Bayana labordai, new genus and species of Nemesiidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) from Northern Uruguay and Southern Brazil Pérez-Miles, Fernando Costa, Fernando G. Oca, Laura Montes de Journal of Natural History 2014 J. Nat. Hist. 2014-04-29 48 31 - 32 1937 1946 Pérez-Miles & Costa & Oca, 2014 Pérez-Miles & Costa & Oca 2014 [486,670,813,837] Arachnida Nemesiidae Bayana GBIF Animalia Araneae 4 1940 Arthropoda species labordai sp. nov.   ( Figures 1 –7)    Type specimens   Male Holotypefrom Cerro Miriñaque, Rivera, Uruguay( 31°32'04 ″S 55°37'56 ″W),  Oct. 22 2012. L. Montes de Oca, F.G. Costa, F. Pérez-Milescoll., (adult moult in the laboratory on  Dec 25 2012) deposited in FCE-MY:1029. Paratypes: male (FCE- MY:1030), four females ( FCE-MY:1031-1034) from the same site, date and collectors; male ( MCTP: 14494) from Potreiro Velho(currently, Centro de Pesquisase Conservação da Natureza Pró-Mata), São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil( 29°28'21 ″S 50°09'25 ″W),  Jul 19 –22 1999, A.A. Lisecoll.    Etymology The specific name is a patronym in honour of Alvaro Laborda, a Uruguayan arachnologist who first collected the new species in Uruguay.  Male holotype( Figure 3a). Colouration (alive): Cephalotorax, legs and abdomen dark brown with longer reddish setae on the lateral faces of legs, edge of the carapace and on the abdomen. Dense body pubescence. Total length, excluding chelicerae and spinnerets 18.70. Cephalothorax 9.70 long, 8.40 wide. Fovea 1.30 wide, slightly procurved. Clypeus 0.26. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior straight to slightly recurve. AME 0.29, ALE 0.38, PME 0.10, PLE 0.41. Eye group subrectangular, 0.8 length, 1.3 wide. Chelicerae with 3 large –2 small –3 large teeth on the promargin and 8 small in a line on the retromargin. Rastellum formed by thin setae. Intercheliceral tumescence pale, round, covered by few thin reddish setae. Labium 0.60 long, 1.40 wide, with four cuspules. Palpal coxae with 40 and 34 cuspules disposed in a triangle in the angle between basal and prolateral edges. Serrula present. Sternum 4.10 long, 3.80 wide. Posterior sternal sigillae subtriangular, marginal; anterior and median sigillae present round and marginal ( Figure 3b). Palp measurements: femur 4.4, patella 2.6, tibia 2.6, cymbium 1.4. Palp spination: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 2p, cymbium 0. Leg measurements: Ifemur 7.9, patella 5.0, tibia 5.5, metatarsus 5.6, tarsus 3.7; II7.5, 4.2, 5.1, 5.5, 4.2; III6.7, 4.1, 4.4, 6.4, 4.3; IV8.8, 4.2, 6.6, 9.0, 4.8. Leg spination: Ifemur 1p, patella 0, tibia 5v2p, metatarsus 1p1v (with an elevated base), tarsus 0; IIfemur 0, patella 1p, tibia 5v2p3r, metatarsus 2v2p, tarsus 0; IIIfemur 0, patella 1p, tibia 5v2p3r, metatarsus 2v2p, tarsus 0; IVfemur 0, patella 0, tibia 2v1p3r, metatarsus 3v4p5r2d, tarsus 0. Tibia I thickened with subapical spine. Scopulae present on all tarsi; I –III entire, IV divided by a row of longer setae. Scopula present on 2/3 of metatarsi I –II, absent on III –IV. Tarsi I-IV flexible ( Figure 3c). STC with a double row of 6 teeth on all tarsi, ITC absent on all tarsi. Four spinnerets, apical segment of PLS short and domed. Palp with incrassate tibia ( Figure 2a), palpal bulb piriform, abruptly tapered to embolous; 12 small, short parallel keels on the basis of the embolous ( Figures 4a, b). Palpal bulb which rests on a large and deep tibial excavation ( Figure 2a).  Figure 3. (A –C)  Bayana labordai sp. nov., (A) male body, dorsal view; (B) male sternum, labium and endites, ventral view; (C) male tarsus IV flexible (lateral view).  Female paratype(FCE-MY: 1031) ( Figure 1). Colouration (alive): as in male but with reddish setae more extended on abdomen, dense body pubescence. Total length excluding chelicerae 30.5. Cephalothorax 11.3 long, 8.6 wide. Fovea 2.2 wide, straight. Clypeus narrow 0.4. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. AME 0.31, ALE 0.41, PME 0.16, PLE 0.27. Eye group subrectangular, 0.79 long, 1.27 wide. Chelicerae with 7 large teeth on the promargin and 20 small on the retromargin, disposed in three lines. Rastellum formed by thin setae. Intercheliceral tumescence absent. Labium 1.1 long, 1.8 wide, with five cuspules. Palpal coxae with 40 and 47 cuspules disposed in a triangle in the angle between basal and prolateral edges. Serrula absent. Sternum 5.5 long, 5.3 wide. Posterior sternal sigillae subtriangular, marginal; anterior and median sigillae present round and marginal ( Figure 5a). Palp measurements: femur 5.6, patella 3.2, tibia 3.2, tarsus 2.4. Palp spination: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 3v2p1r, tarsus 0. Palpal femur strongly curved ( Figure 5b). Leg measurements: Ifemur 8.5, patella 5.5, tibia 5.3, metatarsus 4.8, tarsus 3.3; II7.5, 5.1, 4.2, 4.4, 3.6; III6.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.7, 3.7; IV7.7, 5.3, 6.5, 9.3, 4.4. Leg spination: Ifemur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 0, tarsus 0; IIfemur 0, patella 0, tibia 2v, metatarsus 2v1p, tarsus 0; IIIfemur 0, patella 3p, tibia 3v, metatarsus 3v3p3r, tarsus 0; IVfemur 0, patella 0, tibia 2v2r, metatarsus 1v2r2p, tarsus 0. Scopulae present on all tarsi, I –III entire, IV less dense and divided by a row of longer setae. Scopula complete on metatarsi I –II, III 1/5 apical, IV absent. Tarsi I-IV flexible. STC with a double row of 6 teeth; ITC absent on all tarsi. Four spinnerets, PLS with apical segment short and domed. Spermathecae formed by two subcylindrical receptacles, supraspermathecal chamber less developed ( Figure 6).  Figure 4. (A –B)  Bayana labordai sp. nov., left male palpal bulb; (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view (Scale 1 mm).  Figure 5. (A –B)  Bayana labordai sp. nov., (A) female sternum, ventral view; (B) female palpal femur strongly curved, dorsal view.  Variation.Carapace length, males: 8.12 –9.70; females: 9.13 –12.25 ( X= 10.61 ± 1.45SD). Length of palp and legs, males: palp 9.14 –11.00, I24.26 –27.70, II21.72 –26.50, III20.51 –25.9, IV29.64 –33.40; females palp 13.01 –15.51(14.25 ± 1.05), I23.13 –27.77 (26.91 ± 1.67), II21.75 –25.14 (24.14 ± 1.60), III19.51 –24.01(22.48 –2.02), IV 28.01 –33.38 (32.08 ± 2.73). Labial cuspules, males 4 –5; females: 3 –11; cuspules on palpal coxae, males: 34 –42, females: 30 –53. Colouration dark to very dark brown with reddish longer setae on the lateral face of legs, edge of the carapace and on the abdomen.  Figure 6.  Bayana labordai sp. nov., female spermathecae, dorsal view (Scale 1 mm).   Natural history Females and juveniles inhabit tubular basket-like burrows with a portion dug in the soil (about 15 cmdeep) and an aerial portion ( 10 cm) constructed with silk and surrounding vegetation, mainly the Gramineae  Elyonurus muticus(Spreng.)( Figure 7). The burrow has homogeneous diameter of 1.5 –2.0 cm. Burrows were found on the southern slope and top of Miriñaque hill. Miriñaque is a flat hill of 282 mheight, considered a relict as product of the erosive action on the basaltic shield. On the sandstone soil, a dense meadow matrix predominates with more than 80 species of grasses registered, most of them aestival. Also there are some patches of arborescent vegetation including Myrrhinum lorantoides(Hook. and Arn.), Blepharocalix angustifoliusO.Berg in Mart.,  Daphnopsis racemosaGriseb., Shinus lentiscifoliusMarch., Shinus engleriBarkley and  Litraea brasiliensis(L.) March. The dwarf palm  Butia paraguayensis(Barb.Rodr.)is a rare species present in this hill ( Evia and Gudynas 2000). Other mygalomorph spiders present in this site are the theraphosids  Plesiopelma longisternale(Schiapelli and Gerschman, 1942)and  Grammostola anthracina(C.L. Koch, 1842). The specimen from Brazilwas collected by pit-fall trap in a different habitat: Mixed Ombrophilous Forest dominated by  Araucaria angustifolia(Bertol.) Kuntze, with savannas at altitudes of about 900 m(see Indicatti et al. 2008b, p. 31); also occurring there are the theraphosid  Magulla brescovitiIndicatti et al. 2008, the nemesiids  Stenoterommata arnoliseiIndicatti et al. 2008,  S. curyiIndicatti et al. 2008,  S. grimpaIndicatti et al. 2008,  S. palmar Goloboff, 1995,  Acanthogonatus ericaeIndicatti et al. 2008and the microstigmatid  Xenonemesia araucariaIndicatti et al. 2008( Indicatti et al. 2008a).   Sexual behaviour  Both males moulted to adults in the laboratory on the  25 December 2012( holotypeand paratype FCE-MY 1030) and the female on  14 –16 December 2012( paratype FCE-MY 1031). Themale holotypecopulated the female paratype FCE-MY 1031 inthe laboratory. Maleinitiated courtship after contacting the female silk tube, performing body vibrations. Aftertouching the female, male placed his forelegs between the retrolateral face of female chelicerae and palps. Thedistal end of the first tibia of male was retained between the bases of female chelicerae and palp. Thesecond pair of male legs surrounds the female between the second and third pair of legs. Forelegspush and the second pair of legs pulls the female, raising her and adopting the typical mygalomorph mating position ( Type I, Foelix 2011). Probablythe curved palpal femur of the female facilitates the passage of the male first leg. Fifteenalternate palpal insertions were observed during copulation. Matingduration was 44 minutes and took place in the entrance of the tubular burrow. Aftercopulation the male walked away; we did not observe any attacks. 2012-10-22 2012-12-25 2012-10-22 L. Montes de Oca & F. G. Costa & F. Perez-Miles Uruguay Montes de Oca -31.534445 Male 20 -55.63222 Cerro Mirinaque 4 1940 1 Rivera holotype 1999-07-19 1999-07-22 1999-07-19 FCE-MY, MY, MCTP de Pesquisas & A. A. Lise Brazil Sao Francisco de Paula -29.4725 Potreiro Velho 20 -50.156944 Conservacao da Natureza Pro-Mata 4 1940 1 Rio Grande do Sul paratype 2012-12-14 2012-12-25 2012-12-14 FCE-MY The & Male & After & Forelegs & Type I & Probably & Fifteen & Mating 8 1944 FCE-MY 1030, FCE-MY 1031 5 holotype