A new species of Operculicarya H. Perrier (Anacardiaceae) from western dry forests of Madagascar Randrianasolo, Armand Lowry II, Porter P. Candollea 2015 2015-06-01 70 1 57 60 6SNQY Randrian. & Lowry Randrian. & Lowry. A. Fruiting 2015 [132,642,1021,1046] Magnoliopsida Anacardiaceae Operculicarya Plantae Sapindales 2 59 Tracheophyta species calcicola sp. nov.     Typus: M ADAGASCAR. Prov. Mahajanga: Région Melaky, Beanka, S de la Kimanambolo, 18°07’14’’S, 44°33’34’’E,  350 m,  25.XI.2014, fr.,  Gautier et al.5829(holo-: G[ G00377897]!; iso-: BR, K, MO-6605509!,  P[ P00641020]!, TAN).    Operculicarya calcicola Randrian. & Lowrydiffers from its most similar congener, O. gummifera (Sprague) Capuron, by its larger leaflets [(2.5-) 6-11 × (1.3-)2.5-4.7 vs. (2)3-6.3 × (0.9) 1-1.9 cm] and fruits [10-12 × 7-10 × 5-7 vs. 6-9 × 5-7× 3-5 mm], as well as the thickness of its infrutescence axis [0.9-1.3(-1.8) vs. 0.3-0.9(-1.3) mm]. Small to medium treesca. 5-10 mtall, trunk ca. 11-20 cmin diam. with smooth bark; twigs short-lanate. Leavesimparipinnate, alternate and usually well-spaced on long shoots, more closely clustered on lateral short shoots, (14-) 19-28.5 cmlong; petiole 5-8.5 cmlong, short-lanate; rachis not winged, terete, short-lanate; leaflets (9-)11-13, lateral ones opposite, petiolules 2-5 mmlong, short-lanate, blade membranaceous to chartaceous, ovate, (2.5-)6-11 × (1.3-) 2.5-4.7 cm, median ones largest, discolorous, dark greenish brown to dark green above when dried, paler green beneath, densely lanate on both surfaces when young, with longer and somewhat denser trichomes along the midvein and secondary veins, glabrescent on upper surface except along midvein and secondary veins, venation craspedodromous, tertiary venation visible, more so on lower surface, base oblique to subcordate, asymmetric in lateral leaflets, margin entire, apex acuminate, the acumen rounded. Flowersunknown. Infructescenceaxes 2-7.5(-17) cm long, 0.9-1.3(-1.8) mm in diam. at base; pedicel ca. 1-3 mmlong, glabrous. Fruits6-8(-16) per infructescence, ellipsoid, slightly compressed laterally, 10-12 × 7-10 × 5-7 mm; endocarp bony, with a single operculum.   Distribution and ecology. –  Operculicarya calcicolais only known from dry, deciduous forest on karstic limestone (“tsingy”) in western Madagascar( Fig. 2), at elevations between 50 and  600 m.The flowers of this species are as yet unknown, but fruiting material has been collected in November and December.   Conservation status. – Operculicarya calcicolahas an extent of occurrence (EOO) of 1,426 km 2and would thus qualify as Endangered under the Criterion B1 of the IUCN Red List ( IUCN, 2012) if other qualifying conditions were met. However, as  O. calcicolais restricted to karstic limestone areas, one of the few natural habitats in Madagascarthat does not appear to be subjected to noticeable human-caused destruction or alteration, it may well be under little if any threat, and should thus be assigned a preliminary status of Least Concern [LC].   Notes.– Using the key provided by RANDRIANASOLO & LOWRY (2006), material of this new species would be identified as  O. gummifera(Sprague) Capuron. Itcan, however, be distinguished by several features, as summarized in Table 1.  All but three of the known collections of  O. calcicolawere made since RANDRIANASOLO & LOWRY (2006) completed their review of the genus. The two oldest gatherings ( Leandri 2017and Service Forestier 6778) were not cited by them because they are fragmentary and could not be assigned with confidence to any of the eight species they recognized, whereas the most recent one (Jongkind et al. 3228)was regarded as a somewhat atypical individual of  O. gummifera.     Paratypi.–  MADAGASCAR. Prov. Mahajanga: Region Melaky, Tsingy de Bemaraha, S of the Manambolo River, 19°09’S 44°09’E,  50 m,  26.XI.1996, fr.,  Jongkind et al.3228( G[ G00404134],  MO-5968354,  P[P04800703], TAN,  WAG);  env. de Tsiandro (Ouest), forêt de Behandrao, [ 18°49’37’’S 44°52’25’’E],  500-600 m,  25.XI-3.XII.1952, fr.,  Leandri2017( P[ P00633854,  P00633857]);  aux env. de Tsiandro, [ 18°49’37’’S 44°52’25’’E],  4.XII.1952, fr.,  Service Forestier6778( P[ P00120510,  P06242028,  P06633856]);  Beanka, partie centrale, Ambinda Nord, 17°55’48’’S 44°28’34’’E,  223 m,  16.XI.2011, fr.,  Gautieret al. 5625( G[G 00376040],  MO-6605511,  TAN);  forêt d’Amboloando, Tsingy de Beanka, 18°04’35’’S 44°32’02’’E,  269 m,  12.XI.2012, fr.,  Rakotovaoet al. 6185( G[ G00377809],  MO-6605512,  TAN);   ibid. loc., 18°04’56’’S 44°32’20’’E,  269 m,  13.XI.2012, fr.,  Rakotovaoet al. 6213( G[ G00377810],  MO-6605510,  TAN). 3416550321 2014-11-25 G Beanka, S M ADAGASCAR Gautier et al. 350 -18.120556 Prov. Mahajanga 21 44.559444 2 59 G00377897 1 Prov. Mahajanga holotype 3416550301 [454,758,1192,1216] 2014-11-25 Beanka, S MADAGASCAR Gautier et al. 350 -18.120556 Mahajanga 21 44.559444 2 59 MO-6605509 1 Mahajanga 3416550316 2014-11-25 P Beanka, S MADAGASCAR Gautier et al. 350 -18.120556 Mahajanga 21 44.559444 2 59 P00641020 1 Mahajanga 3416550312 1996-11-26 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 G Jongkind et al. Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Tsingy de Bemaraha 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 G00404134 1 Prov. Mahajanga paratype 3416550319 [482,612,1339,1358] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 MO Jongkind et al. Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 MO-5968354 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550320 [618,759,1340,1359] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Jongkind et al. Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P04800703 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550302 [109,160,1366,1385] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Jongkind et al. Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 Mahajanga paratype 3416550307 [166,233,1366,1385] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 WAG Jongkind et al. Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 Mahajanga paratype 3416550309 1952-11-25 1952-12-03 1952-11-25 P Leandri Madagascar Region Melaky 550 -18.082224 env. de Tsiandro (Ouest) 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P00633854 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550310 [109,228,1419,1439] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Leandri Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P00633857 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550308 1952-12-04 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Service Forestier Madagascar Region Melaky Service Forestier 50 -18.082224 aux env. de Tsiandro 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P00120510 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550314 [449,555,1446,1465] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Service Forestier Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P06242028 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550322 [561,683,1446,1465] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 P Service Forestier Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 P06633856 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550315 2011-11-16 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 G Gautier Madagascar Region Melaky 223 -18.082224 Beanka 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 00376040 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550303 [500,636,1499,1518] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 MO Gautier et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 MO-6605511 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550311 [643,706,1499,1519] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 TAN Gautier et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550313 2012-11-12 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 G Rakotovao Madagascar Region Melaky 269 -18.082224 foret d'Amboloando 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 G00377809 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550305 [487,615,1553,1572] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 MO Rakotovao et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 MO-6605512 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550317 [620,679,1553,1572] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 TAN Rakotovao et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 Mahajanga paratype 3416550306 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 G Rakotovao Madagascar Region Melaky 269 -18.082224 ibid. loc. 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 G00377810 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550318 [236,362,1606,1625] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 MO Rakotovao et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 MO-6605510 1 Mahajanga paratype 3416550304 [366,421,1606,1625] 1952-11-25 2012-11-13 1952-11-25 TAN Rakotovao et al Madagascar Region Melaky 50 -18.082224 Manambolo River 21 44.538887 Tsingy de Bemaraha 3 60 1 Mahajanga paratype