Revision of the spider genus Mystaria Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Thomisidae) and the description of a new genus from the Afrotropical region
Honiball Lewis, Allet S.
Dippenaar-Schoeman, Ansie S.
Zootaxa
2014
2014-10-15
3873
2
101
144
45FM6
Honiball Lewis & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2014
Honiball Lewis & Dippenaar-Schoeman
2014
[151,374,1450,1476]
Arachnida
Thomisidae
Mystaria
Animalia
Araneae
30
131
Arthropoda
species
stakesbyi
sp. nov.
Figs 5, 38, 39, 83–86, 126
Type material: Holotype: ♀, GHANA: Greater Accra Region, Legon[ 05°39’N, 00°11’W], 10 December 1969, P.A. Room(MRAC 135.996). Paratypes: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC): Kasai-Occidental Province, 1 ♀, Luebo[ 05°20’S, 21°25’E], 1992, D.H Schouteden(MNHG). Nord-Kivu Region, 1 ♂, Kivu, Semliki, Valley of Djuma[ 00°43’N, 29°45’E], leaf litter sifting, 15 July 1968, R.P.M. Lejeune(MRAC 135.812); 1 ♀, Rutshuru[ 01°10’S, 29°27’E], April 1937, J. Ghesquierie(MRAC 20812/20816). GABON: Estuaire Region, 1 ♂, Kinguele[ 00°29’N, 10°20’E], 10 kmN of Kinguélé, 6 April 1986, A. Pauly(MRAC 173.087). KENYA: Western Province, 1 ♀, Kakamegaforest [ 00°22’N, 34°50’E], alt. 1600 m, secondary forest canopy fogging of Heinsia diervilleoides, 17 January 2003, W. Freund(ZFMK AR 137); 1 ♀, same locality, canopy fogging Teclea nobilis, 7–11 February 1999, T. Wagner(ZFMK AR 1297). LIBERIA: Gbarpolu County, 1 ♀, Banga[ 07°16’N, 10°03’W], 26 October 1926, R.P. Strong& G.M. Allen(MCZ). RWANDA: Est Province, 1 ♀, Ibanda Makera, Rusumo[ 02°09’S, 30°55’E], alt. 1450 m, gallery forest canopy fogging of T. nobilis, October 1993, T. Wagner(ZFMK AR 1303). TANZANIA: Kilimanjaro Region, 1 ♀, Kibongoto[ 03°10’S, 37°06’E] (MNHG). UGANDA: Masindi District: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Budongo forest [ 01°45’N, 31°25’E], alt. 1200 m, secondary canopy fogging of Cynometra alexandri, 15–25 January 1997, T. Wagner (ZFMK AR 1298, 1302); 1 ♂, same locality, 21–31 July 1995, T. Wagner(ZFMK AR 1300); 1 ♂, same locality, primary forest canopy fogging of Rinorea beniensis, 19–30 June 1995, T. Wagner(ZFMK AR 1301); 1 ♂, same locality, swamp forest canopy fogging of T. nobilis, 1–10 July 1995, T. Wagner(ZFMK AR 1299).
Etymology.Named after the husband of the first author, Eduard Stakesby. Noun in genitive gender.
Diagnosis.Females may be recognised by carapace that is often decorated with darker brown patch centrally, laterally and/or posteriorly ( Fig. 38); epigyne with narrow, curved hood anteriorly, differs from M. soleil n. sp.that have a wider hood; intromittent orifices two circular openings, antero-laterally ( Fig. 85), intromittent orifices as in Fig. 86. Male palp with RTA fairly broad at base, tip curving gradually laterally, situated close to bulb ( Figs 83, 84).
Description.Female. Size, measurements( n= 6). TL: 3.15 (2.72–4.07); CL: 1.22 (1.06–1.39); CW: 1.10 (0.99–1.30); CI: 1.11(1.06–1.20); CH: 0.74 (0.63–0.88); CLL: 0.21 (0.16–0.25); MOQ-L: 0.25 (0.21–0.28). Colour.Carapace dorsally varies from dark copper-red, orange to brown; usually with dark brown central band or patch which may extend from eye area or clypeus posteriorly; laterally with paler orange-brown to yellow areas; abdomen paler than carapace, unevenly brownish to pale, with faint white border, may be decorated with pale, purple-grey or dark brown triangular patterns; ventrally pale with dark brown striae; all legs yellow-orange, with brown band partially present over width of femora I-IV. Carapace. With fine granules or small holes; few long, erectile setae on postero- or postero-lateral edge and laterally of LE. Sternum. Slightly longer than wide; SL: 0.54; SW: 0.50; SI: 1.09. Eyes. Eye measurements: AME–AME: 0.23; ALE–AME: 0.33; AME–AME/AME–ALE: 0.69; PME–PME: 0.36; PLE–PME: 0.32; PME–PME/PME–PLE: 1.13; ALE/AME: 1.46; PLE/PME: 0.89; MOQ–AW/ MOQ-PW: 0.63; MOQ-L/MOQ-W: 0.39; Clyp/AME– AME: 0.92. Legs. Long and slender; femora, patellae and tibiae I–IV with few medium spiniform setae dorsally and laterally; tibiae with long and short spiniform setae; metatarsi and tarsi III–IV with numerous fine setae and small spiniform setae, also present ventrally on tibiae I–IV and latero-dorsally on metatarsi I–IV; leg formula: II:I:IV:III; leg measurements: leg I—Fe 0.91, Pat 0.32, Tib 0.74, Mt 0.58, Ta 0.44, total 2.99; II—Fe 1.00, Pat 0.35, Tib 0.73, Mt 0.60, Ta 0.44, total 3.12; III—Fe 0.64, Pat 0.28, Tib 0.46, Mt 0.36, Ta 0.30, total 2.05; IV—Fe 0.74, Pat 0.29, Tib 0.57, Mt 0.41, Ta 0.29, total 2.30. Abdomen.Round. AL: 1.93; AW: 1.73; AI: 1.12. Epigyne.With well-defined, small hood centrally and narrow atrium ( Fig. 85) small circular intromittent orifices situated laterad of hood; intromittent canals as in Fig. 86. Male. Size, measurements( n= 3). TL: 2.50 (2.34–2.76); CL: 1.12 (1.03–1.20); CW: 0.98 (0.90–1.40); CI: 1.15 (1.14–1.15); CH: 0.66 (0.54–0.72); CLL: 0.19 (0.18–0.22); MOQ-L: 0.23 (0.23–0.24). Similar to female but differs as follows: body smaller and more slender. Colour. Carapace uniform dark copper-red ( Fig. 39); abdomen slightly paler brown with faint black tinted marks; femora I–IV, tibiae and metatarsi IV with partially copper or brown tint. Carapace. With fewer long setae. Sternum. SL: 0.49 SW: 0.48 SI: 1.02. Eyes. ALE large; PME equally close to PLE than to each other; eye measurements: AME–AME: 0.20; ALE–AME: 0.28; AME–AME/AME–ALE: 0.70; PME–PME: 0.31; PLE–PME: 0.30; PME–PME/PME–PLE: 1.01; ALE/AME: 1.43; PLE/PME: 0.99; MOQ-AW/ MOQ-PW: 0.64; MOQ-L/MOQ-W: 0.37; Clyp/AME–AME: 0.99. Legs. Spiniform setae longer than in female, with short, fine, dense setae scattered in between, all leg segments with spiniform setae dorso-laterally and ventrally on metatarsi and tarsi; leg formula: I:II:IV:III; leg measurements: leg I—Fe 1.90, Pat 0.30, Tib 0.92, Mt 0.76, Ta 0.41, total 3.28; II—Fe 0.99, Pat 0.37, Tib 0.77, Mt 0.50, Ta 0.33, total 2.97; III—Fe 0.62, Pat 0.23, Tib 0.54, Mt 0.42, Ta 0.30, total 2.12; IV—Fe 0.70, Pat 0.21, Tib 0.57, Mt 0.44, Ta 0.31, total 2.22. Abdomen. Longer than wide; scutum narrow oval; AL: 1.38; AW: 0.95; AI: 1.45. Palp. With cymbial apophysis, retro-laterally ( Fig. 83); VTA nearly equal in length to RTA ( Fig. 84); bulb differ from M. soleil sp. n.in that the tegulum of M. stakesbyi sp. n.is not as darkly sclerotized and bulb not as wide apically as in M. soleil sp. n. Natural history.Sampled material suggest that the following tree species are preferred, Heinsia diervilleoides, Teclea nobilis, Cynometra alexandriand Rinorea beniensisin swamp, primary-, secondary- and gallery rainforests as well as some individuls were found among leaf litter. Most individuals were obtained by means of canopy fogging. Adults were sampled from October to July.
Distribution. Democratic Republic of Congo( DRC), Liberia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzaniaand Uganda( Fig. 126).
3326569371
1969-12-10
P. A. Room
Ghana
5.65
Legon
1305
-0.18333334
30
131
1
1
Greater Accra
holotype
3326569310
[199,1346,1629,1654]
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC)
Kasai-Occidental Province
30
131
1
1
Kasai-Occidental
paratype
3326569325
D. H Schouteden
Democratic Republic of the Congo
-5.3333335
Luebo
1305
21.416666
30
131
1
Kasai-Occidental Province
paratype
3326569315
1968-07-15
R. P. M. Lejeune
Democratic Republic of the Congo
0.71666664
Valley of Djuma
1308
29.75
Semliki
30
131
1
1
Nord-Kivu
paratype
3326569396
1937-04
J. Ghesquierie
Democratic Republic of the Congo
-1.1666666
Rutshuru
1308
29.45
30
131
1
Kivu
paratype
3326569385
[839,1202,1737,1762]
Gabon
Estuaire Region
30
131
1
1
Estuaire
paratype
3326569306
1986-04-06
A. Pauly
Gabon
0.48333332
Kinguele
1308
10.333333
30
131
1
Estuaire Region
paratype
3326569311
2003-01-17
W. Freund
Kenya
1600
0.36666667
Western Province
1308
34.833332
30
131
1
1
Kakamega
paratype
3326569352
1999-02-07
1999-02-11
1999-02-07
T. Wagner
Kenya
1600
0.36666667
Western Province
1308
34.833332
30
131
1
Kakamega
paratype
3326569337
[499,894,1881,1906]
Liberia
Gbarpolu County
30
131
1
1
Gbarpolu
paratype
3326569308
1926-10-26
R. P. Strong & G. M. Allen
Liberia
7.266667
Banga
1303
-10.05
30
131
1
Gbarpolu County
paratype
3326569357
[534,876,1917,1942]
Rwanda
Est Province
30
131
1
1
Est
paratype
3326569350
1993-10
T. Wagner
Rwanda
1450
-2.15
Rusumo
1307
30.916666
Ibanda Makera
30
131
1
Est Province
paratype
3326569439
Tanzania
Kilimanjaro Region
30
131
1
1
Kilimanjaro
paratype
3326569390
[469,944,1989,2014]
Tanzania
-3.1666667
Kibongoto
1307
37.1
30
131
1
Kilimanjaro Region
paratype
3326569363
Uganda
31
132
Masindi District
30
131
2
1
1
Masindi
paratype
3326569437
1995-07-21
1995-07-31
1995-07-21
T. Wagner
31
132
1
1
3326569381
1995-06-19
1995-06-30
1995-06-19
T. Wagner
31
132
1
1
3326569364
1995-07-01
1995-07-10
1995-07-01
T. Wagner
31
132
1
1