Revision of the Orasema festiva species group (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eucharitidae)
Burks, Roger A.
Mottern, Jason
Heraty, John M.
Zootaxa
2015
3972
4
521
534
74RB5
[151,345,620,646]
Insecta
Eucharitidae
Orasema
Animalia
Hymenoptera
2
523
Arthropoda
species
festiva
Diagnosis.Recognized from all other Orasemaspecies by having 8 funiculars ( Fig. 2: F2–F9), smooth face, labrum with 8–11 digits ( Fig. 3: lbr), densely setose, elongate fore wing with a long postmarginal vein reaching near to apex of wing ( Figs 2, 6: pmv), and lateral margins of petiole with a single strong carina confluent with a broadened ventral surface ( Fig. 5: lpc). Additional descriptive features include: scape and legs (beyond coxae) yellow; face smooth; vertex posteriorly sharp; mandibular formula 3:2; wings slightly infuscate, at least 2.3× as long as broad; fore wing with bare basal cell and small specular area; hind wing costal cell densely setose; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with areolate-rugose or transverse sculpture, never reticulate; transverse antecostal sulcus on Ms2 smooth ( Fig. 25: acs).
Biology.Unknown. Immature stages of O. caesariata(egg) and O. delicatula(first instar) are described herein. Distribution. Northern South Americaand Panama( Fig. 1), with a range in elevation from 150–1280 meters. Phylogenetics. Six species are recognized. As part of a separate study, we have sequences including 18S (783bp), 28S D2–D5 (1120bp), COI (1041bp) available for four species, O. caesariata, O. delicatula, O. reburraand O. erwini(Mottern & Heraty in prep). In those results (likelihood and parsimony using PAUP and RAxML), the festiva-group is monophyletic, with two species pairs: O. caesariata+ O. reburraand O. delicatula+ O. erwini. These results are reinforced by morphological differences. Both O. caesariataand O. reburrahave long setae on the head, mesosoma and petiole, which in Orasemais otherwise known only in the Orasemacoloradensis-group. The longitudinal groove between the torulus and eye is shallow, hardly visible, and not surrounded by a depression in O. reburra, and is absent from O. caesariata, but is deeply impressed and surrounded by a depression in the other species. This feature does not occur in a similar form in any other Orasemaand would support the monophyly of O. alvarengai, O. delicatula, O. erwiniand O. festiva. No other characters appear to delineate groupings within this complex.