The green lacewings of Pakistan (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): a faunal review with new records of genera and species
Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
Liu, Xingyue
Zootaxa
2022
2022-09-01
5180
1
1
83
[151,377,1794,1821]
Insecta
Chrysopidae
Apertochrysa
Animalia
Neuroptera
32
33
Arthropoda
species
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( Figs 24–26, 55)
Diagnosis and notes Apertochrysasp. 5is almost identical with Apertochrysasp. 4in external body characters and the shape of female genitalia (males unknown). However, it differs from Apertochrysasp. 4by the pale yellow setae on pronotum ( Fig. 25C) and the distinctly curved pretarsal claws, which is cylindrical at base ( Fig. 25E).
Description Measurements ( ♀n=3). Forewing: length 11.0– 12.2 mm, width 3.5–4.0 mm; hindwing: length 10.0–11.0 mm, width 3.0– 3.4 mm; body length: 6.0– 8.4 mm. Head ( Figs 25A–B). Markings are same as in Apertochrysasp. 4. Thorax ( Fig. 25C). Pronotum slightly wider than long (length = 0.58 mm, width = 0.92 mm). Thoracic markings similar to Apertochrysasp. 4. Legs ( Fig. 25D). Pale unmarked. Pretarsal claws simple, without basal dilation, cylindrical at base ( Fig. 25E). FIGURE 22. Apertochrysasp. 4. Female. A. Head frontal view; B. Head and pronotum, lateral view; C. Hind pretarsal claw; D. Dorsal habitus; E. Lateral habitus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–B), 1.0 mm (D–E). FIGURE 23. Apertochrysasp. 4. A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view. C–E. Spermatheca; F. Subgenitale, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–B). Abbreviations: cc= callus cerci; gl= gonaphophyses lateralis; inv= invagination; S= sternum; pr= ventrally projecting process on neck of subgenitale; sd= spermathecal duct; sg= subgenitale; sm= spermatheca; T= tergum; T9+ect =fused ninth tergum and ectoproct; vel= spermathecal velum. FIGURE 24. Apertochrysasp. 5. Female. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 2.0 mm. FIGURE 25. Apertochrysasp. 5. Female. A. Head, frontal view; B. Head and pronotum, lateral view; C. Dorsal habitus; D. Lateral habitus; E. Hind pretarsal claw. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–B), 1.0 mm (C–D). Wings ( Fig. 24). Forewing: Costal area relatively narrow, slightly wider at the longest subcostal veinlets (5–11). Longitudinal veins pale. Subcostal veinlets (cv) dark brown, proximal 3–9 veinlets with a median pale yellow band (dark brown in some individuals). Subcostal area with dark basal subcostal crossvein (bsx). Pterostigma pale. 9–10 radial cells; radial crossveins straight, dark brown with a median yellow band. Branches of Rs pale yellow, proximal 3–4 branches, and marginal forks dark brown; four Banksian cells (b cell), four lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Two series of gradates; four inner gradates (ig); six outer (og) gradates; dark brown. Basal crossvein between Rs and M (r-m) meets at subdistal margin of im cell. Median arculus (m-cu2) dark. Pseudomedia (Psm) pale yellow, branches dark with a median yellow band, distal branches dark brown. Pseudocubitus vein (Psc) pale, with dark branches. Anal veins with proximal 1/2 pale yellow, distal branches dark brown. Two intramedian cells; first intramedian cell (im1) ovate. Second median cell (m2) slightly shorter than third median cell (m3). First intracubital cell (icu1) slightly shorter than second intracubital cell (icu2). Third intracubital cell (icu3) with an indistinct dark spot at proximal margin. Hindwing: Costal area narrow. Longitudinal veins pale. Subcostal veinlets dark brown. Subcostal area with three brownish crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma pale. Four b cells (including the small basal cell); four b’ cells. Nine radial cells; radial crossveins dark, except proximal 2–4 veinlets with a median yellow band. Branches of Rs pale. Two series of gradates; two inner gradates; five outer gradates; dark brown. Psm, Psc, cubital and anal veins pale. Pseudomedia (Psm) pale yellow, branches dark brown with a median yellow band. Pseudocubitus (Psc) and branches pale yellow, proximally dark brown. Anal veins pale yellow. Abdomen and the female genitalia are similar to Apertochrysasp. 4( Figs 26A–F).