Systematic Review Of The Frog Family Hylidae, With Special Reference To Hylinae: Phylogenetic Analysis And Taxonomic Revision
FAIVOVICH, JULIÁN
HADDAD, CÉLIO F. B.
GARCIA, PAULO C. A.
FROST, DARREL R.
CAMPBELL, JONATHAN A.
WHEELER, WARD C.
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2005
2005-06-24
2005
294
1
240
434M
Fitzinger, 1843
Fitzinger
1843
[201,572,193,216]
Amphibia
Hylidae
Dendropsophus
Animalia
Anura
89
90
Chordata
genus
TYPESPECIES: Hyla frontalisDaudin, 1800 (5 Rana leucophyllataBeireis, 1783), by original designation. LophopusTschudi, 1838. Typespecies: Hyla marmorataDaudin(5 Bufo marmoratusLaurenti, 1768), by monotypy. Primary homonym of LophopusDuméril, 1837.
HylellaReinhardt and Lütken, ‘‘1861’’ [1862]. Typespecies: Hylella teneraReinhardt and Lütken, 1862(5 Hyla bipunctataSpix, 1824), by subsequent designation of Smith and Taylor (1948). GüntheriaMirandaRibeiro, 1926. Typespecies: Hyla dasynotaGünther, 1869(5 Hyla seniculaCope, 1868), by monotypy.
DIAGNOSIS: This genus is diagnosed by 33 transformations in nuclear and mitochondrial protein and ribosomal genes. See appendix 5 for a complete list of these molecular synapomorphies. Karyological evidence is the presence of 30 chromosomes. Morphological synapomorphies of this clade are possibly the extreme reduction in the quadratojugal (also occurs in some Cophomantiniand Hylini) and a 1/2 labial tooth row formula (known instance of homoplasy in Hyla anceps; subsequent reductions in the formula in some clades) (Duellman and Trueb, 1983; Wogel et al., 2000).
COMMENTS: This genus contains all species formerly placed in Hylathat are known or suspected to have 30 chromosomes. However, the fact that the karyotype of its sister taxon, Xenohyla, is still unknown, precludes the 30chromosome condition to be considered a synapomorphy of Dendropsophus, because it could be a synapomorphy of Dendropsophus1 Xenohyla. A similar situation occurs with two muscle characters. Burton (2004) suggested that the m. contrahentis hallucis reduced or absent and the presence of m. flexor teres hallucis are synapomorphies of this group. Unfortunately, both transformations optimize ambiguously because corresponding character states are still unknown in Xenohyla. While we consider the extreme reduction of the quadratojugal to be a possible morphological synapomorphy of Dendropsophus, we warn that the condition requires further study, because the quadratojugal is reduced as well in Sphaenorhynchusand Xenohyla(Caramaschi, 1989; Duellman and Wiens, 1992; Izecksohn, 1996), although apparently not to the level seen in Dendropsophus. Bogart (1973), Gruber (2002), Skuk and Langone (1991), and Kaiser et al. (1996) described variation in chromosome morphology for several species of Dendropsophus. CONTENTS: Eightyeight species, most of them placed in nine species groups, and seven unassigned to group.