Botia kubotai, a new species of loach (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from the Ataran River basin (Myanmar), with comments on botiine nomenclature and diagnosis of a new genus. Maurice Kottelat Zootaxa 2004 401 1 18 3BWC 98400 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:09226C1A-9A89-4F09-98CC-848F7DBB6275 Cobitidae Botia CoL Animalia Botia Gray 1831:8 Cypriniformes 11 Chordata genus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:675C7B4C-7B57-48BA-A93E-6A68987F7FD4 Cobitidae Botia CoL Animalia Botia almorhae Gray 1831:8 Cypriniformes 12 Chordata species almorhae   Hymenphysa M'Clelland, 1839(type species: Cobitis dario Hamilton, 1822, by subsequent designation by Jordan, 1919a). Gender feminine.  Diacantha Swainson, 1839(type species: Diacantha zebra Swainson, 1839, by subsequent designation by Swain, 1883; spelled Diacanthusp. 190, first reviser [Eschmeyer, 1990: 123] retained Diacanthaas correct original spelling). Gender feminine. [Eschmeyer considered D. zebraas type by monotypy; in fact Swainson originally included two species, D. zebraand D. flavicauda]  Hymenophysa Bleeker, 1859(incorrect subsequent spelling of Hymenphysa M'Clelland, 1839)  Diagnosis. Distinguished from other genera within the subfamily Botiinae by the following combination of characters: Mental lobe developed in a barbel. Fronto-parietal fontanelle narrow. Anterior chamber of gas bladder almost entirely covered by bony capsule; posterior chamber large or rather reduced. Anterior process of premaxilla entire, not surrounding a cavity; rostral process rather long, with a more or less distinct ridge along inner edge. Top of supraethmoid narrow or broad. Optic foramen very small. Suborbital spine not strongly curved backwards (based on Taki, 1972: 74, 76). Suborbital spine bifid. Head naked.  Remarks. The spelling Hymenophysaused by Fang (1936), Nalbant (1963, 2002), Taki (1972) and others is not correct. The correct original spelling used by M'Clelland (1839: 443) is Hymenphysa. Hymenophysaof Bleeker (1859: 303) is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Hymenphysa M'Clelland, 1839. Authors (e.g. Nalbant, 1963: 359, 2002: 317) often list Cobitis hymenophysa Bleeker, 1852as type species of Hymenphysaby tautonymy. As the generic name predates the specific name by 13 years, this of course cannot be the case. In the original description of Hymenphysa, only three species are listed ( C. dario, C. geto, C. grandis) and the type species has to be selected among them. The earliest valid type species designation is by Jordan (1919a: 195) who designated C. dario. Botia dariois placed in Botia s.s.by Nalbant (1963, 2002), Taki (1972) and others, and therefore Hymenphysais a junior subjective synonym of Botia. The valid name for the lineage called Hymenophysaby Fang, Nalbant, Taki and others is Syncrossus Blyth, 1860.