Aleochara maculata BRISOUT DE BARNEVILLE, 1863: 18 Aleochara maculata weiratheri BERNHAUER, 1940: 1047 On the taxonomy and zoogeography of some Palaearctic Aleochara species of the subgenera Xenochara M & R and Rheochara M & R (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) Assing, V. Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 2009 2009-07-15 59 1 33 101 BN8C Assing, 2009 Assing 2009 [265,691,1248,1272] Insecta Staphylinidae Aleochara Animalia Coleoptera 36 69 Arthropoda species brevilaminata sp. nov. Xenochara   Type material:   Holotype ♂: " Kyrgyzstan/ Naryn, Moldo-Too Ch., Suulu-Kurtka river,  30.-31.VII.2006, 41°38'20"N, 75°02'10"E,  2350 m, l. L. Schmidt/ Holotypus ♂  Aleochara brevilaminata sp. n., det. V. Assing2009" (cAss).  Paratypes: 10 exs.: same data as holotype (cAss);  1 ♂: " Kyrgyzstan/ Talass, KirgizskijA., Terek-Sai valley,  18.-20.VII.2006, 42°34'17"N, 72°42'49"E,  1850 m, leg. L. Schmidt" (cAss);  1 ♂: " Kyrgyzstan/ Dshai-Abad, Chatkal-Valley, Chatkal river,  23.VII.2006, 41°39'42"N, 70°44'48"E,  1400 m, leg. L.Schmidt" (cAss);  1 ♂, 2 ♀♀: " Kyrgyzstan/ Batken, Kyzyl- Kija,  15.IV.2007, N40°15'46", E72°08'35",  1000 m, leg. L. Schmidt" (cAss);  1 ♂: " Kyrgyzstan/ Issyk-Kul, Tort-Kul,  11.IV.2007, N42°06'50", E76°55'54",  1760 m, l. L. Schmidt" (cAss); 1 ♀, "Kirghizia -  1830 m, Tschatkalski Chrebet, Tschatkal valleynear, Karysch-Kyja, 41°49'58N, 71°11'41E,  28.VII.1998, leg. Müller-Motzfeld " (cAss); 2 ♀♀: " Kyrgyztan[sic], Ferghansky Alatau, Toskool Ata,  1.VIII.2002" (cSch); 2 ♀♀: " Uzbekistan, E Tashkent, Chatkalskyirange, Shikaftar,  26.VII.2001" (cSch); 1 ♂, 10 exs.: " Asiacentr., Tadhikist., Pamir Alai, Hissar Mts., Adshuk Cleftnear Warsob,  1200 m,  1.-3.VII.1990, leg. Schülke& Wrase " (cSch, cAss); 2 ♂♂, 1 ex.: "S-Kazakhstan,  1300 m, E Zailyiskyi-Alatau, Belshabdar river,  25.-27.VI.2002, Putchkov" (cAss); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: " Kasachstan(SO), Dzungarskij Alatau, Mt. Toksanbaj, Koksu, Koksu river,  3.07.1993, leg. R. Predel " (cSch, cAss); 1 ♀: "  06.07.1993,  5 kmSouth of Akshij, riv. Kurty, SO- Kazakhstan, leg. R. Predel " (cSch); 1 ♂: " Tajikistan: Kalaykhumbskiy Rayon, Viskharvi[probably near Qal'aikhum, 38°28'N, 70°45'E], Ubaginaracleft, in dung, 1800-  200 m, V. Mikhailov,  13.6.1981[tansliteration from Cyrillic]" (cSch); 1 ♂, 1 ♀: " Tajikistan: Kalaykhumbskiy Rayon, Viskharvicleft [probably near Qal'aikhum, 38°28'N, 70°45'E], subalp., Viskharvi-Bolopeak, V. Mikhailov,  12.6.1981" (cSch, cAss);  1 ♂, 1 ex.: " Iran, Razavi-Khorasan Prov., EmamQoli- Kapkanrd:  17 kmO Emam Qoli: Aghmazar,  1850 m( Koppe Dag), N 37°19'16" E058°41'13",  31.05.2006, lg. Frisch& Serri" (cAss);  1 ♀: " Iran, Kermanshah Province, Ghara Tappeh,  1950 m, N 34°44'49" E047°51'12",  23.06.2004, leg. J. Frisch" ( MNHUB).   Description: Body length: 3.5-5.2 mm. External characters as in  A. laevigata, but distinguished as follows: Reddish spot on elytra broader, broader than long and occupying more than half of posterior margin, and on average slightly larger. Antennae with antennomeres V-X slightly more transverse, approximately twice as wide as long.  ♂: tergite VIII and sternite VIII as in Figs 135-136; median lobe of aedeagus, 0.65-0.80 mmlong, with ventral process shorter in relation to basal capsule, apex of ventral process more slender and of different shape in lateral view; apical sclerotised internal structures more slender and longer ( Figs 137-140).  ♀: spermatheca somewhat smaller, proximal portion of capsule proximally with less pronounced tooth-like projection; apical cuticular intrusion longer ( Figs 141-142).   Etymology: The name (Latin, adjective: with short lamen) refers to the relatively short ventral process of the aedeagus.   Distribution and bionomics:   Theknown distribution includes Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, southern Kazakhstan, and Iran( Map 4). The typespecimens were collected at altitudes of  1000-2350 m, many of them from dung.  The species of the  Aleochara maculatagroup Species of the  A. maculatagroup usually live in mountain habitats, at intermediate to high elevations, and are apparently coprophilous. They are characterised particularly by the derived morphology of the median lobe of the aedeagus, i.e., the conspicuously arched, long, slender, and apically very acute ventral process, as well as the shape of the apical sclerotised structures in the internal sac. In addition, they share the following characters: body of moderate to rather large size; coloration blackish with the elytra often partly or completely reddish; antennae moderately slender, with the preapical antennomeres distinctly less than twice as wide as long; punctation of forebody rather fine, that of abdomen relatively coarse and not very dense (except for the densely punctate anterior impressions of tergites III-V); legs moderately slender, with the metatarsi somewhat shorter than the metatibiae; dimorphism of sternite VIII pronounced; spermatheca of rather uniform shape.    Aleochara (Xenochara) maculata BRISOUTDE BARNEVILLE, 1863( Figs 143-147, Map 5)      Aleochara maculata BRISOUT DE BARNEVILLE, 1863: 18.     Aleochara maculata weiratheri BERNHAUER, 1940: 1047.   Material examined:    Spain: 1 ♂, Galicia, Orense, Peña Trevinca,  1800 m,  3.VI.1995, leg. Starke(cAss);  4 exs.[det. Tronquet], Cantabria, Santander, Pico de Tres Mares,  2000-2100 m,  31.V.1990, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ♀[det. Feldmann], Asturias, Picos de Europa, Andara,  1900 m, snowfield,  27.V.1999, leg. Assmann(cFel);  1 ♂, Aragón, Huesca, Valle de Astun,  1900 m,  26.VI.2003, leg. Valcárcel(cAss);  1 ex.[det. Tronquet], Cataluña, Lérida, Sierra de Port del Comte, Pla de Bassiès,  2000 m,  20.IV.1999, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ♂, Castilla- León, León, Peña Ubiña, above Puerto Ventana,  1950 m,  3.VI.1998, leg. Hetzel(cAss);  1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, León, Sierra del Cabrera, Viscodillo,  2050 m,  23.V.1999, leg. Feldmann(cAss, cFel);  1 ♂, Castilla-León, Burgos, Sierra de Neila, road from El Colladoto Quintamar,  27.V.1994, leg. Schülke& Grünberg(cSch);  1 ♂, Castilla-León, Ávila, Sierra de Gredos,  1700 m,  V.1992, leg. Poot(cWun).    France: 1 ex., Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Pic d'Orhy,  VI.1990, leg. Poot(cWun);  1 ♀, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Col de la Pierre St. Martin, Murlong, 42°57'N, 0°45'W,  1800-2000 m,  8.VI.1998, leg. Lompe(cAss);  2 exs.[det. Tronquet], Hautes-Pyrénées, Aragnouet, Val d'Estarragne,  2300-2450 m,  27.VI.1969, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ex.[det. Tronquet], Pyrénées-Orientales, Prats-de-Mollo,  VII.1975, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ex.[det. Tronquet], Pyrénées-Orientales, Canigou mt., Pla Guilhem,  2200 m, snowfield,  1.VI.1998, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ex.[det. Tronquet], Canigou mt., Ras de Prat de Cabrera,  1650 m,  9.V.2001, leg. Tronquet(cTro);  1 ex.[det. Tronquet], Ariège, Col de Pailhières,  2000 m,  4.VII.1970, leg. Tronquet(cTro).    Italy: 1 ex., Piemonte, Monte Saccarello( CN),  13.VI.1998, leg. Diotti(cAss);  1 ♂, Alpi Cozie, valley W Maddalena,  1800 m,  30.VI.1997, leg. Feldmann(cFel);  2 ♂♂, Lazio, SE Terni, Monti Reatini, Passo Terminillo,  1900 m, near snow,  3.VI.2000, leg. Wunderle(cWun, cAss);  1 ♂, Lazio, M. Terminillo, Campo Forogna(RI),  11.V.1998, leg. Angelini(cAss).    Austria: 1 ♀, Wien, Strebersdorf( NHMW);  2 exs., Wienenv., leg. Breit( NHMW);  1 ♀, Steiermark, Stuhleck, leg. Woerz( NHMW);  1 ex., Steiermark, Schöckl Alpe, leg. Strupi( NHMW).    Czech Republic: 1 ex., " Prag", leg. Skalitzky( NHMW).    Romania: 1 ex., Lotrului Mts., Prejba["Presbe"], leg. Gassner( NHMW).    Bosnia-Herzegovina: 1 ♂, Vlašicplanina,  600-1700 m, car-net,  5.V.1990, leg. Wunderle(cAss);  1 ♂, Treskavica( NHMW).    Greece: 8 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, Pella,  40 kmNE Flórina, Oros Voras, 40°54'N, 21°50'E,  1950 m,  22.IV.2000, leg. Assing& Wunderle(cAss, cWun);  3 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, Flórina,  20 kmSSW Flórina, Oros Vitsi, 40°39'N, 21°24'E,  1870 m, snowfield,  22.V.2005, leg. Assing(cAss);  1 ex.[det. Feldmann], Ipiros, Peristeri, Anthohori, 39°41'N, 21°07'E,  1700-2200 m,  4.VI.2000, leg. Marggi(cFel);  3 ♂♂, Makedhonía, Dráma, Falakró, above ski resort, ca.  1800 m, near snow,  26.V.1999, leg. Assing& Wunderle(cAss, cWun);  2 ♀♀, Fokis,  45 kmSSW Lamia, Oros Giona, 38°40'N; 22°20'E,  1700 m,  17.IV.2000, leg. Assing(cAss);  1 ex.[det. Feldmann], Korakas( Korax), Stavros, 38°42'N, 22°08'E,  1800 m,  28.V.2001, leg. Marggi(cFel);  1 ♀, Pelopónnisos, Aroania( Chelmos),  2000 m, snow field,  6.VI.1996, leg. Wunderle(cWun);  2 exs.[det. Feldmann], Pelopónnisos, Taygetos, Profitis Ilias, 36°57'N, 22°21'E,  2250 m,  16.V.2007, leg. Starke(cFel).    Turkey: 1 ♂, Gümüşhane, ca. 50 kmSW Trabzon, 10 kmS Dikkaya, ca. 40°36'N, 39°29'E,  2000 m,  9.VI.1998, leg. Solodovnikov(cAss);  1 ♂, Rize, ca.  30 kmSW Hopa, ÇağlayanD. river valley, ca. 41°09'N, 41°22'E,  1800-1900 m,  26.VI.1998, leg. Solodovnikov(cAss);  2 ♂♂, Erzurum,  35-40 kmNW Tortum, Mescit Dağları, ca. 40°30'N, 41°17'E,  2600 m,  19.VI.1998, leg. Solodovnikov(cAss).   Comment: The original description of  A. maculatais based on an unspecified number of syntypesfrom "Paris. Vernet. (Pyrénées-orientales.)" ( BRISOUT DE BARNEVILLE 1863). The localities suggest that the type series may not be conspecific; the species, as interpreted today, is most unlikely to occur in the environs of Paris, since higher mountains are absent in this region. A loan of the type material was requested, but, according to the curator in charge, it is currently inaccessible (TAGHAVIAN, pers. comm.). However, specimens from the vicinity of one of the type localities (Vernet) were seen, so that there is little doubt that the present interpretation is correct. BERNHAUER (1940)described  A. weiratherifrom an unknown number of syntypescollected in " Bosnien: Vitorog Planina im Osten von Glamoc", originally as a variety of  A. maculata. The name is currently listed as a synonym of that species ( SMETANA 2004). The illustrations of the aedeagus figured by LIKOVSKÝ (1974), PALM (1972), and WELCH (1997)are somewhat misleading.   Redescription: Body length: 5.0-8.0 mm. Coloration: body blackish; elytra posteriorly with a rather small, dark reddish spot of more or less triangular shape near sutural angle; occasionally, this spot may be more or less reduced, sometimes leaving only the posterior margin of the elytra dark reddish; tarsi reddish to reddish-brown. Head approximately as wide as long or weakly transverse; punctation rather fine and sparse; interstices with very fine micropunctation, otherwise without distinct microsculpture; eyes rather large, at least slightly longer than postocular region in dorsal view. Antenna with antennomeres IV-X gradually increasing in width and approximately 1.2-1.5 times as wide as long. Pronotum approximately 1.35 times as wide as long and 1.7 times as wide as head, widest behind the middle; posterior angles weakly marked; punctation fine and rather sparse; interstices with fine micropunctation, otherwise without microsculpture. Elytra 0.75-0.80 times as long as pronotum; punctation coarser and denser than that of pronotum. Metatarsus approximately 0.8 times as long as metatibia; metatarsomere I elongated, approximately as long as the combined length of II-IV or even longer. Abdomen with segments III-V of subequal width, segments VI-VIII weakly tapering; tergites III-V with moderately deep anterior impressions; punctation moderately coarse, dense in anterior impressions of tergites III-V and somewhat less dense on remainder of tergal surfaces; posterior margin of tergite concave in the middle.  ♂: posterior margin of sternite VIII almost acutely produced in the middle; median lobe of aedeagus with strongly arched, apically lamellate (lateral view) and very acute (ventral view) ventral process, with narrow crista apicalis, and with characteristic internal structures ( Figs 143-145); apical lobe of paramere slender, approximately 4-5 times as long as wide.  ♀: posterior margin of sternite VIII broadly convex; spermatheca shaped as in Figs 146-147.   Distribution and bionomics:   Aleochara maculatahas a distribution of the ponto-Mediterranean type, ranging from northeastern Anatoliaand the Caucasus region across the Balkans, Italy(north and south) to Great Britain, France, and northwestern Spain( Map 5). PALM (1972)reports a record from Finland. According to SMETANA (2004), the species was previously unknown from Spainand Romania. There is considerable doubt that the above specimens with the labels "Strebersdorf" and "Prag" are labelled accurately, since there are no mountain ranges in these localities. The species is apparently confined to high-altitude habitats. The above material with labels giving reliable data was collected at elevations of 1650-2600 mby turning stones and by sifting grass roots and litter, often near snow. In Spain and France, it was occasionally found together with  A. cristata. One of the above specimens was caught on the wing with a car-net in May. 2006-07-30 2006-07-31 2006-07-30 L. Schmidt Kyrgyzstan V. Assing 2350 41.63889 Naryn 19 75.03611 Suulu-Kurtka river 36 69 2 2 holotype [487,983,1409,1434] 2006-07-30 2006-07-31 2006-07-30 L. Schmidt Kyrgyzstan V. Assing 2350 41.63889 Naryn 19 75.03611 Suulu-Kurtka river 36 69 10 paratype 2006-07-18 2006-07-20 2006-07-18 L. Schmidt Kyrgyzstan Talass 1850 42.57139 Terek-Sai valley 19 72.71361 Kirgizskij 36 69 1 1 paratype 2006-07-23 L. Schmidt Kyrgyzstan Dshai-Abad 1400 41.661667 Chatkal river 19 70.746666 Chatkal-Valley 36 69 1 1 paratype 2007-04-15 L. Schmidt Kyrgyzstan 1000 Kija Batken 36 69 3 2 1 paratype 1998-07-28 2007-04-11 1998-07-28 L. Schmidt & Muller-Motzfeld Kyrgyzstan Tschatkalski Chrebet 1760 41.832775 Karysch-Kyja 19 71.194725 Tschatkal valley 36 69 2 1 1 paratype 1990-07-01 2002-08-01 1990-07-01 E Tashkent & Schulke & Wrase Uzbekistan Kyrgyztan 1200 38 71 Toskool Ata Ferghansky Alatau 36 69 15 4 1 paratype 1993-07-03 2002-06-27 1993-07-03 E Zailyiskyi-Alatau & Putchkov & R. Predel Kazakhstan Belshabdar river 1300 Mt. Toksanbaj Dzungarskij Alatau 38 71 5 1 3 paratype 1993-06-07 Kurty & R. Predel Kazakhstan 5 km South of Akshij 38 71 1 1 paratype 1981-06-13 1981-12-06 1981-06-13 V. Mikhailov & Cyrillic & Kalaykhumbskiy Rayon & Viskharvi & Qal'aikhum & Viskharvi-Bolo Tajikistan Kalaykhumbskiy Rayon 200 38.466667 Ubaginara 1175 70.75 Viskharvi 38 71 3 1 2 paratype 2006-05-31 Frisch & Serri Iran Emam 1850 Aghmazar 37.32111 Kapkan 38 71 2 1 Khorasan-e Razavi paratype 2004-06-23 MNHUB J. Frisch Iran 1950 Ghara Tappeh 34.746944 38 71 1 1 Kermanshah paratype Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan 1675 The The 39 72 1 [106,877,1141,1163] 1995-06-03 Starke Spain 1800 Pena Trevinca Orense 39 72 1 1 Galicia 1990-05-31 Tronquet Spain Tronquet 2050 Pico de Tres Mares Santander 39 72 4 Cantabria 1999-05-27 Assmann Spain Feldmann 1900 Andara Picos de Europa 39 72 1 1 Asturias 2003-06-26 Valcarcel Spain Huesca 1900 de Astun Valle de Astun 39 72 1 1 Aragon 1999-04-20 Tronquet Spain Lerida Tronquet 2000 Pla de Bassies Sierra de Port del Comte 39 72 1 Catalunya 1998-06-03 Hetzel Spain Leon 1950 Pena Ubina Leon 39 72 1 1 1999-05-23 Feldmann Spain Leon 2050 Viscodillo Sierra del Cabrera 39 72 4 3 1 1994-05-27 El Collado & Schulke & Grunberg Spain Burgos Quintamar Sierra de Neila 39 72 1 1 Castilla y Leon 1992-05 Poot Spain Avila 1700 de Gredos Sierra de Gredos 39 72 1 1 Castilla y Leon [106,833,1400,1422] 1990-06 Poot France Pyrenees-Atlantiques Pic d'Orhy 39 72 1 1998-06-08 Col de la Pierre St. Martin & Lompe France 1900 42.95 Pyrenees-Atlantiques 1146 -0.75 Murlong 39 72 1 1 1969-06-27 Tronquet France Val d'Estarragne Tronquet 2375 Hautes-Pyrenees Aragnouet 39 72 2 1975-07 Tronquet France Tronquet Pyrenees-Orientales Prats-de-Mollo 39 72 1 1998-06-01 Tronquet France Pla Guilhem Tronquet 2200 Pyrenees-Orientales Canigou mt. 39 72 1 2001-05-09 Tronquet France Tronquet 1650 Canigou mt. Ras de Prat de Cabrera 39 72 1 1970-07-04 Tronquet France Tronquet 2000 Ariege Col de Pailhieres 39 72 1 [189,945,175,197] 1998-06-13 CN Diotti Italy Monte Saccarello 40 73 1 Piemonte 1997-06-30 W Maddalena & Feldmann Italy 1800 Alpi Cozie 40 73 1 1 2000-06-03 SE Terni & Wunderle Italy 1900 Passo Terminillo Monti Reatini 40 73 2 2 Lazio 1998-05-11 M. Terminillo & Angelini Italy Campo Forogna 40 73 1 1 Lazio [189,614,290,312] NHMW Strebersdorf Austria Wien 40 73 1 1 Wien [628,1009,290,312] NHMW Breit Austria Wien 40 73 2 Wien NHMW Woerz Austria Stuhleck 40 73 1 1 Steiermark [493,995,319,341] NHMW Strupi Austria Schockl Alpe 40 73 1 Steiermark [189,706,347,370] NHMW Skalitzky Czech Republic Prag 40 73 1 Praha [189,869,376,399] NHMW Prejba & Gassner Romania Lotrului Mts. 40 73 1 [189,1124,405,427] 1990-05-05 Wunderle Bosnia and Herzegovina 1150 Vlasic 40 73 1 1 NHMW Treskavica Bosnia and Herzegovina 40 73 1 1 2000-04-22 Assing & Wunderle Greece 1950 40.9 Oros Voras 1159 21.833334 Pella 40 73 14 6 8 2005-05-22 Assing Greece 1870 40.65 Oros Vitsi 1161 21.4 Florina 40 73 8 5 3 2000-06-04 Marggi Greece Feldmann 1950 39.683334 Anthohori 1167 21.116667 Peristeri 40 73 1 Ipeiros 1999-05-26 Assing & Wunderle Greece Makedhonia 1800 Falakro Drama 40 73 3 3 2000-04-17 Assing Greece 1700 38.666668 Oros Giona 1173 22.333334 Fokis 40 73 2 2 2001-05-28 Marggi Greece Korakas Feldmann 1800 38.7 Stavros 1173 22.133333 Korax 40 73 1 1996-06-06 Wunderle Greece 2000 Chelmos Aroania 40 73 1 1 Peloponnisos 2007-05-16 Starke Greece Feldmann 2250 36.95 Profitis Ilias 1184 22.35 Taygetos 40 73 2 Peloponnisos 1998-06-09 Solodovnikov Turkey 2000 40.6 Dikkaya 1161 39.483334 40 73 1 1 Gumushane 1998-06-26 Solodovnikov Turkey 1850 41.15 Caglayan 1158 41.366665 40 73 1 1 Rize 1998-06-19 Solodovnikov Turkey 2600 40.5 Mescit Daglari 1162 41.283333 40 73 2 2 Erzurum