Saica tibialis Stål, 1862: 441 Champion 1898: 178 McAtee & Malloch 1923: 250 Maldonado Capriles 1990: 479 Castro-Huertas & Melo 2023: 6 Saica Amyot & Serville, 1843 (Reduviidae, Emesinae, Saicini): taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis with morphological characters María, Valentina Castro-Huertas Melo, María Cecilia Zoosystema 2024 2024-12-17 46 32 813 845 4TZG3 Stal, 1862 Stal 1862 [325,582,1426,1454] Insecta Reduviidae Saica Animalia Hemiptera 23 834 Arthropoda species tibialis  ( Figs 4I-L; 5I, P; 6F, M; 8)      Saica tibialis Stål, 1862: 441. —  Champion 1898: 178[key and remarks]. —  McAtee & Malloch 1923: 250[key]. —  Maldonado Capriles 1990: 479[cat.]. —  Castro-Huertas & Melo 2023: 6[phylogenetic analyses].  MATERIAL EXAMINED. —   Lectotype(here designated).  Mexico• ♀; Coll. Signoret;  tibialisdet. Stål; B.C.A. Rhyn. II,  Saica tibialis♀; Syntypus  Saica tibialis Stål, 1862, etik. Hecher 1996; NHMW; REDV.723/1(high-resolution images).    Paralectotype.  Mexico• ♀; Signt;  tibialisStål; 197 53; NHRSGULI000001761(high-resolution images).   OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. —  Colombia•  1♀; La Sierra;  7.I.1996; García Parra; UNAB•  1 ♂; Cundinamarca, Arbelaez; 4°16’37”N, 74°24’35”W;  1417 m;  22.X.1989; H. Parra; UNAB•  1 ♂; La Mesa;  22.IX.1992; D. Rodríguez; UNAB•  1 ♂; Sasaima, Vda. Nariz Alta, Finca El Tapaz; 4°58’N, 74°26’W;  1150 m;  21.VI.2012; L. Sánchez; jama en arbusto; UNAB•  1 ♀; Silvania;  15.XI.2009; Jhon Delgado; manual en hoja; UNAB•  1 ♂; W a Fusagasugá, Vda. Mesitas; cultivo de café;  6.XI.1997; J. Cuellar; UNAB; Meta: San Juan de Arama•  1 ♀; Ropain;  23.III.1997; UNAB•  1 ♂; Risaralda: Pueblo Rico; Montezuma Ecolodge; 5.9 kmWbN de Pueblo Rico Bosquehúmedo; 5.23016°N, 76.0836°E;  1336 m;  2-7.IX.2018; C. Cubillos, trampa de luz UV; MPUJ_ENT•   1♂; Valle del Cauca: Cali, Univalle; 3°22’46.3”N, 76°31’86.9”W;  970 m;  15.II.2005; Entomophilo, manual sobre  Pithecellobiumdulce; MUSENUV•  1 ♂; Dagua, Reserva Chicoral; 03°33’12.0”N, 76°35’49.2”W;  1982 m; Juan D. Kuri, manual; MUSENUV.  Argentina•  1 ♀; Misiones, Piñalito; 1952; Viana; MACN.   DIAGNOSIS. — Coloration pale red with antennae, third visible labial segment, coxae, trochanters, apical region of tibiae, and forewings whitish ( Fig. 4I-L); posteromedial process of pygophore elevated and medially angulated, rami laterally projected ( Fig. 5I), nearly at 45°, and with apex slightly curved anteriorly ( Fig. 5P); gonoplac with a blunt projection at apex ( Fig. 6M).   DISTRIBUTION. — Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, and Argentina( Champion 1898; McAtee & Malloch 1923; Maldonado Capriles 1990; Carpintero et al.2006). First record for Colombia( Fig. 8).   REDESCRIPTION  Male Macropterous. Measurements in Table 2.  Coloration( Fig. 4I-J ). Head: Red, postocular tuff of setae yellowish to orange. Scape dark brown with a yellowish basal band; pedicel dark brown, basi- and distiflagellomeres pale brown. First labial segment red, second and third segments yellowish. Thorax: Red to dark orange, lateral margins and spines whitish with their base red and apex brown. Procoxal cavity red with posterior margins whitish; procoxa and protrochanter whitish, profemur red, protibia red with apical portion whitish, protarsus yellowish; meso- and metalegs similar to proleg. Forewing yellowish, base of veins and pterostigma reddish to orange. Abdomen: Red, except whitish medial region of sternites 3 to 5.  Structure.Thorax ( Fig. 4J): Humeral angle spines long, three times longer than their base. Mesonotal spine straight, three times longer than its base. Protuberance of scutellum with apex and posteriorly entire, lateral margins not expanded in caudal view. Metanotal spine straight, nearly 0.2 times the length of mesonotal spine. Forewing with two closed cells, apex of outer discal cell extending as far as apex of pterostigma. Genitalia: Anterior region of genital opening (go) wide in dorsal view, posterior margin flat. Posteromedial process of pygophore (mpp) elevated basally and angulated medially. Ramus almost straight and projected laterally, nearly three times longer than its base, apical region narrowed with an acute and projected apical process ( Fig. 5I), nearly at 45°, with apex slightly curved anteriorly ( Fig. 5P). Dorsal phallothecal sclerite (dps) nearly triangular, apex rounded, subapical lateral margin not projected ( Fig. 6F).  Female Macropterous ( Fig. 4K-L). Similar to male in most respects  Coloration.Thorax: Entirely red.   FIG. 7. — Distributional map of  Saica Amyot & Serville,1843species.  Saica apicalis Osborn & Drake, 1915,  S. carayoniVilliers, 1943,  S. cruentata Bergroth, 1913,  S. elkinsi Blinn, 1994,  S. erubescens Champion, 1898,  S. fuscipes Stål, 1862, and  S. lativentrisVilliers, 1943. Empty circles, distributional information from examined material,circles with a dot,distributional information from the literature.   FIG. 8. — Distributional map of  Saica Amyot & Serville, 1843species.  Saica meridionalis Fracker & Bruner, 1924,  S. ochracea Distant, 1902,  S. recurvata( Fabricius, 1803),  S. rubripes Champion, 1898,  S. subinermis Hussey, 1953,  S. tibialis Stål, 1862, and  S. tupackatari n. sp.Empty circles, distributional information from examined material, circles with a dot, distributional information from the literature.  Structure.Abdomen: Posterolateral angles of tergite 7 triangular and angulated. Genitalia: Tergite 9 nearly oval. Apex of gonoplac with a blunt process, with the external margins sinuate ( Fig. 6M).  REMARKS   Saica tibialisis easily recognized by its unique coloration pattern. In addition, the structure of the posteromedial process of pygophore and the shape of the gonoplac are very useful taxonomic characters to separate this species. Champion (1898)suggested that  S. tibialiscould be allied to  S. erubescens, considering probably the paler coloration of some regions of the body, and the similar posteromedial process of pygophore. However the coloration pattern is conspicuously different as well as the structure of the endosomal sclerites.  Stål (1862)described the species based on male and female specimens from Mexico. However, he did not indicate the number of specimens. Two female syntypesare deposited in the NHMWand NHRScollections, but the male specimen was not found in the collections where Stål material is deposited. Here, we selected the female from NHMWas lectotype. 4997732351 NHMW B. C. A. Rhyn Mexico Stal Mexico 23 834 REDV.723/1 1 1 lectotype 4997732321 NHRS- Mexico Mexico 23 834 NHRSGULI000001761 1 1 paralectotype 4997732335 1996-01-07 UNAB La Sierra & Garcia Parra 23 834 1 1 4997732363 1989-10-22 UNAB H. Parra 1417 4.2769446 Arbelaez 21 -74.40972 23 834 1 1 Cundinamarca 4997732340 1992-09-22 UNAB D. Rodriguez La Mesa 23 834 1 1 Cundinamarca 4997732303 2012-06-21 UNAB L. Sanchez Sasaima 1150 4.9666667 Finca El Tapaz 1306 -74.433334 Vda. Nariz Alta 23 834 1 1 Cundinamarca 4997732355 2009-11-15 UNAB Jhon Delgado Silvania 23 834 1 1 Cundinamarca 4997732324 1997-11-06 UNAB J. Cuellar Fusagasuga San Juan de Arama Vda. Mesitas 23 834 1 1 Meta 4997732302 [897,1220,241,269] 1997-03-23 UNAB Ropain 23 834 1 1 Meta 4997732322 2018-09-02 2018-09-07 2018-09-02 MPUJ C. Cubillos Pueblo Rico 1336 5.23016 Pueblo Rico Bosque 5 76.0836 Montezuma Ecolodge 23 834 1 1 Risaralda 4997732346 2005-02-15 MUSENUV Entomophilo 970 3.3795278 Univalle Cali 23 834 1 1 Valle del Cauca 4997732301 MUSENUV Juan D. Kuri Argentina 1982 3.5533333 Reserva Chicoral 1 -76.597 Dagua 23 834 1 1 4997732333 MACN Pinalito & Viana Argentina Misiones 23 834 1 1 Misiones