Pinotus belus Harold, 1880: 25
Pinotus belus
Luederwaldt 1929: 98
1936: 213
Blackwelder 1944: 80
Dichotomius belus
Roze 1955: 44
Medina et al. 2001: 138
Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
Montoya-Molina, Santiago
Vaz-De, Fernando Z.
European Journal of Taxonomy
2021
2021-02-11
734
1
64
35NB8
(Harold, 1880)
Harold
1880
[477,1110,1897,1924]
Insecta
Scarabaeidae
Dichotomius
Animalia
Coleoptera
14
15
Arthropoda
species
belus
Luederwaldtinia
Fig. 5, Map 3
Pinotus belus Harold, 1880: 25(original description). Pinotus belus– Luederwaldt 1929: 98; 1936: 213. — Blackwelder 1944: 80. Dichotomius belus– Roze 1955: 44. — Medina et al.2001: 138. — Sarmiento & Amat 2014: 93–95.
Diagnosis Dichotomius belusis separated from other species in the group by the following combination of characters: setae on body surface sparse or absent. Clypeal teeth generally reduced in large males and in most cases completely absent in females. Male cephalic carina conical, antero-posteriorly flattened and curved anteriorly, higher than wide. Ventral clypeal process greatly emarginate.
Material examined Lectotype(here designated) COLOMBIA• ♂, “ Medellín” [white, hw]/ “ BelusHarold.” [white, hw] /“Ex-Musaeo E. Harold” [white with black margins, p]/ “LECTOTYPE ♂ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [red with black margin, phw]; MNHN. Paralectotypes(3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀) COLOMBIA• 1 ♀; “Columbia Pinotus BelusHarold” [white, hw] / “Ex-Musaeo E. Harold” [white with black margins, p]/ “ PARALECTOTYPE♀ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN• 1 ♂; “ Medellín” [white, hw] / “Ex-Musaeo E. Steinheil” [white with black margins, p]/ “PARALECTOTYPE ♂ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN• 1 ♀; “ Medellín” [white, hw]/ “Ex-Musaeo E. Steinheil” [white with black margins, p]/ “ PARALECTOTYPE♀ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN• 1 ♀; “ Medellín” [white, hw] / “Ex-Musaeo E. Steinheil” [white with black margins, p]/ “ PARALECTOTYPE♀ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN• 1 ♂; “ Ocaña Landoldt” [white, hw]/ “Ex-Musaeo E. Steinheil” [white with black margins, p]/ “ PARALECTOTYPE♂ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN• 1 ♂; “ Ambalema” [white, hw]/ “Ex- Musaeo E. Steinheil” [white with black margins, p]/ “ PARALECTOTYPE♂ Pinotus belusHarolddes. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014” [yellow with black margin, phw]; MNHN. Additional material COLOMBIA• 1 ♂; 1–4 Mar. 1972; dung and forest; S. and J. Peckleg.; CEMT• 1 ♀; 22 Apr. 1964; CEMT• 1 ♀; Sep. 1957; Gallego; CEMT• 1 ♀; 21 Apr. 1964; CEMT. – Antioquia• 1 ♂; Medellín; BMNH• 7 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Medellín; CEMT• 1 ♀; Medellín; 15 Dec. 1962; CEMT• 1 ♀; Medellín; Encorredo; Apr. 1947; Gallegoleg.; CEMT• 6 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Puerto Berrio; 300 ma.s.l.; 6º29′31.20″ N, 74º34′39.84″ W; Mar. 2015; S. Montoya-M leg.; CEMT• 3 specs; Puerto Berrio, Vda. La Carlota; 590 ma.s.l.; 6.518° N, -74.582° W; Oct. 2012; J. Leónleg.; IAvH. – Boyacá• 1 ♂; Villa de Leyva; Pastizal; Dec. 1998; J. Noriegaleg.; CEMT• 1 spec.; Villa de Leyva, Rio Cane; 2200 ma.s.l.; Jul. 1996; F. Escobarleg.; IAvH• 1 spec.; Villa de Leyva; 2200 ma.s.l.; Sep. 1996; M. Álvaresleg.; IAvH] • 1 spec.; Villa de Leyva, Claustro San Agustín; 2200 ma.s.l.; Aug. 1998; K. Schutzeleg.; IAvH. – Cauca• 1 spec.; Bolivar, Buenos Aires, Área de reserva Lerma; 1700 ma.s.l.; 2º0′0″ N, 76º57′ W; Jan. 2010; W. Guzmánleg.; ECC. – Cundinamarca• 1 spec.; Beltrán, Insp. Paquiló, Fca. Santana; 650 ma.s.l.; 4.6678° N, 74.7596° W; Nov. 2014; A. Loperaleg.; ECC• 1 spec.; Chinauta, Fusagasugá; 1900 ma.s.l.; Jan. 1995; A. Amézquitaand A. Loperaleg.; ECC• 1 ♂; Fusagasugá; 6 Sep. 1962; CEMT• 1 ♀; Cachipay, alrededores colégio Fátima; 1500 ma.s.l.; 14 Apr. 1991; A. Meraand R. Lozanoleg.; CEMT• 1 spec.; Juan de Rio Seco; 1300 ma.s.l.; Oct. 1997; H. Pulido-Riverosleg.; IAvH• 1 ♂; Bogotá; S9S2; BMNH. – Huila• 12 specs; Garzón, Vda. El Espinal; 1000 ma.s.l.; 2º17′45″ N, 75º35′37″ W; Sep. 2002; M. Ospinaleg.; IAvH• 1 ♀; La Guajira, Fonseca; 10º49.488′ N, 72º49.476′ W; S. Montoya-M.leg.; CEMT. – Meta• 1 ♂; 33 Km E of Villavicencio; 2–4 Mar. 1972; S. and J. Peck; CEMT. – Nariño• 1 ♀; Aguada; BMNH• 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Buesaco, RN El Charmolan, Vda. Hatotongosoy; 2500 ma.s.l.; 1º22′38″ N, 77º13′9″ W; pitfall, Potrero Ganadero; 22–26 Aug. 2008; A.N.L. Hidalgoleg.; CEMT• 1 spec.; R.N. La Planada. 1800 ma.s.l.; Apr. 1994; F. Escobarleg.; IAvH• 7 specs; Taminango, Vda. Algodonal; 628 ma.s.l.; 1º40′6″ N, 77º17′15″ W; Oct. 2013; J. Salazarand J. Castilloleg.; IAvH. – Quindío• 1 spec.; Córdoba, La Tribuna; 4º25′40″ N, 75º40′22″ W; Jul. 1999; J. Molinaand J. Elejaldeleg.; ECC. – Risaralda• 1 spec.; La Celia, Vda. La Secreta; 1720 ma.s.l.; 5º1′1.3″ N, 76º1′13.6″ W; Jul. 2008; CultidACM leg.; IAVH. – Santander• 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Encino, Sector La Gorda, Fca. San Agustín; 2000 ma.s.l.; 6º7′12″ N, 73º1′59″ W; Pastizal; trampa de caída con excrement humano; 29 Nov.–1 Dec. 2009; J. Ariasleg.; CEMT• 1 ♀; Santandercito; May 1960; CEMT• 1 spec.; El Encino, Vda. Las Minas, Fca. Los Nogales; 2280 ma.s.l.; 6º6′28″ N, 73º3′7.6″ W; Dec. 2014; A. Loperaand R. Sarmiento; ECC• 1 spec.; Virolin, SFF Guanenta Alto rio Fonce; 2450 ma.s.l.; 2 Feb. 1998; J. Martínezleg.; IAvH. – Tolima• 1 ♂; Ambalema; Nevinsonleg.; BMNH 1918-14• 7 specs; Armero, Guayabal, Loma Santo Tomás; 300 ma.s.l.; 4º55′70″ N, 49º52′ W; Nov. 1995; F. Escobarleg.; IAvH • 6 specs; Armero, Guayabal Mendez Had. Bremen; 300 ma.s.l.; 5º5′31″ N, 74º45′81″ W; excr. humano; Nov. 1995; F. Escobarleg.; IAvH• 1 spec.; Mariquita, Bosque Municipal; 650 ma.s.l.; 28 Sep. 2003; V. Fuentesleg.; ECC• 1 spec.; R.N. La Victoria; 700 ma.s.l.; 4º14′45.9″ N, 74º35′37.9″ W; Apr. 2015; A. Loperaleg.; ECC. – Valle del Cauca• 1 spec.; Buga, La Magdalena; 1600 ma.s.l.; Mar. 1991spec.; C. Medinaleg.; ECC• 1 spec.; Cali; 1000 ma.s.l.; Oct. 1990; Jorge Aldanaleg.; ECC• 1 spec.; Calima; 900 ma.s.l.; Nov. 1993; R. Bravoleg.; ECC• 1 ♀; 19 mi.S of Cartago; 960 ma.s.l.; 18 Mar. 55; E.I. Schlingerand E.S. Rossleg.; CEMT• 1 spec.; Dagua, Chicoral; 1900 ma.s.l.; Jun. 1990; C. Medinaand F. Escobarleg.; ECC• 1 ♂; Pance, Farallones; Luz.Mar; Apr. 1988; L.C. Reyesleg.; CEMT• 2 ♂♂; Pance, Farallones; Luz; 25 Dec.–2 Jan. 1991; L.C. Pardoleg.; CEMT• 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Buenvª [possibly Buenaventura]; Rosenberg. Fryleg.; BMNH 1905-100• 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Cauca Valley; Colombia; BMNH.
Redescription Male MEASUREMENTS. Length: 17.9 mm. Setae on body surface sparse or absent. HEAD. Anterior third surface rugose, not extending posteriorly to base of cephalic carina. Clypeus with central weak emargination separating two short rounded clypeal teeth ( Fig. 5A, D). Cephalic carina higher than wide, antero-posteriorly flattened, looking like triangular-shaped plate in frontal view. Anterior surface of cephalic carina smooth, with microscopic punctures. Median tubercle twice the high of lateral tubercles. Lateral tubercles acuminate apically ( Fig. 5D, G). Ventral clypeal process greatly emarginate ( Fig. 2C) PRONOTUM. Gibbous, imperceptibly emarginate at antero-medial portion. Wider than long, as wide as elytra; pronotal disc shiny, with fine indistinct punctures. Medial sulcus weakly impressed. Ocellate punctures along posterior and anterior margins ( Fig. 5A, D, G), absent in lateral margins. Hypomeron with broad ocellate setigerous punctures separated by less than half the width of a puncture. Medial disc smooth, without punctures. External margin bearing multiple rows of disorganized long setae when seen in dorsal view (see Fig. 2E). ABDOMEN. Mesosternum covered by large ocellate setigerous punctures, setae as long as in mesosternum. Metepisternum smooth with some weakly marked punctures. Metasternum setigerous punctures restricted mainly to lateral areas. Antero-median portion with some feebly marked punctures next to apical margins of coxa. Lateral surface of metasternum with ocellate punctures separated by two or three times width of a puncture, some punctures with long setae. Metepisternum suture clearly visible. Ocellate punctures along anterior margin of each sternite, denser in lateral areas, without reaching the centre. Pygidium surface covered by fine punctures, basal margin with wide punctures that merge at the centre. Fig. 5. Dichotomius belus( Harold, 1880). A–B. Dorsal habitus. A. ♂. B. ♀. C. Lateral view of the aedeagus. D. Anterior view of the shape of the cephalic carina. E. Ventral view of the aedeagus. F–G. Lamella copulatrix. H.Lateral view, showing the pronotum and the cephalic carina flattened antero-posteriorly and curved anteriorly. ELYTRA. Interstriae smooth (see Fig. 2I) and shiny with fine randomly separated punctures. Striae well delimited, punctures separated by once or twice diameter of a puncture on elytral disc. LEGS. Metacoxa glabrous. Fore calcar bifurcate. PARAMERES AND LAMELLA COPULATRIX. As in Fig. 5C, E–F. Morphological variation Females( Fig. 5B) As males except for the following characters: HEAD. Rounded, clypeal margin not emarginate or faintly emarginate. Surface almost completely rugose, denser on anterior portion. Fronto-clypeal carina quadridentate. Interocular space shiny and smooth. PRONOTUM. Smooth, shiny. Hypomeron setae longer and denser than in males.
Remarks Dichotomius belusis endemic to Colombiaand is distributed throughout the dry zones of the Andes mountains and lowlands associated with the interior of the Tropical Dry Forests. Based on the original description, specimens used to describe the species were collected in Medellín, Ambalema and Ocaña.
3037418511
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Colombia
Medellin
Medellin
15
16
1
1
lectotype
3037418378
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Colombia
COLOMBIA
15
16
1
1
paralectotype
3037418345
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Medellin
Medellin
15
16
1
1
3037418591
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Medellin
Medellin
15
16
1
1
paralectotype
3037418497
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Medellin
Medellin
15
16
1
1
paralectotype
3037418602
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Ocana Landoldt
Ocana Landoldt
15
16
1
1
paralectotype
3037418563
MNHN
F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Ambalema
Ambalema
15
16
1
1
paralectotype
3037418538
[189,1145,1360,1389]
dung and forest
1972-03-01
1972-03-04
1972-03-01
CEMT
S. and J. Peck
Colombia
COLOMBIA
15
16
1
1
3037418567
1964-04-22
CEMT
Colombia
15
16
1
1
3037418321
[298,687,1398,1425]
1957-09
CEMT
Gallego
Colombia
15
16
1
1
3037418380
[715,1037,1398,1424]
1964-04-21
CEMT
Colombia
Antioquia
15
16
1
1
Antioquia
3037418342
1964-04-21
CEMT
Medellin
Colombia
Antioquia
15
16
1
1
1
Antioquia
3037418617
[310,694,1431,1460]
CEMT
Medellin
Colombia
15
16
12
5
7
3037418467
[726,1184,1433,1460]
1962-12-15
CEMT
Colombia
Medellin
15
16
1
1
3037418351
1947-04
CEMT
Gallego
Colombia
Encorredo
Medellin
15
16
1
1
3037418441
2015-03
CEMT
Colombia
300
6.4919996
Puerto Berrio
1
-74.577736
15
16
7
1
6
3037418426
2012-10
IAvH
J. Leon
Colombia
590
6.518
Vda. La Carlota
78
-74.582
Puerto Berrio
15
16
3
Boyaca
3037418566
2012-10
IAvH
J. Leon
Colombia
590
6.518
Vda. La Carlota
78
-74.582
Puerto Berrio
15
16
3
1
Boyaca
3037418377
1996-07
IAvH
F. Escobar
Colombia
2200
Rio Cane
Villa de Leyva
15
16
1
3037418394
[482,1371,1609,1638]
1996-09
IAvH
M. Alvares
Colombia
2200
Villa de Leyva
15
16
1
3037418492
[189,1373,1645,1672]
1998-08
IAvH
K. Schutze
Colombia
2200
Claustro San Agustin
Villa de Leyva
15
16
1
Cauca
3037418526
1998-08
IAvH
K. Schutze
Colombia
Bolivar
2200
2.0
Claustro San Agustin
924
-76.95
Villa de Leyva
15
16
1
Cauca
3037418520
2010-01
ECC
W. Guzman
Colombia
Bolivar
1700
2.0
Area de reserva Lerma
924
-76.95
Buenos Aires
15
16
1
Cundinamarca
3037418423
1995-01
ECC
A. Amezquita & A. Lopera
Colombia
1900
Fusagasuga
Chinauta
15
16
1
3037418415
1962-09-06
CEMT
Colombia
Fusagasuga
15
16
1
1
3037418468
1991-04-14
CEMT
A. Mera & R. Lozano
Colombia
1500
alrededores colegio Fatima
Cachipay
15
16
1
1
3037418516
[444,1382,1857,1884]
1997-10
IAvH
H. Pulido-Riveros
Colombia
1300
Juan de Rio Seco
15
16
1
3037418483
[188,529,1890,1919]
BMNH
Colombia
Bogota
15
16
1
1
Bogota
3037418392
2002-09
BMNH
M. Ospina
Colombia
1000
2.2958333
Bogota
21
-75.59361
15
16
1
1
Bogota
3037418524
CEMT
S. Montoya-M.
Colombia
10.8248
La Guajira
1
-72.8246
15
16
1
1
La Guajira
3037418438
1972-03-02
1972-03-04
1972-03-02
CEMT
S. Montoya-M.
Colombia
10.8248
La Guajira
1
-72.8246
15
16
1
1
1
La Guajira
3037418408
[282,665,1998,2025]
1972-03-02
1972-03-04
1972-03-02
CEMT
S. Montoya-M.
Colombia
10.8248
La Guajira
1
-72.8246
15
16
1
1
1
La Guajira
3037418445
2008-08-22
2008-08-26
2008-08-22
pitfall
CEMT
A. N. L. Hidalgo
Colombia
Buesaco
2500
16
17
1.3772222
Potrero Ganadero
21
-77.21917
Vda. Hatotongosoy
15
16
3
1
2
3037418571
[293,1138,301,328]
1994-04
IAvH
F. Escobar
Colombia
1800
La Planada.
16
17
1
3037418532
2013-10
IAvH
J. Salazar & J. Castillo
Colombia
628
1.6683334
Vda. Algodonal
21
-77.2875
Taminango
16
17
7
Quindio
3037418431
2013-10
IAvH
J. Salazar & J. Castillo
Colombia
628
1.6683334
Vda. Algodonal
21
-77.2875
Taminango
16
17
7
Quindio
3037418379
2013-10
IAvH
J. Salazar & J. Castillo
Colombia
628
1.6683334
Vda. Algodonal
21
-77.2875
Taminango
16
17
7
Quindio
3037418443
2008-07
2009-12-01
2009-11-29
trampa de caida con excrement humano
IAVH
Cultid
Colombia
Encino
1720
5.017028
La Celia
1
-76.02045
Sector La Gorda
16
17
1
2
2
Santander
3037418301
[810,1256,520,546]
1960-05
CEMT
Colombia
Santandercito
16
17
1
1
3037418547
2014-12
ECC
A. Lopera & R. Sarmiento
Colombia
El Encino
2280
6.1077776
Fca. Los Nogales
15
-73.05212
Vda. Las Minas
16
17
1
3037418365
1998-02-02
IAvH
J. Martinez
Colombia
Virolin
2450
SFF Guanenta Alto rio Fonce
Guanenta Alto
16
17
1
Tolima
3037418372
[445,1169,627,655]
1998-02-02
IAvH
J. Martinez
Colombia
Virolin
2450
SFF Guanenta Alto rio Fonce
Guanenta Alto
16
17
BMNH 1918-14
1
1
Tolima
3037418607
1995-11
excr. humano
IAvH
F. Escobar
Colombia
Armero
300
5.0919447
Loma Santo Tomas
921
-49.866665
Guayabal
16
17
13
3037418487
1995-11
excr. humano
IAvH
F. Escobar
Colombia
Armero
300
5.0919447
Loma Santo Tomas
921
-49.866665
Guayabal
16
17
13
3037418496
2003-09-28
ECC
V. Fuentes
Colombia
650
Bosque Municipal
Mariquita
16
17
1
3037418508
2015-04
ECC
A. Lopera
Colombia
700
4.2460833
Valle del Cauca
1
-74.593864
16
17
1
Valle del Cauca
3037418505
2015-04
ECC
A. Lopera
Colombia
700
4.2460833
Valle del Cauca
1
-74.593864
Buga
16
17
1
Valle del Cauca
3037418463
[431,1179,847,874]
1990-10
ECC
Jorge Aldana
Colombia
1000
Cali
16
17
1
3037418303
1993-11
ECC
R. Bravo
Colombia
900
Calima
16
17
1
3037418551
1955-03-18
CEMT
E. I. Schlinger & E. S. Ross
Colombia
960
19 mi. S of Cartago
16
17
1
1
3037418555
1990-06
ECC
C. Medina & F. Escobar
Colombia
1900
Chicoral
Dagua
16
17
1
3037418314
[504,1302,954,983]
1988-04
CEMT
L. C. Reyes
Colombia
Pance
Luz. Mar
Farallones
16
17
1
1
3037418546
1991-01-02
1991-12-25
1991-01-02
CEMT
L. C. Pardo
Colombia
Pance
Luz
Farallones
16
17
2
2
3037418548
BMNH
Rosenberg. Fry
Colombia
Buenaventura
16
17
BMNH 1905-100
2
1
1
3037418464
[856,1390,1027,1056]
BMNH
Colombia
Colombia
Cauca Valley
16
17
3
2
1
Cauca