Ophiocoma ( Breviturma ) krohi Stöhr, Boissin & Hoareau, 2013: 17–20 Ophiocoma Hoareau et al. 2013: 2 Ophiocoma ( Breviturma ) krohi Boissin et al. 2016: 283 Ophiocoma krohi Conand et al. 2018: 118 Breviturma krohi Fortaleza et al. 2020: 288 Breviturma cf. krohi Shih et al. 2023: 125 Ophiocoma brevipes Peters, 1851 Stöhr et al. 2008: 553 Description of a new brittle star of the genus Breviturma (Ophiuroidea: Ophiocomidae), with a new record from Taiwan Chang, Kai Shih, Hsi-Te European Journal of Taxonomy 2025 2025-06-06 997 28 50   Ophiocoma ( Breviturma ) krohi  Stöhr, Boissin & Hoareau, 2013: 17–20    Boissin et al. 2016: 283  692ZL (Stohr, Boissin & Hoareau, 2013) Stohr, Boissin & Hoareau 2013 [487,1100,1330,1357] Ophiuroidea Ophiocomidae Breviturma Animalia Ophiacanthida 12 40 Echinodermata species krohi   Fig. 6      Ophiocoma( Breviturma) krohi Stöhr, Boissin & Hoareau, 2013: 17–20, figs 2g–l, 4k–o, 5c, f, i, l, o, r, 6.    Ophiocoma sp. nov. –  Hoareau et al.2013: 2.    Ophiocoma( Breviturma) krohi –  Boissin et al.2016: 283, fig. 3i.    Ophiocoma krohi–  Conand et al.2018: 118(in list).    Breviturma krohi–  Fortaleza et al.2020: 288, fig. 3b.    Breviturmacf. krohi –  Shih et al.2023: 125(in list).  non  Ophiocoma brevipes Peters, 1851 –  Stöhr et al.2008: 553, figs 5e–f.   Diagnosis The dorsal disc is densely covered with fine granules that extend seamlessly to the oral side. The oral shields are trapezoidal, while the adoral shields are unevenly triangular. There are four oral papillae and eight to ten tooth papillae. The dorsal arm plates are oval in shape. The arm spines are tapering, with numbers ranging fromthree to five; the proximal arm segments consistently have five spines. The ventral arm plates are pentagonal, each bearing two oval tentacle scales on its lateral sides. The coloration is yellowish-brown, with dark brown patterns on the dorsal disc ( Fig. 6A, C, E–F). Some of these patterns are pentamerously symmetrical, while others are uniformly dark. The central patterns on the dorsal arm plates are also dark. The arms are transversely banded ( Fig. 6), with the arm spines being dark gray. On the oral side, the coloration is light, with tiny dark spots scattered across the surface ( Fig. 6B, D).    Material examined   TAIWAN–  Penghu County• 10specs (DD = 4.03–12.17 mm); Wang’an, Dongjiyu; 23°15′24.9″ N, 119°39′59.4″ E; depth <  1 m;  22 Apr. 2024; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17274•  1 spec.(DD = 8.68 mm); Wang’an, Dongjiyu; 23°15′24.9″ N, 119°39′59.4″ E; depth <  1 m;  24 Apr. 2024; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17275•  5specs (DD = 7.67–12.13 mm); Wang’an, Dongjiyu; 23°15′24.9″ N, 119°39′59.4″ E; depth <  1 m;  25 Apr. 2024; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17276•  2specs (DD = 10.90–11.01 mm); Wang’an, Dongyupingyu; 23°15′29.1″ N, 119°30′46.5″ E; depth  1 m;  28 Apr. 2024; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17277. –   Pingtung County• 2specs (DD = 6.05–9.36 mm); Siaoliouciou, Shanfu Fishery Harbor; 22°20′24.4″ N, 120°21′46.2″ E; depth <  1 m;  12 Feb.2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17258•  1 spec.(DD = 10.99 mm); Checheng, Huangjin Beach; 22°04′52.6″ N, 120°42′06.2″ E; depth <  1 m;  25 Feb. 2024; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17270•  3specs (DD = 7.27–9.12 mm); Hengchun, Houbihu; 21°56′18.9″ N, 120°44′43.6″ E; depth <  1 m;  25 Dec. 2023; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17269•  2specs (DD = 10.46–12.06 mm); Hengchun, Wanlitong; 21°59′44.4″ N 120°42′22.2″ E; depth <  1 m;  26 Feb. 2024; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17271•  6specs (DD = 3.95–12.73 mm); Hengchun, Wanlitong; 21°59′42.4″ N, 120°42′22.3″ E; depth  5 m;  28 Feb. 2024; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17273•  1 spec.(DD = 12.27 mm); Mudan, Gangzaibi; 22°08′49.8″ N, 120°53′32.4″ E; depth <  1 m;  27 Feb. 2024; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17272. –   Taitung County• 2specs (DD = 6.21–9.43 mm); Chenggong, Jihuei; 23°07′00.4″ N, 121°23′50.1″ E; depth <  1 m;  11 Apr. 2023; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17260•  6specs (DD = 6.81–11.73 mm); Donghe, Dulan; 22°51′51.7″ N, 121°12′34.9″ E; depth <  1 m;  16 Oct. 2024; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17337•  1 spec.(DD = 6.20 mm); Lanyu, Dongcing; 22°04′29.2″ N, 121°34′04.3″ E; depth <  1 m;  15 Mar.2023; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17259•  4specs (DD = 9.00– 12.99 mm); Lanyu, Longmen Harbor; 22°00′16.5″ N, 121°34′52.7″ E; depth  7 m;  23 May 2023; C.-H. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17261•  3specs (DD = 9.44–12.07 mm); Lanyu, Longmen Harbor; 22°00′16.5″ N, 121°34′52.7″ E; depth  7 m;  24 May 2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17262•  1 spec.(DD = 17.17 mm); Lanyu, Langdao; 22°04′45.3″ N, 121°31′47.9″ E; depth <  1 m;  25 May 2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17263•  1 spec.(DD = 13.57 mm); Lanyu, Langdao; 22°04′45.3″ N, 121°31′47.9″ E; depth <  1 m;  6 Jul. 2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17264•  1 spec.(DD = 11.36 mm); Lanyu, Dongcing; 22°03′23.1″ N, 121°33′56.8″ E; depth <  1 m;  6 Jul. 2023; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17265•  8specs (DD = 4.94–13.23 mm); Lanyu, “ Jimavonot” [ Jade Maiden Rock]; 22°04′53.6″ N, 121°31′05.7″ E; depth  8 m;  7 Jul. 2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17266•  1 spec.(DD = 15.58 mm); Lanyu, Langdao; 22°04′45.3″ N, 121°31′47.9″ E; depth <  1 m;  15 Sep. 2023; K. Changand Y.-C. Hsuleg.; NCHUZOOL 17267•  1 spec.(DD = 8.45 mm); Lanyu, Hongtou; 22°01′19.4″ N, 121°33′29.7″ E; depth <  1 m; 15 Sep. 15; K. Chang et al.leg.; NCHUZOOL 17268.    Ecological and behavioral notes This species inhabits sandy substrates beneath rocks, ranging from the intertidal zone to shallow subtidal zone. In Taiwan, it is highly sympatric with other brittle stars, including  B. dentata,  B. securis sp. nov.,  Ophiocoma scolopendrina, and  Amphipholis squamata.    Distribution Indo-West Pacific: Reunion Island; OkinawaIslands, Japan; Taiwan; Philippines; Palau; Mariana Islands; Wake Island; Samoa; Niue; Hawaii; Society Islands, Polynesia.    Remarks   Breviturma krohiwith uniformly dark color pattern sometimes can be confused with  B. dentatain appearance. While these two species can be separated using 1) the arm spine numbers from proximal arm segments, which are four or five ( Stöhr et al. 2013; our material) (vs four in  B. dentata); 2) the W/ L ratios of dorsal arm plates, which are lower in  B. krohi(ca 1.8) ( Stöhr et al. 2013) (vs 2.0 in  B. dentata); and 3) the maximum disc diameter of this species, which is 17.17 mmin our material (vs 28 mmin  B. dentata). 5175748303 2024-04-22 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu Taiwan 1 23.256916 Dongjiyu 1 119.666504 Wang'an 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17274 10 Penghu County 5175748350 2024-04-24 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 23.256916 Dongjiyu 1 119.666504 Wang'an 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17275 1 5175748327 2024-04-25 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 23.256916 Dongjiyu 1 119.666504 Wang'an 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17276 5 5175748323 2024-04-28 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 23.258083 Dongyupingyu 1 119.51292 Wang'an 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17277 2 5175748322 2023-02-12 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 22.340113 Shanfu Fishery Harbor 1 120.36283 Siaoliouciou 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17258 2 Pingtung County 5175748320 2024-02-25 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.081278 Huangjin Beach 1 120.70172 Checheng 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17270 1 5175748346 2023-12-25 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 21.938583 Houbihu 1 120.74544 Hengchun 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17269 3 5175748325 2024-02-26 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 21.995667 Wanlitong 1 120.70616 Hengchun 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17271 2 5175748333 2024-02-28 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 5 21.995111 Wanlitong 1 120.70619 Hengchun 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17273 6 5175748340 2024-02-27 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.147167 Gangzaibi 1 120.892334 Mudan 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17272 1 5175748339 2023-04-11 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 23.116777 Jihuei 1 121.39725 Chenggong 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17260 2 Taitung County 5175748302 2024-10-16 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.86436 Dulan 1 121.209694 Donghe 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17337 6 5175748337 2023-03-15 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.07478 Dongcing 1 121.56786 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17259 1 5175748338 2023-05-23 NCHUZOOL C. - H. Chang 7 22.004583 Longmen Harbor 1 121.58131 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17261 4 5175748307 2023-05-24 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 7 22.004583 Longmen Harbor 1 121.58131 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17262 3 5175748306 2023-05-25 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 22.07925 Langdao 1 121.529976 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17263 1 5175748345 2023-07-06 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 22.07925 Langdao 1 121.529976 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17264 1 5175748358 2023-07-06 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.056416 Dongcing 1 121.56578 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17265 1 5175748313 2023-07-07 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 8 22.081556 Lanyu 1 121.51826 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17266 8 5175748354 2023-09-15 NCHUZOOL K. Chang & Y. - C. Hsu 1 22.07925 Langdao 1 121.529976 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17267 1 5175748319 2015-09-15 NCHUZOOL K. Chang 1 22.022055 Hongtou 1 121.55825 Lanyu 13 41 NCHUZOOL 17268 1