A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030 Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz Zootaxa 2011 2011-09-16 3030 1 1 62 Macedo, 2011 Macedo 2011 [634,879,1417,1443] Insecta Gasteruptiidae Gasteruption GBIF Animalia Hymenoptera 44 45 Arthropoda species rafaeli sp. nov.   Etymology.The epithet for this species is in honor of Dr. José Albertino Rafael, curator of Hymenoptera, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, who collected all Brazilian specimens.   Diagnosis.Differs from  G. brandaoiby the mesoscutum not rugose and with lesser dense punctuation ( Fig. 20c); and the pronotum ventral lobe rugulose ( Fig. 20d). Differs from other Neotropical species by the mesoscutum punctate; the metacoxa striate ( Fig. 27g); the occipital carina wide dorsally and laterally ( Fig. 20b) (rarely narrow dorsally); the head longer than wide ( Fig. 20a); the ovipositor sheath longer than the metasoma ( Fig. 20e); and the fore wing discal cell absent ( Fig. 1b).    Description.Female( Fig. 20e). Length: 15.3 mm( 14.1–17.2 mm) (n=16); ovipositor sheath length 0.90 (0.83–0.94) × body length.  Head.Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, longer than wide ( Fig. 20a), punctulate; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina relatively wide dorsally and laterally (rarely narrow dorsally) ( Fig. 20b). Head length 1.39 (1.31– 1.43) × eye length; eye length 20.26 (16.00–25.67) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 2.19 (1.94–2.38) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1 stflagellomere 1.05 (1.00–1.13) × as long as scape, 1.44 (1.20–1.70) × as long as pedicel, 0.56 (0.50–0.64) × as long as 2 ndflagellomere. Color: black, clypeus with anterior portion lighter than remaining, antenna dark brown.   FIGURE 20.  Gasteruption rafaeli. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.  Mesosoma.Propleuron imbricate; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate rugulose, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 20d); mesoscutum punctate ( Fig. 20c); mesoscutelum imbricate; mesepisternum imbricate dorsally and areolate (or rugulose) ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina indistinct or present ( Fig. 27g); metacoxa finely striate. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.86 (1.79–2.04) × as long as high; propleuron 2.02 (1.80–2.20) × longer than its largest wide, 1.34 (1.23–1.42) × pronotum length; metacoxa 2.76 (2.60–3.09) × as long as wide; metatibia 4.64 (3.58–5.04) × as long as wide, 1.42 (1.33–1.45) × as long as femur, 2.70 (1.97–2.85) × as long as 1 sttarsomere. Fore wing discal cell absent ( Fig. 1b); hind wing with 3 hamuli, not equidistant. Color: black to dark brown, with anterior and posterior lobes of pronotum lighter; fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia yellow brown to red brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow, with apical tarsomeres gradually darker than basal ones; hind leg with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, 1 sttarsomere yellow, with base dark brown, 2 ndyellow to dark brown, 3 rd– 5 thdark brown.  Metasoma.Imbricate, 3.20 (3.00–3.46) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 1.44 (1.31–1.51) × as long as metasoma. Color: terga dark brown, with posterior regions red brown; ovipositor sheath dark brown, with apex yellow brown.  Male.Similar to female; hind tarsus entirely dark brown.  Geographic distribution: Brazil( Amazonas, Pará), Venezuela.   Material examined.  Holotype, female ( INPA):  BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaus, Campus Universitário, Malaise,  18.XI.1978, J.A. Rafael.     Paratypes: BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaus, Campus Universitário, Malaise,  26.VIII.1978, 9.IX.1978, 18.XI.1978, 25.XI.1978, 23.VI.1979, 28.VII.1979, 04.VIII.1979, 08.IX.1979, 7.VI.1982, 11.VI.1982, 23.VI.1982, 28.VII.1982, 20.VIII.1982, J.A. Rafael, 11♀, 17♂( INPA);   Pará: Alter do Chão,  15–18.II.1992, J.A. Rafael, 1♀( INPA);   VENEZUELA: Aragua:  2 kmN Ocumare de la Costa, 21–22. VI .1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 1♀( USNM);   Zulia: Puerto de Cata, 10–11. VI .1976, A.S. Menke& D. Vincent, 2♀( USNM). 1978-11-18 INPA J. A. Rafael. Brazil Malaise Amazonas Campus Universitario 46 47 1 holotype 26. VIII. 1978, 9. IX. 1978, 18. XI. 1978, 25. XI. 1978, 23. VI. 1979, 28. VII. 1979, 04. VIII. 1979, 08. IX. 1979, 7. VI. 1982, 11. VI. 1982, 23. VI. 1982, 28. VII. 1982, 20. VIII. 1982 INPA J. A. Rafael Brazil Manaus Malaise Campus Universitario 46 47 28 11 17 Paratypes paratype 1992-02-15 1992-02-18 1992-02-15 INPA J. A. Rafael Brazil Alter do Chao 46 47 1 1 Para paratype [249,1011,511,536] VI Venezuela 2 km N Ocumare de la Costa 46 47 1 Aragua paratype USNM A. S. Menke & Vincent Venezuela 46 47 1 1 Aragua paratype [265,631,547,572] VI Venezuela Puerto de Cata 46 47 1 Zulia paratype [631,1156,548,572] USNM A. S. Menke & Vincent Venezuela 46 47 2 2 Zulia paratype