Montagu, 1808 : 111
Milne Edwards, 1845 : 180
Grube 1850 : 310
Quatrefages 1866 : 63
Langerhans1879 : 581
Claparède, 1868 : 532
Langerhans 1879 : 582
SaintJoseph 1887 : 241
San Martín 2003 : 466
Allen 1915 : 606
Dehorne 1917 : 431
McIntosh 1908 : 229
Potts 1911 : 37
Fauvel 1923 : 322
Gravier & Dantan 1928 : 98
Cognetti 1961 : 305
Parapar et al. 1996 : 148
Cognetti 1958 : 173
Revision of Autolytinae (Syllidae: Polychaeta).
Nygren, Arne
Zootaxa
2004
680
1
314
6RS68
Montagu, 1808
Montagu
1808
[264,729,924,950]
Polychaeta
Syllidae
Myrianida
Animalia
Phyllodocida
148
149
Annelida
species
pinnigera
Nereis pinnigera Montagu, 1808: 111, pl. 6, fig. 3. Myrianida fasciata Milne Edwards, 1845: 180, figs 65–68; Grube 1850: 310; Vaillant 1865; Quatrefages 1866: 63; Langerhans1879: 581; Malaquin 1890; 1893. Myrianida maculata Claparède, 1868: 532–533, pl. 13, fig. 1; Langerhans 1879: 582; SaintJoseph 1887: 241–246, pl. 13, fig. 119–129; Malaquin 1890; San Martín 2003: 466–468, fig. 255A–H. Myrianida pinnigera Allen 1915: 606; Dehorne 1917: 431–439, figs 1–4; McIntosh 1908: 229–232, pl. 71, fig. 5, 6, pl. 79, fig. 24, 24A; Potts 1911: 37–39, fig. 12; Fauvel 1923: 322–324, fig. 124A–H; Gravier & Dantan 1928: 98–100, fig. 54; Okada 1929a; 1935; 1937; Cognetti 1961: 305; Parapar et al. 1996: 148; Nygren & Sundberg 2003: GenBank sequences, 16S rDNA partial sequence AF474252, and 18S rDNA partial sequence AF474298. Mirianida pinnigera Cognetti 1958: 173.
Material examined. France: 1 spm (rear end in author's collection for DNAanalyses), BanyulssurMer, 42°29'N 03°10'E, dive, 30 m, "coralligene", May 1997. Spain: 4 spms (3 rear ends in author's collection for DNAanalyses), Sancti Petri, Chiclana, 36°23'N 6°13'W, floating docks, 1 m, sponges, hydroids, Nov 1999.
Diagnosis. Myrianidawith distinctly flattened dorsal cirrostyles; colour of live specimens white with orange to red dorsal patches.
Description. Length of stock 9.6–12.6 mmfor 46–55 chaetigers, width 0.6–0.8 mm. Stolon chain, with numerous stolons, often exceeds length of stock. Live specimens white with orange to red patches dorsally on every third or fourth segment (Fig. 74A); eyes red. Ciliation as 2 trochs per segment. Eyes confluent; eye spots absent. Palps in dorsal view projecting c. 1/5 of prostomial length, fused. Extension of nuchal epaulettes from end of chaetiger 6 to end of chaetiger 12 (n=4). Median antenna reaching chaetiger 10–13 (n=3) in live specimens. Lateral antennae and dorsal tentacular cirri, length 1/2–2/3 of median antenna. Ventral tentacular cirri 1/2 as long as dorsal pair. First dorsal cirri as long as median antenna, second dorsal cirri as long as ventral tentacular cirri. From chaetiger 1–27 cirri with usual alternation in direction, followed by DUU + DDUU + DUU + DDUU + DDU (n=1), or UDUU + 3x(DUU) + DDUUU + DDU (n=1). Dorsal cirri from chaetiger 3, alternate in length; short cirri 2/ 3 inlength of, or equal to, body width; long cirri equal to 1.5 times body width. Cirrophores present on tentacular cirri, and all dorsal cirri. Cirrophores and cirrostyles unequal (Fig. 74B); cirrophores and cirrostyles on short cirri 1/2–2/ 3 inlength of its counterpart in long cirri; cirrophores on short cirri slightly shorter or equal to parapodial lobes, cirrophores on long cirri longer than parapodial lobes; cirrophores slightly shorter or equal to cirrostyles. Lateral antennae, tentacular cirri, and second dorsal cirri cylindrical; median antenna and first dorsal cirri cylindrical (n=2) or thick (n=1), cirri on chaetiger 2–4 with slightly flattened cirrostyles, cirri from chaetiger 5 with distinctly flattened cirrostyles (Fig. 74A). Parapodial lobes of large size, with anterodorsal part prolonged (Fig. 74B). Anterior chaetigers with 3 aciculae, one in posterior part of stock. Chaetal fascicle with 15–20 compounds in anterior chaetigers, 10 inposterior part of stock. Compound chaetae with small distal tooth (Fig. 74C); serration present. Single thin bayonet chaetae (Fig. 74D), beginning at chaetiger 35. Pharynx with sinuation anterior and lateral to proventricle. Trepan in chaetiger 5–6, with c. 40 unequal teeth in 3 sizes, arranged in groups with between 4–5 unequal teeth in each (Fig. 74E); large teeth may be fused with 1 or 2 adjacent teeth; trepan teeth arranged in 1 ring. Basal ring present; infradental spines present (Fig. 74E). Proventricle equal in length to 4 segments in chaetiger 11–17 with c. 34 rows of muscle cells (n=4). Pygidium with developing stolons. Reproduction. Schizogamous reproduction by gemmiparity behind chaetiger 47–56. At the Plymouth region stolons seem to be produced only from April to October ( Okada 1935), but Gravier & Dantan (1928)found stolons of M. pinnigerain plankton for most part of the year in the Mediterranean. Morphology of epitokous stages. SaintJoseph (1887), Malaquin (1893), Dehorne (1917), and Gidholm (1967)provide information about stolon morphology. Malewith 3 chaetigers in region a, tentacular cirri 1 pair, female with 2 ( Malaquin 1893) or 5 ( Dehorne 1917) or 6 ( Gidholm 1967) chaetigers in region a, tentacular cirri 1 pair. Cirri flattened as in stock. Habitat. From low intertidal, to 10 m, among algae, sponges, hydroids, and tunicates. According to Okada (1935)always associated with the tunicates Ascidiella apersaand Phallusia mammilata.
Distribution. North East Atlantic, Mediterranean.
Remarks. See remarks for M. phyllocera.