Protorhus ditimena var. minutifolia H. Perrier in Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 18: 261. 1944 Taxonomic treatment of Abrahamia Randrian. & Lowry, a new genus of Anacardiaceae from Madagascar Randrianasolo, Armand Lowry II, Porter P. Schatz, George E. Boissiera 2017 2017-12-27 71 1 152 8LKK Randrian. & Lowry Randrian. & Lowry 2017 [500,1042,380,408] Magnoliopsida Anacardiaceae Abrahamia Plantae Sapindales 101 101 Tracheophyta species minutifolia sp. nov.    –   Protorhus ditimenavar. minutifoliaH. Perrierin Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 18: 261. 1944[nom. inval.].    Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov.Toamasina:Rég. Alaotra-Mangoro, Moramanga, AnalamazaotraRS, “carrière de sable”, [ 18°56’S 48°26’E],  900-950 m,  29.X.1996, fl.,  A. Randrianasolo516(holo-: MO- 04895273!; iso-: G!, K!, P[ P06169142]!, TAN[ TAN002000]!)   Diagnosis   Abrahamia minutifolia Randrian. & Lowrycan be distinguished by having leaves that are smaller (1-3 3  0.9-1.8 cm) than any other member of the genus and fruits that are among the smallest (1-1.5 3  0.5-0.8 cm).   Description  Trees 3.5-12 mtall, 11.9-40 cmDBH, bark with translucid latex; young twigs waxy, lenticellate, with short, red, appressed indument at the tip. Leavessubopposite; blades, obovate, 1.8-4 3 0.9-1.8 cm, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, apex emarginate, retuse, or rounded, margin entire, base acute, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface with very sparse appressed reddish indument when young, glabrescent, venation craspedodromous, midvein prominent below, secondary veins 15-20 pairs, 0.5-2 mmapart, prominent on both surfaces, tertiary veins raised on both surfaces; petiole 3-8 mmlong, canaliculate on adaxial surface, reddish pubescent when young, later glabrescent. Inflorescenceaxillary or terminal, a thyrse, 1-3 cmlong, axes somehow flattened, with ferruginous indument. Maleand female flowers4- or 5-merous; pedicel 0.2-0.3 mmlong, pubescent; calyx lobes deltate, 1 3 1 mm, imbricate, glabrous, persistent on fruit; corolla lobes ovate, 2-2.2 3 1-1.5 mm, imbricate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface pubescent; stamens 4 or 5. Male flowerswith filaments 1-1.5 mmlong, glabrous, white, anthers c. 0.8 mmlong, obloid to slightly ovoid, yellow, glabrous; disk cupuliform, c. 1 mmin diam., glabrous; ovary rudimentary. Female flowerswith filaments 0.3-0.5 mmlong, glabrous to slightly pubescent, white, anthers c. 0.5 mmlong, subglobose to ovoid, sterile, yellow, glabrous; disk c. 1.5 mmin diam., glabrous; ovary widely to very widely ovoid, c. 1.5 3 1 mm, pubescent, placentation subapical; style shortly trifid, subapically to apically inserted, 0.5 mmlong, partly pubescent, stigmas capitate. Fruits1-1.5 3 0.5-0.8 cm, ellipsoid, slightly asymmetrical, surface velutinous, with longitudinal striations.   Distribution, ecology and phenology   Abrahamia minutifoliahas been collected primarily in premontane forest along Madagas-car’s eastern escarpment at an elevation of c. 900 mand in central high elevation forest at c. 1500 m, but it also occurs in humid forests in both the eastern and northwestern parts of the island ( Map 7). It flowers between September and November, and fruits have been collected from November to April.   Conservation status With an EOO of 117,262 km 2, a minimum AOO of 84 km 2, and 21 known localities, with subpopulations in at least 5 protected areas (Ambohitantely, Kalabenono, Maso-ala, Manongarivo, and Analamazaotra-Perinet),  A. minutifoliais assigned a preliminary conservation status of “Least Concern” [LC] using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria ( IUCN, 2012).   Notes   Abrahamia minutifoliais part of a group of species, along with  A. delphinensis,  A. diti-mena,  A. itremoensis,  A. lenticellataand  A. sericea, that has velutinous fruits, but is distinguished by its thyrsiform (vs paniculate) inflorescence and smaller fruits (1-1.5 30.5-0.8 vs 2-3-2.5 3 1.2-1.4 cmin  A. delphinensis, 2-3 3 1.4-1.6 cmin  A. ditimena, 1.5-2.3 3 1.2-1.5 cmin  A. itremoensis, 2-2.6 3 1.3-1.5 cmin  A. lenticellataand 2-3 3 0.8-1.3 cmin  A. sericea). The name  Protorhus ditimenavar. minutifolia, published by PERRIER DE LA BâTHIE (1944) on the basis of a fragmentary specimen (Louvel 21),is invalid because it lacked a Latin diagnosis, as required for all names published between 1 January 1935and 31 December 2011under Article 39.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature ( MCNEILL et al., 2012). We have chosen to retain Perrier de la Bâthie’s epithet, which aptly characterizes this taxon, by formally describing it as a new species.   Paratypi   MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: Ankazobe, AmbohitantelyRS, 18°11’S 47°17’E,  1620 m,  14.I.1997, fl.,  Randrianaivo et al.53( G, K, MO, NY, P, TAN, WAG);  forest E of Anjozorobe, E Antsahabe village, [ 18°22’S 47°47’E],  1400 m,  22.X.1996, fl.,  A. Randrianasolo508( MO, P, TAN);  AmbohitantelyRS, 18°10’42’’S 47°17’00’’E,  1530 m,   23-24.XI.1993, fl.,  Schatz et al.3565( G, K, MO, P, TAN);  ibid. loco,[ 18°09’S 47°14’E],  V.1953, fr.,  Service Forestier7361( P, TEF);  ibid. loco, [ 18°08’S 47°16’E],  1600 m,  IV.1953, fr.,  Service Forestier8417( P, TEF);  ibid. loco,  26.VII.1954, ster.,  Service Forestier11-R-282( P, TEF); Poste forestier Manankazo, Ankazobe, [ 18°09’S 47°14’E],  22.VI.1955, fr.,  Service Forestier16814( P, TEF).  Prov. Antsiranana: Ambanja, Bekolosy, 14°02’S 48°18’E,  1200 m,  28.III.1996, fr.,  Gautier& Be2909( G, MO, P, TAN, TEF);  ibid. loco, 14°02’S 48°18’E,  1070 m,  23.IX.1996, fl.,  Gautier et al.3123( G, MO, P, TAN, TEF);  Ambilobe, forêt de Kalabenono, 13°38’45’’S 48°40’45’’E,  934 m,  27.XI.2006, fr.,  Callmander et al.631( G, MO);  Andapa, Doany, forêt d’Andramanalana, 14°23’02’’S 49°21’36’’E,  1280 m,  IV.2006, fr.,  Rakotovao et al.3074( G, MO, P, TAN);  Andramilolo, SE Anjanaha-ribe, 14°19’43’’S 49°18’08’’E,  1412 m,  12.XI.2006, fl.,  Razakamalala et al.2939( G, MO, P, TAN).  Prov. Fianarantsoa: Tolongoina, Andrambavato,  2 kmS Tatamaly, 21°30’S 47°24’E,  1075 m,  13.X.2000, fl.,  Randriatafika142( G, K, MO, P, TAN).  Prov. Toamasina: Alaotra-Mangoro, Ambatovy, Analamay, 18°48’28’’S 48°20’10’’E,  1083 m,  2.XII.2005, fl.,  Antilahimena et al.4316( G, MO, P, TAN);  ibid. loco, fl.,  Anti-lahimena et al.4318( G, MO, P, TAN);  Moramanga, Ambatovy/ Andranovery forest, 18°52’09’’S 48°18’15’’E,  1013 m,  26.X.2007, fl.,  Antilahimena5937( G, MO, P, TAN);  Analamazaotra,  IX.1925, bud,  Louvel21( P);  Maroantsetra, MasoalaPN, E slope of Ambohitsitondroinan’Mahalevona summit, 15°25’34’’S 49°57’22’’E,  1160 m,  25.II.2003, fr.,  Lowry et al.6190( G, K, MO, P, TAN, WAG); along road to Lakato,  18 kmS of RN2, 19°04’06’’S 48°22’01’’E,  1050 m,  17.X.2004, fl.,  Lowry et al.6547( G, MO, P, TAN);  Ambatovy, Analamay, 18°49’26’’S 48°20’16’’E,  1000 m,  26.I.1997, fr.,  Rakotomalaza et al.1005( MO, P, TAN);  Analamazaotra,  950 m,  29.X.1996, fl.,  A. Randrianasolo515( G, MO, P, TAN);  MantadiaPN, c. 11 kmN of village of Andasibe, 18°49’47’’S 48°25’56’’E,  939 m,  10.I.2003, ster.,  A. Randrianasolo781( MO, P, TEF);  Ambatovy, 18°49’28’’S 48°19’23’’E,  1134 m,  26.XI.2005, bud,  Razafindraibe135( MO, P, TAN);  Analamazaotra-Périnet, [ 18°56’S 48°26’E],  6.XI.1957, bud,  Service Forestier18400( G, K, MO, NY, P[2 sheets]);  Ankazomanitra, PK 45, route Anosi-be-Moramanga, [ 19°58’S 48°08’E],  6.XI.1968, bud,  Service Forestier26800( G, MO, NY, P, TEF); W d’Antanandava(PK 45 Moramanga-Anosibe), [ 19°08’S 48°15’E],  XI.1968, fl.,  Service Forestier28453( G, MO, P, TEF);  ibid. loco,  XI.1968, bud & fl.,  Service Forestier28454( G, MO, NY, P, TEF). 4026984690 1996-10-29 MO- A. Randrianasolo Madagascar 925 -18.933332 Alaotra-Mangoro 1273 48.433334 101 101 04895273 1 Prov. Toamasina holotype 4026984635 [785,1368,801,828] 1996-10-29 G, K, P, TAN Analamazaotra RS Madagascar 925 -18.933332 Toamasina 1273 48.433334 101 101 P06169142, TAN002000 1 Toamasina isotype 4026984633 1997-01-14 G, K, MO, NY, P, TAN, WAG Randrianaivo et al. Madagascar 1620 -18.183332 Ankazobe 1276 47.283333 103 103 1 Prov. Antananarivo paratype 4026984942 1996-10-22 MO, P, TAN A. Randrianasolo Madagascar 1400 -18.183332 Antsahabe village 1276 47.283333 103 103 1 Antananarivo paratype 4026984552 1996-10-22 G, K, MO, NY, P, TAN, WAG, E Ambohitantely RS Madagascar 1530 -18.183332 Ambohitantely 1276 47.283333 103 103 1 Antananarivo paratype 4026984984 [733,1473,1249,1277] 1993-11-23 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 G, K, MO, P, TAN Schatz et al. Madagascar 1530 -18.15 1276 47.233334 103 103 1 paratype 4026984920 [454,1349,1286,1314] 1953-05 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar Poste 1530 -18.15 Ankazobe 1276 47.233334 Manankazo 103 103 1 paratype 4026984876 1953-04 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar Poste 1600 -18.15 Ankazobe 1276 47.233334 Manankazo 103 103 1 paratype 4026984792 1954-07-26 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar Poste 1530 -18.15 Ankazobe 1276 47.233334 Manankazo 103 103 1 paratype 4026984464 1955-06-22 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar Poste 1530 -18.15 Ankazobe 1276 47.233334 Manankazo 103 103 1 Antsiranana paratype 4026984760 1996-03-28 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 G, MO, P, TAN, TEF Gautier & Be Madagascar Poste 1200 -18.15 Bekolosy 1276 47.233334 Ambanja 103 103 1 Prov. Antsiranana paratype 4026984771 1996-09-23 1993-11-24 1993-11-23 G, MO, P, TAN, TEF Gautier et al. Madagascar Poste 1070 -18.15 Ankazobe 1276 47.233334 Manankazo 103 103 1 Antsiranana paratype 4026984808 1928392940 2006-11-27 G, MO Callmander et al. Madagascar Andapa 934 http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen_details.php?irn=1410299 -13.645833 Ambilobe 21 48.67917 Doany 103 103 1 paratype 4026984360 1996-09-23 G, MO, P, TAN, TEF Gautier & de Kalabenono Madagascar Andapa 1280 -13.645833 d'Andramanalana 21 48.67917 Doany 103 103 1 paratype 4026984314 2006-11-12 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN Razakamalala et al. Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 Andramilolo 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984524 2000-10-13 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, K, MO, P, TAN Randriatafika Madagascar Prov. 1075 -21.30 Andrambavato 21 47.24 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Prov. Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984855 2000-10-13 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, K, MO, P, TAN Randriatafika Madagascar Prov. 1075 -14.328611 Andrambavato 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Prov. Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984666 2006-04 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN Antilahimena et al. Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984933 2007-10-26 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN Antilahimena Madagascar Moramanga 1013 -14.328611 Andranovery forest 21 49.302223 Ambatovy 103 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984875 [454,1018,1921,1949] 1925-09 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). P Louvel Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 Analamazaotra 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984667 2003-02-25 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, K, MO, P, TAN, WAG Lowry et al. Madagascar Prov. 1160 104 104 -14.328611 Masoala 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 103 11 1 Maroantsetra paratype 4026985057 2004-10-17 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN Lowry et al. Madagascar Prov. 1050 -14.328611 Lakato 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984378 1997-01-26 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). MO, P, TAN Rakotomalaza et al. Madagascar Prov. 1000 -14.328611 Analamay 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Ambatovy paratype 4026985008 1996-10-29 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN A. Randrianasolo Madagascar Prov. 950 -14.328611 Analamazaotra 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Analamazaotra paratype 4026984806 2003-01-10 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). MO, P, TEF A. Randrianasolo Madagascar Prov. 939 -14.328611 Mantadia 21 49.302223 Mantadia 104 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984610 2005-11-26 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). MO, P, TAN Razafindraibe Madagascar Prov. 1134 -14.328611 Ambatovy 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Ambatovy paratype 4026984373 1957-11-06 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, K, MO, NY, P Service Forestier Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 Analamazaotra-Perinet 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Analamazaotra-Perinet paratype 4026984967 1968-11-06 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, NY, P, TEF Service Forestier Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 Ankazomanitra 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Ankazomanitra paratype 4026985044 2006-04 Pubescent: with various types of short and soft trichomes (e.g., A. turkii Randrian. & Lowry). G, MO, P, TAN Rakotovao & SE Anjanaharibe Madagascar Prov. 1412 -14.328611 d'Antanandava 21 49.302223 Tolongoina 104 11 1 Fianarantsoa paratype 4026984377 1968-11 G, MO, NY, P, TEF Service Forestier -19.133333 Service Forestier 1273 48.25 104 104 1 paratype