of  C. rejecta. The female genitalia of  C. cornutissima  sp. n.are easily distinguishable from those of its congeners by their conspicuously long ductus bursae (the longest in the species-group) with a weakly sclerotized lateral pocket anteriorly and heavily sclerotized longitudinal wrinkles deeply protruding to the basal part of the appendix bursae, the presence of a small, button-like signum bursae (as in  C. occidentalis  sp. n.), and the large, sack-like, heavily sclerotized appendix bursae, which is smooth distally and anteriorly (which is short, conical and weakly sclerotized in  C. rejectaand  C. yao  sp. n.; whereas in  C. occidentalis  sp. n.the appendix bursae is globular and wrinkled all over its surface).   Distribution. Northern part of South Africa, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Uganda, Tanzaniaand Kenya.   Etymology. In Latin, the suffix ‘-issimus’ expresses the superlative. The specific epithet refers to the conspicuously long and dense cornuti of the distal diverticulum of the vesica, the longest and most numerous among the species of the  C. rejectaspecies-group. 2990040414 2019-05-06 2019-05-09 2019-05-06 V, MV Province Zambia 1452 10 340 -8.7074995 Lungu Forest Reserve 21 31.276112 9 339 1 holotype 2990040309 [199,878,1847,1874] Zambia ZAMBIA 11 341 39 26 13 paratype 2990040431 No. Zambia 1452 Lungu Forest Reserve 11 341 2 2 paratype 2990040367 No. Zambia 1452 Lungu Forest Reserve 11 341 1 1 paratype 2990040355 T Zambia Kapishya Hot Springs 1437 Estate 11.170279 Shiwa 11 341 1 1 paratype 2990040421 [151,387,1992,2018] ANHRT Zambia Takano 11 341 1 paratype 2990040395 V Zambia Takano 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040360 [287,741,187,213] V Derozier Zambia 12 342 1 paratype 2990040429 [756,1153,187,213] ANHRT Miles, W. Zambia Laszlo 12 342 1 paratype 2990040348 V Zambia 1460 -12.451667 Mutinondo Wilderness Area 21 31.291666 12 342 1 1 Northern paratype 2990040345 [546,667,259,285] MV Zambia 1460 true -12.451667 Mutinondo Wilderness Area 21 31.291666 12 342 1 Northern paratype 2990040413 [675,945,259,285] V Derozier Zambia Light Trap 12 342 1 paratype 2990040378 ANHRT Imakando, M. & Miles, W. Zambia Laszlo 12 342 1 paratype 2990040322 2019-04-27 2019-04-30 2019-04-27 MV Zambia 1684 -11.624445 Danger Hill 21 31.565556 12 342 1 1 Muchinga paratype 2990040386 V Derozier Zambia Light Trap 12 342 1 paratype 2990040365 [190,596,367,393] ANHRT Miles, W. Zambia Laszlo 12 342 1 paratype 2990040340 V Zambia 1566 -9.095278 Mukulizi Forest Reserve 21 32.085 Senka Hill 12 342 2 1 1 Muchinga paratype 2990040310 [190,640,439,465] V Derozier Zambia 12 342 1 paratype 2990040423 [655,1050,439,465] ANHRT Miles, W. Zambia Laszlo 12 342 1 paratype 2990040407 MV Miles, W. Zambia Laszlo 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040398 [203,895,511,537] ANHRT Zambia Light Trap 12 342 1 paratype 2990040420 NHMUK Kyambu, IX & H. L. Andrewes Kenya 1829 Nairobi 12 342 NHMUK 10918070 1 1 paratype 2990040425 NHMUK Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 NHMUK010315732 1 paratype 2990040306 [278,986,583,609] H. L. Andrewes & Kyamla, IX Kenya 1829 Nairobi 12 342 2 2 paratype 2990040403 1919-06 NHMUK Dr van Someren & Rothschild Bequest B. M. Kenya Nairobi 12 342 NHMUK 10918141 3 2 1 paratype 2990040391 NHMUK Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 NHMUK010315781 1 paratype 2990040308 [782,1407,655,681] 1919-04 1919-06-31 1919-04 NHMUK Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040401 NHMUK Dr. Ansorge Kenya Eldoma Ravine 12 342 NHMUK 10918071 2 1 1 paratype 2990040335 NHMUK Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 NHMUK010315733 1 paratype 2990040387 [821,1300,727,753] 1912-09-10 R Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040361 [1314,1408,727,753] Kenya Gallatly 12 342 1 paratype 2990040410 1912-09-09 Kenya Gallatly 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040375 1922-08-25 NHMUK Brit. E. Africa & G. W. Jeffery Kenya Lumbwa 12 342 NHMUK 10918072 1 1 paratype 2990040379 [697,1373,798,826] NHMUK Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 NHMUK010315734 1 paratype 2990040380 VI Volynkin Kenya No. 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040384 [841,1432,835,862] 1932-01 Suna, S & W. Feather Kenya Karirondo 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040430 [151,915,870,897] NHMUK Kenya 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040330 1926-04 NHMUK Mrs. E. Barns & Joicey Bequest Uganda Western Uganda Nr. Congo Uganda, Nr. 12 342 NHMUK 10918073 1 1 paratype 2990040337 [393,1075,942,970] NHMUK Volynkin Uganda No. 12 342 NHMUK010315735 1 paratype 2990040396 1900-11-19 Uganda Rly, B. E & C. S. Betton Uganda Africa Mile 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040353 [778,1234,978,1005] V Uganda 1067 Ruwenzori 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040320 R Hon. G. Legge Uganda Coll. 12 342 1 paratype 2990040424 [542,792,1015,1041] NHMUK Uganda Wollaston 12 342 1 paratype 2990040316 1964-01 ZSM W. Forster & No. Tanzania Tanganyika 1700 Momella Mt. Meru 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040307 ZSM Volynkin Tanzania Arct. 12 342 1 paratype 2990040352 NHMUK Rothschild Bequest B. M. Tanzania Mamba Oct. March 12 342 NHMUK 10918118 1 1 Kilimanjaro paratype 2990040377 [397,1229,1122,1150] NHMUK Volynkin Tanzania No. 12 342 NHMUK010315759 1 paratype 2990040356 2011-04-25 2011-04-26 2011-04-25 R Zimbabwe 1900 -18.364445 Vukutu 21 32.608055 12 342 1 1 Manicaland paratype 2990040326 R Yakovlev & Ex Coll. Zimbabwe 12 342 1 paratype 2990040422 [250,468,1195,1221] ANHRT Zimbabwe Yakovlev 12 342 1 paratype 2990040362 [471,1432,1194,1221] ANHRT No. Zimbabwe 12 342 1 paratype 2990040349 [151,759,1230,1257] R Nyasaland & S Rukuru Malawi MALAWI 12 342 1 1 paratype 2990040402 [775,951,1231,1257] VI Malawi 914 12 342 1 paratype 2990040323 NHMUK Malawi Neave 12 342 NHMUK 10918120 1 paratype 2990040428 [440,1113,1266,1294] NHMUK Volynkin Malawi No. 12 342 NHMUK010315762 1 paratype 2990040419 1924-01 1924-02-31 1924-01 NHMUK H. Barlow & Rothschild Bequest B. M. Malawi Nyasal'd 12 342 NHMUK 10918117 1 1 Zomba paratype 2990040366 NHMUK Volynkin Malawi No. 12 342 NHMUK010315758 1 paratype 2990040357 2018-08-08 2018-08-09 2018-08-08 ANHRT Laszlo, G. & Miles, W. & Vetina, A. Mozambique Mt. Gorongosa 937 -18.483028 Grassland 1 34.04461 Riverine forest 12 342 1 1 Sofala paratype 2990040315 ANHRT No. Mozambique 12 342 1 paratype 2990040389 2011-04-08 2011-04-09 2011-04-08 R South Africa 1420 -24.207224 Waterberg Wilderness Reserve 21 28.87139 Mokopane 12 342 4 1 3 Limpopo paratype 2990040327 R Yakovlev & Ex Coll. South Africa 12 342 1 paratype 2990040344 [252,472,1519,1545] ANHRT South Africa Yakovlev 12 342 1 paratype 2990040438 ANHRT, TMSA Nos. South Africa 12 342 1 paratype