compressicornis (Ashmead 1894: 246) ( Chrysopophagus )
Dalman 1820: 151
Walker 1847: 21
Compere 1925 : 297
Gahan 1910 : 207
Compere 1925 : 302
Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)
Zuparko, Robert L.
Zootaxa
2015
4017
1
1
126
3MHH
272317
Westwood 1833
Westwood
1833
[151,518,1518,1544]
Insecta
Encyrtidae
Cheiloneurus
Animalia
Hymenoptera
17
18
Arthropoda
genus
Type. MLPA
Distribution.W (San Benito, Santa Barbara) Host/habitat.Host unknown, but one specimen was swept from sedge ( Cyperaceae), and a series of three specimens were swept from a grassy field.
Remarks.Previously this species has only been recorded from Argentina, but in addition to those from California, specimens have been collected in Arizona and North Carolina (both UCRC). banksi( Howard 1898a: 247) ( Chrysopophagus)
Type. USNM
Distribution.N (Alameda, Calaveras, Contra Costa, Imperial, Inyo, Kern, Kings, Lassen, Los Angeles, Madera, Marin, Modoc, Napa, Nevada, Plumas, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tulare) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of Antonina graminis, Eriococcussp. via Pseudococcobiussp.; NEW: Phenacoccussp. (UCRC), Dysmicoccus timberlakei, hyperparasitoid of Hyperaspis pleuralisvia Homalotylus affinis(EMEC)
Remarks.The specimen (EMEC) reared from D. timberlakeiis probably a hyperparasitoid of an undescribed species of Pseudleptomastix,which was reared from the same host. This appears to be a species with a high variation in body color—ranging from coppery fuscous with yellow patches to almost totally dark, with the scutellum always at least partly yellow. A Cheiloneurusspecies near banksiwas collected from Inyo County (UCDC), and there is another long series from Los Angeles and Riverside counties (UCRC).
compressicornis(Ashmead 1894: 246) ( Chrysopophagus)
Type. USNM
Distribution.N (Los Angeles, Nevada, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of undetermined Syrphidae, Ceraeochrysa cubana, C. sanchezi, C. valida, Chrysopa nigricornis, Chrysoperla plorabunda, C. rufilabris, via Isodromus iceryae, I. niger, Gelis tenellus, Perilampus chrysopae; NEW: Chrysopa oculata, undetermined Hemerobiidae(both UCRC).
Remarks.Two Cheiloneurusspecies near compressicorniswere collected in Nevada & Sierra Counties (UCDC), another from Imperial County (UCRC), and two more specimens from Riverside County, which were reared from a whitefly on Enceliasp. ( Asteraceae). Chrysoperla carnea(Stephens)has been recorded as a host in North America, but some authorities consider this species is restricted to the Palearctic, and would attribute such Nearctic host records to the C. plorabundacomplex. The host record of a syrphid fly stems from a single observation by McGregor (1914)—it remains to be seen if this represents a misidentification, or if the secondary host range of C. compressicornisdoes indeed extend beyond the Neuroptera(there are no records of I. iceryae, I. niger, G. tenellusor P. chrysopaeattacking any Diptera).
elegans( Dalman 1820: 151)[ New state record](RLZC)
Type. NHRS
Distribution.W (Contra Costa, Marin, Stanislaus) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of Mayetiola destructor(via Platygaster zosinae), Aclerda subterranea(via Paraphaenodiscus subterraneus), Eulecanium franconicum, Phenacoccus hordei, Physokermes piceae, Pulvinaria vitis, Trionymus abberans
Remarks.In South Americaand the Old World, this species is recorded as a hyperparasitoid of Aclerdidae, Pseudococcidaeand Coccidae, whereas in North Americait is only known as a hyperparasitoid of Diptera, which suggests records of this species represents a complex of species or two biological races of one species ( Ferriere 1952). Neunenschwander et al.(1987)reported Cheiloneurus? elegansas a hyperparasitoid of Phenacoccus manihotivia Anagyrus lopeziin Africa, but this identification has apparently never been confirmed. Eupelmus elegans Dalman 1820, is a junior of C. elegans( Noyes 2001), which led Noyes (2001)to mistakenly record Rhyacionia buolianaas a host of this species, based on the report of Millan de DeSantis & DeSantis (1960). However, the host record in that paper referred to Eupelmus elegans Blanchard 1942.
flaccus( Walker 1847: 21) ( Encyrtus)
Type. BMNH
Distribution.N (Alpine, Contra Costa, Inyo, Marin, Monterey, Sacramento, Sonoma, Stanislaus) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of undetermined Cicadellidae; Megamelus proserpinavia Echthrodelphax fairchildii, Haplogonatopus vitiensis, Pseudogonatopus hospes
Remarks.This species was described from material collected in Ohio, and has become established in Hawaii.
inimicus Compere 1925: 297
Type. USNM
Distribution.W (Alameda, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Stanislaus, Solano, Tulare, Ventura) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of Ceroplastessp., Physokermes insignicola, Saissetia oleaevia Metaphycus lounsburyi, M. physokermis; NEW: Amonostherium lichtensioides, Lecanodiaspis rufescens, Pulvinaria mesembryanthemivia Diversinervus elegans, Microterys nietneri(all UCRC)
Remarks.Specimens of a Cheiloneurusspecies near inimicuswere collected from Fresno and Tehama counties (EMEC), Marin County (RLZC) and San Bernardino County, the latter having emerged from a gall on a Quercussp. ( Fagaceae) (UCRC). McCoy & Selhime (1970)reported this species as a primary parasitoid of S. oleaebased on the lack of host remains, but Rosen (1981)corrected this, pointing out that hyperparasitoids can consume their entire host.
lineascapus Gahan 1910: 207
Type. USNM
Distribution.N (Los Angeles, Napa, San Bernardino, San Diego, Ventura) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of Kermes nigropunctatus, Saissetia oleaevia Metaphycus lounsburyi; NEW: Radiococcus kelloggii(EMEC)
Remarks.The host record of a Kermessp. on lilac ( Oleaceae) given in the original description is probably a misidentification, since as far as is known, Kermesspp. are restricted to Quercusspp.
noxius Compere 1925: 302
Type. USNM
Distribution.C (Contra Costa, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Stanislaus) Host/habitat.Hyperparasitoid of Coccus hesperidum, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleaevia Diversinervus elegans, Metaphycus lounsburyi, M. luteolus, M. stanleyi, Microterys nietneri
Remarks.This species was accidentally established in Hawaii ( Beardsley 1976). In nature, this species is probably restricted to S. oleae/ M. lounsburyi—all other host records are from laboratory rearings. Weseloh (1969)reported this species appears to be able to discriminate between encyrtid and aphelinid primary parasitoids in the scale host. spp. Remarks.In addition to the species listed above, I have seen specimens that appear to represent an additional 10 morphospecies present in the state