New rattans from New Guinea (Calamus, Arecaceae) Baker, William J. Dransfield, John Phytotaxa 2014 2014-03-28 163 4 181 215   7.  Calamus lucysmithiaeW.J.Baker & J.Dransf.,  sp. nov. Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Central Province: Port Moresbysub-district, Hegore villagenear Kanosiaplantation, 0 m, 8°59’S, 146°58’E,  12 July 1973,  ZieckNGF 36555( holotypeL!, isotypes A, BH, BRI, CANB, LAE!).   Diagnosis:—Distinguished by its short, but well-developed, divergent ocrea, the widely spaced, broadly elliptic leaflets and the long, trailing inflorescence with strongly recurving rachillae and pistillate flowers sometimes borne on pedicel-like stalks. Slender rattan climbing to  30 m.Stem with sheaths 6–11 mmdiam., without sheaths to 4–8 mmdiam. Leafecirrate, to 45–80 mlong including petiole; sheath glaucous green to reddish brown, with scattered to dense, thin indumentum of fine brown and translucent scales, moderately armed with scattered, stiff, dark, needle-like spines, spines 1–13 mmlong, scattered indumentum as sheath; knee 15–24 mmlong, 4–10 mmwide, colour as sheath, unarmed or lightly armed as sheath; ocrea 20–48 × 4-10 mm, divergent, triangular with edges inrolled, stiff, brown, unarmed or densely armed as sheath, especially at apex, persistent; flagellum 120-200 cm; petiole 3–50 mm, 2–3 mmwide and 3–5 thick at base, flattened adaxially, rounded abaxially, scattered indumentum as sheath, with scattered grapnel spines; rachis 33–61 cm, armed as petiole; leaflets 6–8 each side of rachis, regularly to subregularly arranged, rather widely spaced especially at tip, broadly elliptic, longest leaflets at mid-leaf position, mid-leaf leaflets 14–24 × 3.5–4.5 cm, apical leaflets 7–13 × 0.6–2 cm, apical leaflet pair not united or united up to half their length, leaflets unarmed except for minute, scattered marginal bristles, glabrous except for occasional scattered indumentum along veins, transverse veinlets relatively inconspicuous. Staminate inflorescencenot seen. Staminate flowersnot seen. Pistillate inflorescencetrailing, 170–230 cmlong including 24–36 cmpeduncle and 35–120 cmflagelliform tip, branched to 2–3 orders; prophyll 25–34 × 0.4–1 cm, strictly tubular, opening symmetrically or asymmetrically at apex, sometimes with further secondary splitting, with dense to scattered indumentum as sheath, unarmed or with scattered grapnel spines; peduncular bracts absent, rachis bracts similar to prophyll; primary branches 3–7, to 27 cmlong, 20–40 cmapart, erect to strongly recurving, somewhat congested in some specimens, unarmed, with up to 30 rachillae, bracts on primary branch narrow and strictly tubular, with abundant, detachable marginal hairs, widely spaced to 18–30 mm; rachillae 5–70 mm× 0.5–1.2 mm, strongly recurving; rachilla bracts 1–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm, subdistichous, with scattered to dense indumentum as sheath, detachable hairs present on margin; proximal floral bracteole 0.5–2 × 1–2 mm, pedicelliform, narrowly funnelshaped, distal floral bracteole 0.5 × 1.5–2 mm, saucer-shaped, scar from sterile staminate adnate to abaxial surface of distal floral bracteole. Pistillate flowersnot seen. Sterile staminateflowers not seen. Fruitellipsoid, ca. 14.5 × 10 mmincluding beak to 2 mm, with 14 longitudinal rows of pale scales with brown margins. Seed(sarcotesta removed) ca. 8 × 6.5 × 5.5 mm, ellipsoid with with a shallow pit on one side, seed surface smooth; endosperm homogeneous; embryo basal. ( Fig. 7)   Distribution:—Known from three localities along the southern cost of SE Papua New Guineain Central Provinceand its border with Gulf Province.  Habitat:—Rain forest from sea level to 90 m, on hills, valleys and at the edge of mangroves.  Uses:—None recorded  Vernacular names:— Eraharo(Toaripi)  Specimens examined:—  PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Central Province: ca.  12 kmN of Amazon Bay,  90 m, 10°11’S, 149°23’E,  13 June 1969,  Pullen7573( CANB!);  Port Moresbysub-district, Hegore villagenear Kanosiaplantation, 0 m, 8°59’S, 146°58’E,  12 July 1973,  ZieckNGF 36554(A, BH, BISH, BRI!, CANB, ED, K!, L!, LAE, MUN, QRS, SYD, US),   ZieckNGF 36555( holotypeL!, isotypes A, BH, BRI, CANB, LAE!).  Gulf Province: Malalauasub-district, Iokea,  50 m, 8°35’S, 146°18’E,  20 November 1974,  Rahiria& ZieckNGF 36576( LAE!),   Rahiria& Zieck36577(A, CANB!, BH, LAE!).  Notes:—  Calamus lucysmithiae( Fig. 7) is a lowland rattan of south-eastern New Guinea. It is easily distinguished by its short, but well-developed, divergent ocrea, its leaf with widely spaced, broadly elliptic leaflets and its long, trailing inflorescence with strongly recurving rachillae with pistillate flowers sometimes borne on pedicel-like stalks (comprising bracteole and floral axis). It is superficially similar to  C. croftiiand  C. johnsiiin leaf and sheath morphology, but neither of these bears a conspicuous ocrea or stalked pistillate flowers. This species is named for Lucy T. Smith, botanical artist resident at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, who has executed outstanding line illustrations of the majority of species of New Guineapalm, including the plates used in this article. NGF 36555 1973-07-12 BRI, CANB, LAE Papua New Guinea Type -8.983334 Kanosia 1300 146.96666 Hegore village 15 196 1 Central holotype 1969-06-13 CANB Pullen Papua New Guinea 90 -10.183333 12 km N of Amazon Bay 1298 149.38333 15 196 1 Central NGF 36554 1973-07-12 BISH, BRI, CANB, ED, LAE, MUN, QRS, SYD Zieck United States of America -8.983334 Kanosia 1300 146.96666 Hegore village 15 196 1 National Capital NGF 36555 [439,1252,1617,1642] BRI, CANB, LAE United States of America Zieck 15 196 1 holotype NGF 36576 1974-11-20 LAE Rahiria & Zieck United States of America 50 -8.583333 Iokea 1301 146.3 Malalaua 15 196 1 Gulf Province holotype [151,691,1689,1714] CANB, LAE Rahiria & Zieck United States of America 15 196 1 holotype