Simon, 1879 : 232 Phareicranaus calcariferus Roewer, 1913 : 402 Goodnight & Goodnight 1947 : 7 Kury 2003 : 96 Townsend et al 2008 : 55 Roewer, 1932 : 291 Kury 2003 : 203 Kury 2003 : 99 Machado & Warfel, 2006 : 269 Roewer, 1932 : 300 Species relationships in the Neotropical genus Phareicranaus Roewer 1913 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): two new species and new data from Penial morphology Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo Bonaldo, Alexandre B. Zootaxa 2011 3135 1 34 Simon, 1879 Simon 1879 [151,662,357,383] Arachnida Cranaidae Phareicranaus GBIF Animalia Opiliones 8 9 Arthropoda species calcariferus     Goniosoma calcariferum  Simon, 1879: 232. (Male holotype, MNHN, pinned in bad conditions, without locality data, photos examined).    Phareicranaus calcariferus;  Roewer, 1913: 402, fig. 159;  Goodnight & Goodnight 1947: 7;  Kury 2003: 96; Hunter et al.2007: 199;  Townsend et al2008: 55–57, figs. 1 J–L; 2009: 1056, figs. 1–9.    Santinezia serratotibialis  Roewer, 1932: 291, fig. 8 (three males and female syntypes“ Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, BMNH”, not examined); Pinto-da-Rocha &  Kury 2003: 203;  Kury 2003: 99;  Machado & Warfel, 2006: 269, figs. 1, 2. Syn. n.    Phareicranaus cingulatus  Roewer, 1932: 300, fig. 16 (female holotype, “SMF-1441/52, Bolivia[ Trinidad & Tobago]: Trinidad”, examined). Syn. n.   Note.The species was doubtfully attributed by Roewer (1913)to “? Colombia” but in the original designation Simon (1879)stated “sans indication de provenance”. In fact, labels for the  P. calcariferus holotypedo not indicate any locality. Roewer (1932: 291)described  Santinezia serratotibialisfrom Trinidad and Tobago, wrongly cited as “ BOLIVIA: ‘Trindad’” in the original description (Pinto-da-Rocha & Kury 2003); and, in the same paper (p. 300), Roewer mysteriously described its female as  Phareicranaus cingulatus, also from Trinidad, and also attributed erroneously to a Bolivian city of same name. Roewer wrongly sexed  P. cingulatusas male, which led him to propose it in a different genus, even though he described it with a similar color pattern as  P. calcariferus. Later, Goodnight and Goodnight (1947)recognized  P. calcariferusfrom material collected in Trinidad. Townsend et al.(2008)stated that “male  Phareicranaus calcariferusare smaller in total body size (7.4–9.6 mm) than  Santinezia serratotibialis(9.6–11.9 mm) and also lack spines on ventral surface of coxae IV. Males  S. serratotibialishave more prominent spines in femur IV”. Townsend et al.(2009)studied the postembryonic development of  S. serratotibialisand  P. calcariferusand concluded that both have 6 nymphal stages and that growth rates for nymphs are the same. Specimens examined by Goodnight and Goodnight (1947)and by Townsend and collaborators (2008; 2009) are probably beta males (for discussion on intrasexual variation in Laniatores see Machado et al. 2009and Ferreira & Kury 2010) of  P. calcariferus, based on weak armature of the body and legs (compare Fig. 6A, B).   Diagnosis.See Pinto-da-Rocha & Kury (2003: 203). Live specimens in Fig. 5A, B.   Other material examined. Trinidad. Petite Tacarib, Crappo-cocorite seasonal Forest, elevation 0–10m, 10°47’38”N, 61°13’32”W, 1 male( AMNH); Mount Tamana, seasonal forest, elevation 150–305m, 1028’’5”N, 6111’50”W, 1 male( AMNH); Mount Aripu, 3 males( AMNH).