Montiel et al ., 2004 : 62 Rozbaczylo et al ., 2006a : 85 Rozbaczylo et al ., 2006b : 98 Sternaspis chilensis S. maior Chamberlin, 1919 S. maior S. chilensis S. maior S. chilensis S. maior S. chilensis S. maureri S. magellanica sendalli S. monroi S. chilensis S . chilensis S. maureri sendalli S. monroi Sternaspis scutata Sternaspis chilensis n. sp., a new species from austral Chilean channels and fjords (Annelida, Sternaspidae) Díaz-Díaz, Oscar Rozbaczylo, Nicolás Zootaxa 2017 4254 2 269 276 52F4M [151,388,151,177] Polychaeta Sternaspidae Sternaspis Animalia Terebellida 2 271 Annelida species chilensis sp. nov.     Sternaspis scutata:  Montiel et al., 2004: 62;  Rozbaczylo et al., 2006a: 85–86, figs. 5 l–o;  Rozbaczylo et al., 2006b: 98( non Ranzani, 1817).   Type material. Chile, Magellan Province, Moraleda Channel:Holotype (MNNCH-ANN 15024) 28.5 mm long, 12.0 mm wide, with 23 segments ( Fig. 2A); ten paratypes (MNNCH-ANN 15025–15034), 15.5–35.0 mm long, 10– 15.0 mm wide (45°06’S, 73°38’W, 250 m).    Additonalmaterial. Onehundred fifty-three specimens:  CIMAR7 Fiordoscruise: Moraleda Channel, St-6 ( 43°59,19´S, 73°21,87´W,  179 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7223); fjord AysénSt-21 ( 45°24,69´S, 72°51,64´W,  156 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7224);  Costa Channel, St-22 ( 45°29,56´S, 73°31,03´W,  304 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7225);  Estero Elefantes, St-24 ( 45°51,50’S, 73°35,41’W,  110 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7226);  Estero Elefantes, St-25 ( 46°05,01´S, 73°37,82´W,  56 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7227);  Jacaf Channel, St-32 ( 44°17,76´S, 73°10,78´W,  444 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7228); seno VentisqueroSt-37 ( 44°31,85´S, 72°40,09´W,  258 m), 19 specimens(  SSUC7229);  Puyuhuapi Channel, St-41 ( 44°53,69´S, 73°02,60´W,  238 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7230);   CIMAR8 Fiordoscruise: Bocadel Guafo, St-1 ( 43°45,29´S, 74°36,78´W,  240 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7231);  Moraleda Channel, St-8 ( 44°26,11´S, 73°27,54´W,  380 m), 2 specimens; Moraleda Channel, St-9 ( 44°41,37´S, 73°30,10´W,  322 m), 3 specimens(  SSUC7232).   CIMAR13 Fiordoscruise: Estero Quitralco, St-31 ( 45°41’S 73°16’W,  263 m), 5 specimen(  SSUC7549);  Moraleda Channel, St-40 ( 44°49´S, 73°30’W,  192 m), 1 specimen; Moraleda Channel, St- 41 ( 45°06’S, 73°38’W,  250 m), 6 specimens(  SSUC7550); SW Churrecue Island, St-45 ( 45°21’S, 73°39’W,  120 m), 7 specimens(  SSUC7551);  Costa ChannelSt-46 ( 45°31’S, 73°32’W,  300 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7552);  Estero ElefantesSt-50 ( 46°12’S, 73°40’W,  66 m), 1 specimen; Costa Channel, St-76 ( 45°23’S, 73°30’W,  297 m), 11 specimens(  SSUC7553); fjord AysénSt-79 ( 45°21’S, 73°05’W,  324 m), 51 specimens(  SSUC7554); fjord AysénSt-80 ( 45°25’S, 73°01’W,  200 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7555); fjord AysénSt-81 ( 45°26’S, 72°53’W,  150 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7556);  PuyuhuapiChannelSt-87 ( 44°39’S, 72°44’W,  260 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7557).   CIMAR17: Estero Reloncaví, St-7C ( 41°32’54”W, 72°19’48”W,  199 m), 2 specimens(  SSUC7791);  Gulf of Ancud, St-20 ( 42°20’06”S, 72°56’00”W,  249 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7792);  Gulf of Ancud, St-14 ( 41°59’24”W, 73°00’00”W,  257 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7793).   CIMAR18 Fiordoscruise: Peligroso Island, St-34 ( 43°47,8’S, 73°37,7’W,  192 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7794);  Pasodel MedioSt-76 ( 45°22,9’S, 73°31,9’W,  315 m), 1 specimen(  SSUC7795). CIMAR 20: St-20 (1 specimen), St-93 (1 specimen).   Description. Holotype(MNNCH-ANN 15024) 28.5 mm long, 12.0 mm wide, with 23 segments ( Fig. 2A); ten paratypes(MNNCH-ANN 15025–15034), mm long, 15 mmwide ( 10 specimens). Prostomium hemispherical, opalescent, translucent, eyespots absent ( Fig. 2B). Peristomium oval, extended as a wide band over the prostomium, with filiform papillae. Mouth oval, surface densely covered with thick filiform papillae ( Fig. 2C), extending from the base of prostomium to anterior edge of second segment. Integument of segments 1–6 densely covered by cuticular filiform papillae ( Fig. 2A´), papillae less numerous on ventral surface. Genital papillae protrude ventrolaterally from intersegmental groove between segments 7 and 8. Surface of segments seven and eight with many stout cuticular papillae especially near genital papillae; some cuticular papillae with small grains of sediment adhered to bases, genital papillae with long papillae on proximal end and few rounded papillae in middle region ( Fig. 2D, right genital papilla). First three chaetigers with 15–19 light bronze, widely separated, slightly falcate introvert hooks per bundle ( Fig. 2E). The base and subdistal falcate chaetae end with dark areas. The integument closer to falcate chaetae with dark spots. Pre-shield region with 7 segments, without fine capillary chaetae but with abundant minute papillae, both dorsally and ventrally, and rows of clusters of short filaments closer to ventro-caudal shield, especially on dorsal surface. Many thin filiform papillae in the inferior margin of the ventro-caudal shield, with capillary chaetae protruding laterally from body wall, with long papillae surrounding the base of the bundle. Ventro-caudal shield violaceous-gray, with radial ribs and concentric lines distinct ( Fig. 2F), outer margin blue. Fan continuous, with crenulated margin; median notch indistinct. Anterior margins rounded; anterior depression shallow; anterior keels not exposed. Lateral margins medially expanded, reduced posteriorly. Marginal shield chaetal fascicles include: 11 lateral ones, with 10–14 hirsute capillary chaetae arranged with an inverted C-shaped pattern ( Fig. 2G), pubescence less obvious basally; pubescence fragile, brittle sheath covering chaetal axis ( Fig. 2H). Posterior most fascicle, in the corner of the shield, with long, delicate capillaries between peg chaetae and first bundle of posterior chaetae; posterior shield margin with six fascicles, with 8–10 chaetae arranged in lineal pattern. Peg chaetae short, with a broad base in cross section, emerge from cuticle on a slightly raised mound. Two subtriangular branchial plates diverging ( Fig. 2I). Branchiae abundant; interbranchial papillae long, filamentous ( Fig. 3A).   FIGURE 1.Geographical location of the study area showing collecting stations.   FIGURE 2. Holotype (MNHNCL ANN-15024) paratypes 22 mm long (MNHNCL ANN-15029)ventral view (inset: A´close-up of body papillae from region indicated by arrow), B) anterior end, ventral view; C) close-up of mouth area showing papillae; D) close-up of genital papillae; E) chaetiger 1, left side, bronze chaetae; F) posterior region showing shield, chaetae and branchial region; G) left lateral marginal shield chaetae, showing distribution pattern; H) detail of chaetae from lateral shield; I) branchial plate detail, branchiae removed, paratype.  Variation.Specimens smaller than 15 mmin length with 12–15 bronze chaetae on first three chaetigers and the colour of the shield red ( Fig. 3B, F); specimens with 28–35 mmlong, have blue shields ( Figs. 3C–E). Three specimens with anterior keels partially exposed. The number of bronze chaetae of the introvert increases with the size of the specimens. In some specimens the posterior chaetal bundles are covered by a hyaline structure, which seems to encapsulate each bundle.   Remarks.  Sternaspis chilensis  n. sp.is included in the group of sternaspids having shields with ribs and concentric lines, fan continuous, without a distinct median notch and with margin crenulated. The group includes:  Sternaspis rietschi Caullery, 1944(from Indonesia), Sternaspis thalassemoides Otto, 1821(from Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea),  Sternaspis thorsoni Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013(from Indian),  Sternaspis piotrowskiaeSalazar-Vallejo, 2014(from the Philippines) and  Sternaspis maior Chamberlin, 1919(from Gulf of California).  Sternaspis thalassemoides,  S. thorsoniand  S. piotrowskiaehave shields with posterior corners distinct, such that  S. chilensis  n. sp.Furthermore,  S. chilensis  n. sp.differs to  S. thorsonimainly that the posterior margin in the new species is smooth to crenulate whereas it is denticulate in  S. thorsoni.    Sternaspis chilensis  n. sp.is very similar to  S. maior Chamberlin, 1919, both have similar shields, but their main difference would be the development of the shield anterior depression, being deeper in  S. maiorand shallower in  S. chilensis, another differences are peristomium round, without papillae in  S. maiorand with filiform papillae in  S. chilensis, and marginal shield chaetal fascicles in oval pattern in  S. maiorand an inverted C-shaped pattern in  S. chilensis. Two Spernaspisspecies have been recorded in South America with  S. maurerifrom Peru, and  S. magellanicafrom the Magellanic biogeographical Province. Two other species have been recorded for relatively nearby areas, in Southern Ocean, S,  sendalliand  S. monroi( Fig. 4). With the description of  S. chilensis  n. sp., the knowledge and richness of polychaetes in the South Eastern Pacific Ocean off Chile, in the Magellanic biogeographical Province and for the family is increased. Compared with the other species recorded in the region,  S. chilensis  n. sp.is different from  S. maureriand S,  sendallibecause both species have the ventro-caudal shield fan with a distinct median notch; and  S. monroihave the shield with ribs; concentric lines indistinct.  Sternaspis scutatarecorded by Gambi & Mariani (1999)and Bremec et al. (2000)cannot be confirmed, but they might belong to the same species we are describing in this contribution.    Typelocality.,Moraleda Channel, Southern Chile( 45°06'S, 73°38'W), 250 mdepth Southern Chile( 45°21’S, 73°05’W), 324 mdepth.   Etymology.The species name is derived from the name of the country Chileand the suffix indicates it lives in this region.   Distribution.Austral Chilean channel and fjord region from Estero Reloncaví ( 41°32’54”W, 72°19’48”W) to Strait of Magellan ( 53°34’S, 70°04’W), between 50 and 515 mdepth. 1455889632 CIMAR, SSUC Additonal 179 -43.9865 Fiordos 11 -73.3645 One 2 271 CIMAR 7, SSUC 7223 2 1455889649 SSUC 156 -45.4115 Aysen 11 -72.860664 2 271 SSUC 7224 2 Aysen 1455889643 [472,1432,535,560] SSUC 304 -45.49267 Costa Channel 11 -73.517166 2 271 SSUC 7225 2 Aysen 1455889646 [151,1151,572,597] SSUC 110 -45.858334 Estero Elefantes 11 -73.590164 2 271 SSUC 7226 1 Aysen 1455889642 SSUC 56 -46.0835 Estero Elefantes 11 -73.63033 2 271 SSUC 7227 1 Aysen 1455889650 SSUC 444 -44.296 Jacaf Channel 11 -73.179665 2 271 SSUC 7228 1 Aysen 1455889631 SSUC 258 -44.530834 Ventisquero 11 -72.66817 2 271 SSUC 7229 19 Aysen 1455889645 [232,1217,679,704] SSUC 238 -44.894833 Puyuhuapi Channel 11 -73.043335 2 271 SSUC 7230 1 Aysen 1455889652 CIMAR, SSUC Fiordos 240 -43.754833 Guafo 11 -74.613 Boca 2 271 CIMAR 8, SSUC 7231 1 Aysen 1455889648 SSUC 380 -44.6895 Moraleda Channel 11 -73.50166 Moraleda Channel 2 271 SSUC 7232 5 Aysen 1455889653 CIMAR, SSUC 263 -45.683334 Estero Quitralco 1128 -73.26667 Fiordos 2 271 CIMAR 13, SSUC 7549 5 Aysen 1455889647 SSUC 192 -45.1 Moraleda Channel 1132 -73.63333 Moraleda Channel 2 271 SSUC 7550 7 Aysen 1455889639 SSUC Iceland 120 -45.35 Island 1131 -73.65 2 271 SSUC 7551 7 1455889640 [528,1432,895,920] SSUC Iceland 300 -45.516666 Costa Channel 1129 -73.53333 2 271 SSUC 7552 2 1455889635 SSUC Iceland 66 -45.383335 Costa Channel 1131 -73.5 Estero Elefantes 2 271 SSUC 7553 12 1455889633 [489,1367,967,992] SSUC Iceland 324 -45.35 Aysen 1131 -73.083336 2 271 SSUC 7554 51 Aysen 1455889637 SSUC Iceland 200 -45.416668 Aysen 1130 -73.01667 2 271 SSUC 7555 2 Aysen 1455889651 SSUC Iceland 150 -45.433334 Aysen 1130 -72.88333 2 271 SSUC 7556 1 Aysen 1455889654 [505,1432,1039,1064] SSUC Iceland 260 -44.65 Puyuhuapi 1135 -72.73333 2 271 SSUC 7557 2 Aysen 1455889636 [151,1334,1076,1101] CIMAR, SSUC Iceland 199 Estero Reloncavi -72.33 2 271 CIMAR 17, SSUC 7791 2 Aysen 1455889634 SSUC Iceland 249 -42.335 Gulf of Ancud 19 -72.933334 2 271 SSUC 7792 1 Aysen 1455889641 SSUC Iceland 257 Gulf of Ancud -73.0 2 271 SSUC 7793 1 Aysen 1455889644 CIMAR, SSUC Iceland 192 -43.796665 Fiordos 113 -73.628334 2 271 CIMAR 18, SSUC 7794 1 1455889638 SSUC Iceland 315 -45.381668 Medio 113 -73.53167 Paso 2 271 SSUC 7795 1